Search results for: Maggie Ahmed Mashaly
935 Study the Efficiency of Some Homopolymers as Lube Oil Additives
Authors: Amal M. Nassar, Nehal S. Ahmed, Rasha S. Kamal
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Some lube oil additives improve the base oil performance such as viscosity index improvers and pour point depressants which are the most important type of additives. In the present work, some homopolymeric additives were prepared by esterification of acrylic acid with different alcohols (1-dodecyl, 1-hexadecyl, and 1-octadecyl )and then homopolymerization of the prepared esters with different ratio of benzoyl peroxide catalyst (0.25%& 0.5 % and 1%). Structure of the prepared esters was confirmed by Infra-Red Spectroscopy. The molecular weights of the prepared homopolymers were determined by using Gel Permeation Chromatograph. The efficiency of the prepared homopolymers as viscosity index improvers and pour point depressants for lube oil was the investigation. It was found that all the prepared homopolymers are effective as viscosity index improvers and pour point depressants.Keywords: lube oil additives, homopolymerization, viscosity index improver, pour point depressant
Procedia PDF Downloads 219934 Pressure Surge Analysis for Al Gardabiya Pump Station Phase III of the Man-Made River Project
Authors: Ahmed Bensreti, Mohamed Gouarsha
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This paper presents a review of the pressure surge simulations carried out for Phase III of the Man Made River project in Libya with particular emphasis on the transient generated by simultaneous pump trips at Al Gardabiya Pump Station. The omission of the surge vessel check valve and bypass system on the grounds of cost, ease of design, and construction will result in, as expected, increased surge fluctuations as the damping effect in the form was removed. From the hydraulic and control requirements, it is recommended for Al Gardabiya Pump station that the check valve and check valve bypass be included in the final surge vessel design.Keywords: computational fluid dynamics, surge vessel design, transient surge analysis, water pipe hydraulics
Procedia PDF Downloads 60933 Towards a Resources Provisioning for Dynamic Workflows in the Cloud
Authors: Fairouz Fakhfakh, Hatem Hadj Kacem, Ahmed Hadj Kacem
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Cloud computing offers a new model of service provisioning for workflow applications, thanks to its elasticity and its paying model. However, it presents various challenges that need to be addressed in order to be efficiently utilized. The resources provisioning problem for workflow applications has been widely studied. Nevertheless, the existing works did not consider the change in workflow instances while they are being executed. This functionality has become a major requirement to deal with unusual situations and evolution. This paper presents a first step towards the resources provisioning for a dynamic workflow. In fact, we propose a provisioning algorithm which minimizes the overall workflow execution cost, while meeting a deadline constraint. Then, we extend it to support the dynamic adding of tasks. Experimental results show that our proposed heuristic demonstrates a significant reduction in resources cost by using a consolidation process.Keywords: cloud computing, resources provisioning, dynamic workflow, workflow applications
Procedia PDF Downloads 279932 Microwave Plasma Dry Reforming of Methane at High CO2/CH4 Feed Ratio
Authors: Nabil Majd Alawi, Gia Hung Pham, Ahmed Barifcani
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Dry reforming of methane that converts two greenhouses gases (CH4 and CO2) to synthesis gas (a mixture of H2 and CO) was studied in a commercial bench scale microwave (MW) plasma reactor system at atmospheric pressure. The CO2, CH4 and N2 conversions; H2, CO selectivities and yields, and syngas ratio (H2/CO) were investigated in a wide range of total feed flow rate (0.45 – 2.1 L/min), MW power (700 – 1200 watt) and CO2/CH4 molar ratio (2 – 5). At the feed flow rates of CH4, CO2 and N2 of 0.2, 0.4 and 1.5 L/min respectively, and the MWs input power of 700 W, the highest conversions of CH4 and CO2, selectivity and yield of H2, CO and H2/CO ratio of 79.35%, 44.82%, 50.12, 58.42, 39.77%, 32.89%, and 0.86, respectively, were achieved. The results of this work show that the product ratio increases slightly with the increasing total feed flow rate, but it decreases significantly with the increasing MW power and feeds CO2/CH4 ratio.Keywords: dry reforming of methane, microwave discharge, plasma technology, synthesis gas production
Procedia PDF Downloads 261931 Comparative Vector Susceptibility for Dengue Virus and Their Co-Infection in A. aegypti and A. albopictus
Authors: Monika Soni, Chandra Bhattacharya, Siraj Ahmed Ahmed, Prafulla Dutta
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Dengue is now a globally important arboviral disease. Extensive vector surveillance has already established A.aegypti as a primary vector, but A.albopictus is now accelerating the situation through gradual adaptation to human surroundings. Global destabilization and gradual climatic shift with rising in temperature have significantly expanded the geographic range of these species These versatile vectors also host Chikungunya, Zika, and yellow fever virus. Biggest challenge faced by endemic countries now is upsurge in co-infection reported with multiple serotypes and virus co-circulation. To foster vector control interventions and mitigate disease burden, there is surge for knowledge on vector susceptibility and viral tolerance in response to multiple infections. To address our understanding on transmission dynamics and reproductive fitness, both the vectors were exposed to single and dual combinations of all four dengue serotypes by artificial feeding and followed up to third generation. Artificial feeding observed significant difference in feeding rate for both the species where A.albopictus was poor artificial feeder (35-50%) compared to A.aegypti (95-97%) Robust sequential screening of viral antigen in mosquitoes was followed by Dengue NS1 ELISA, RT-PCR and Quantitative PCR. To observe viral dissemination in different mosquito tissues Indirect immunofluorescence assay was performed. Result showed that both the vectors were infected initially with all dengue(1-4)serotypes and its co-infection (D1 and D2, D1 and D3, D1 and D4, D2 and D4) combinations. In case of DENV-2 there was significant difference in the peak titer observed at 16th day post infection. But when exposed to dual infections A.aegypti supported all combinations of virus where A.albopictus only continued single infections in successive days. There was a significant negative effect on the fecundity and fertility of both the vectors compared to control (PANOVA < 0.001). In case of dengue 2 infected mosquito, fecundity in parent generation was significantly higher (PBonferroni < 0.001) for A.albopicus compare to A.aegypti but there was a complete loss of fecundity from second to third generation for A.albopictus. It was observed that A.aegypti becomes infected with multiple serotypes frequently even at low viral titres compared to A.albopictus. Possible reason for this could be the presence of wolbachia infection in A.albopictus or mosquito innate immune response, small RNA interference etc. Based on the observations it could be anticipated that transovarial transmission may not be an important phenomenon for clinical disease outcome, due to the absence of viral positivity by third generation. Also, Dengue NS1 ELISA can be used for preliminary viral detection in mosquitoes as more than 90% of the samples were found positive compared to RT-PCR and viral load estimation.Keywords: co-infection, dengue, reproductive fitness, viral quantification
Procedia PDF Downloads 191930 Mathematical Modeling and Algorithms for the Capacitated Facility Location and Allocation Problem with Emission Restriction
Authors: Sagar Hedaoo, Fazle Baki, Ahmed Azab
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In supply chain management, network design for scalable manufacturing facilities is an emerging field of research. Facility location allocation assigns facilities to customers to optimize the overall cost of the supply chain. To further optimize the costs, capacities of these facilities can be changed in accordance with customer demands. A mathematical model is formulated to fully express the problem at hand and to solve small-to-mid range instances. A dedicated constraint has been developed to restrict emissions in line with the Kyoto protocol. This problem is NP-Hard; hence, a simulated annealing metaheuristic has been developed to solve larger instances. A case study on the USA-Canada cross border crossing is used.Keywords: emission, mixed integer linear programming, metaheuristic, simulated annealing
Procedia PDF Downloads 300929 Lossless Secret Image Sharing Based on Integer Discrete Cosine Transform
Authors: Li Li, Ahmed A. Abd El-Latif, Aya El-Fatyany, Mohamed Amin
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This paper proposes a new secret image sharing method based on integer discrete cosine transform (IntDCT). It first transforms the original image into the frequency domain (DCT coefficients) using IntDCT, which are operated on each block with size 8*8. Then, it generates shares among each DCT coefficients in the same place of each block, that is, all the DC components are used to generate DC shares, the ith AC component in each block are utilized to generate ith AC shares, and so on. The DC and AC shares components with the same number are combined together to generate DCT shadows. Experimental results and analyses show that the proposed method can recover the original image lossless than those methods based on traditional DCT and is more sensitive to tiny change in both the coefficients and the content of the image.Keywords: secret image sharing, integer DCT, lossless recovery, sensitivity
Procedia PDF Downloads 388928 Male Oreochromis mossambica as Indicator for Water Pollution with Trace Elements in Relation to Condition Factor from Pakistan
Authors: Muhammad Naeem, Syed M. Moeen-ud-Din Raheel, Muhammad Arshad, Muhammad Naeem Qaisar, Muhammad Khalid, Muhammad Zubair Ahmed, Muhammad Ashraf
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Iron, Copper, Cadmium, Zinc, Manganese, Chromium levels were estimated to study the risk of trace elements on human consumption. The area of collection was Dera Ghazi Khan, Pakistan and was evaluated by means of flame atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The standards find in favor of the six heavy metals were in accordance with the threshold edge concentrations on behalf of fish meat obligatory by European and other international normative. Regressions were achieved for both size (length and weight) and condition factor with concentrations of metal present in the fish body.Keywords: Oreochromis mossambica, toxic analysis, body size, condition factor
Procedia PDF Downloads 574927 A Proposed Program for Postgraduates in Egypt to Acquire the Skills and Techniques for Producing Concept Cartoons for Kindergarten Children
Authors: Ahmed Amin Mousa, M. Abd El Salam
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The current study presents a proposed program for acquisition the skills and techniques needed to produce concept cartoon. The proposed program has been prepared for non-specialist students who have never used neither graphics nor animating software. It was presented to postgraduates in Faculty of Education for Early Childhood, Cairo University, during the spring term of the 2014-2015 academic year. The program works in three different aspects: Drawing and images editing, sound manipulation, and creating animation. In addition, the researchers have prepared a questionnaire for measuring the quality of the concept cartoons produced by the students. The questionnaire was used as a pre-test and post-test, and at the end of the study, a significant difference was determined in favour of post-test results.Keywords: cartoon, concept cartoon, kindergarten, animation
Procedia PDF Downloads 421926 Remembering and Forgetting in Shakespeare Sonnets
Authors: Nasreddin Bushra Ahmed
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Humans use language to externalize their mental perceptions and conceptions and thereby set up an interdependent consciousness about the concrete and abstract spheres of their existence. Language also represents a recording device whereby they capture the transient moment in their lives. Literature with it its various manifestations help keep the individual and collective memories alive. Works of the English literature’s prototypical figure, William Shakespeare provides the best illustration of this fact. Shakespeare’s sonnets abound in prescient insights about the intricacies of human relations. Though they have been the concern of scholars’ investigations for centuries, many of their thematic potentialities are yet to be tapped. The present study aspires to highlight the theme of remembering and forgetting in some of these sonnets as reverse faces of the same coin. Using close reading it is intended to demonstrate how Shakespeare, through imagery and literary tropes, plays with the issues of mortality and immortality, and how he has reaffirmed that literature can provide a locus for perennial presence despite the temporariness of individuals’ existence.Keywords: forgetting, immortality, literature, remembering, Shakespeare, sonnet
Procedia PDF Downloads 354925 Elaboration of Composites with Thermoplastic Matrix Polypropylene Charged by the Polyaniline Synthesized by the Self-Curling Method
Authors: Selma Saadia, Nacira Naar, Ahmed Benaboura
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This work is dedicated to the elaboration of composites (PP/PANI) with Polypropylene (PP) as thermoplastic polymer and the polyaniline (PANI) as electric charge doped with sulfanilic acid (PANI-As). These realized formulations are intended for the antistatic domain. The used conductive polymer is synthesized by the method self-curling which proved the obtaining of the nanoparticles of PANI in regular morphological forms. The PANI and PP composites are fabricated into a film by a twin-screw extruding. Several methods of characterization are proposed: spectroscopic, thermal, and electric. The realized composites proved a pseudo-homogeneous aspect and the threshold percolation study, showed that the formulation with 7% of PANI presents a better formulation which can be used in the antistatic domain.Keywords: extruding, PANI, Polypropylene, sulfanilic acid, self-Curling
Procedia PDF Downloads 232924 Impact of Financial Technology Growth on Bank Performance in Gulf Cooperation Council Region
Authors: Ahmed BenSaïda
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This paper investigates the association between financial technology (FinTech) growth and bank performance in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) region. Application is conducted on a panel dataset containing the annual observations of banks covering the period from 2012 to 2021. FinTech growth is set as an explanatory variable on three proxies of bank performance. These proxies are the return on assets (ROA), return on equity (ROE), and net interest margin (NIM). Moreover, several control variables are added to the model, including bank-specific and macroeconomic variables. The results are significant as all the proxies of the bank performance are negatively affected by the growth of FinTech startups. Consequently, banks are urged to proactively invest in FinTech startups and engage in partnerships to avoid the risk of disruption.Keywords: financial technology, bank performance, GCC countries, panel regression
Procedia PDF Downloads 71923 Cost-Effective Hybrid Cloud Framework for HEI’s
Authors: Shah Muhammad Butt, Ahmed Masaud Ansari
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Present Financial crisis in Higher Educational Institutes (HEIs) facing lots of problems considerable budget cuts, make difficult to meet the ever growing IT-based research and learning needs, institutions are rapidly planning and promoting cloud-based approaches for their academic and research needs. A cost effective Hybrid Cloud framework for HEI’s will provide educational services for campus or intercampus communication. Hybrid Cloud Framework comprises Private and Public Cloud approaches. This paper will propose the framework based on the Open Source Cloud (OpenNebula for Virtualization, Eucalyptus for Infrastructure, and Aneka for programming development environment) combined with CSP’s services which are delivered to the end-user via the Internet from public clouds.Keywords: educational services, hybrid campus cloud, open source, electrical and systems sciences
Procedia PDF Downloads 445922 1G2A IMU\GPS Integration Algorithm for Land Vehicle Navigation
Authors: O. Maklouf, Ahmed Abdulla
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A general decline in the cost, size, and power requirements of electronics is accelerating the adoption of integrated GPS/INS technologies in consumer applications such Land Vehicle Navigation. Researchers are looking for ways to eliminate additional components from product designs. One possibility is to drop one or more of the relatively expensive gyroscopes from microelectromechanical system (MEMS) versions of inertial measurement units (IMUs). For land vehicular use, the most important gyroscope is the vertical gyro that senses the heading of the vehicle and two horizontal accelerometers for determining the velocity of the vehicle. This paper presents a simplified integration algorithm for strap down (ParIMU)\GPS combination, with data post processing for the determination of 2-D components of position (trajectory), velocity and heading. In the present approach we have neglected earth rotation and gravity variations, because of the poor gyroscope sensitivities of the low-cost IMU and because of the relatively small area of the trajectory.Keywords: GPS, ParIMU, INS, Kalman filter
Procedia PDF Downloads 507921 The Reality of Libyan Airports and Future Prospects
Authors: Ramadan Ahmed Abugeddida
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Libya is one of the third world countries, has a lot of natural resources, notably oil and gas, as well as attractive tourist sites, in addition to the vast area and diversity of the regions, oil is the main source of income in Libya, which was discovered in the sixties of the last century, which also contributed to the creation of some fundamental changes in the country's infrastructure, such as roads, hospitals, schools, airports, seaports, as well as factories. This paper focuses on airports as one of the most vital institutions in the country, linking the country to the outside world, where dealing with the current situation of airports, in terms of capabilities and infrastructure, as well as the level of services, in other words, to assess the current status of the airports and to identify strengths and weaknesses, as well as general description of the position and what can be done in the future for the advancement of this vital sector. This paper is a part of the doctoral thesis will be carried out by the researcher during the coming period entitled efficiency improvement through implementation of strategic quality management.Keywords: airports, efficiency improvement, quality, strategy
Procedia PDF Downloads 510920 Decision Support System for Optimal Placement of Wind Turbines in Electric Distribution Grid
Authors: Ahmed Ouammi
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This paper presents an integrated decision framework to support decision makers in the selection and optimal allocation of wind power plants in the electric grid. The developed approach intends to maximize the benefice related to the project investment during the planning period. The proposed decision model considers the main cost components, meteorological data, environmental impacts, operation and regulation constraints, and territorial information. The decision framework is expressed as a stochastic constrained optimization problem with the aim to identify the suitable locations and related optimal wind turbine technology considering the operational constraints and maximizing the benefice. The developed decision support system is applied to a case study to demonstrate and validate its performance.Keywords: decision support systems, electric power grid, optimization, wind energy
Procedia PDF Downloads 143919 Sensorless Controller of Induction Motor Using Backstepping Approach and Fuzzy MRAS
Authors: Ahmed Abbou
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This paper present a sensorless controller designed by the backstepping approach for the speed control of induction motor. In this strategy of control, we also combined the method Fuzzy MRAS to estimate the rotor speed and the observer type Luenburger to observe Rotor flux. The control model involves a division by the flux variable that may lead to unbounded solutions. Such a risk is avoided by basing the controller design on Lyapunov function that accounts for the model singularity. On the other hand, this mixed method gives better results in Sensorless operation and especially at low speed. The response time at 5% of the flux is 20ms while the error between the speed with sensor and the estimated speed remains in the range of ±0.8 rad/s for the rated functioning and ±1.5 rad/s for low speed.Keywords: backstepping approach, fuzzy logic, induction motor, luenburger observer, sensorless MRAS
Procedia PDF Downloads 365918 Effect of Different Weed Management Strategies in Chickpea Yield
Authors: Ijaz Ahmed Khan, Zaheen Ullah, Rahamdad, Gul Hassan
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A field experiment was conducted at Agricultural Research Station Ahmad Wala, Karak, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province during rabi season of 2010-011 to study the effect of different weed management practices on weed control in chickpea under field conditions. The results revealed that treatments showed significant influence on weed density, seed yield kg ha-1 and other growth parameters. Significantly lower weed density (98 m-2) was recorded with the application of Isoproturon 500 EW as compared to control plots having 368.3 weeds m-2. Moreover, significantly highest seed yield (1583.3 kg ha-1) was produced in the plots assigned with Isoproturon 500 EW followed by Eucalyptus extract that produce seed yield of 1416.7 kg ha-1. It was concluded from the study that Isoproturon 500 EW is the best option for controlling weeds and increase the seed yield kg ha-1 of chickpea.Keywords: chickpea, herbicides, weed control, weeds extracts
Procedia PDF Downloads 549917 Power Control of DFIG in WECS Using Backstipping and Sliding Mode Controller
Authors: Abdellah Boualouch, Ahmed Essadki, Tamou Nasser, Ali Boukhriss, Abdellatif Frigui
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This paper presents a power control for a Doubly Fed Induction Generator (DFIG) using in Wind Energy Conversion System (WECS) connected to the grid. The proposed control strategy employs two nonlinear controllers, Backstipping (BSC) and sliding-mode controller (SMC) scheme to directly calculate the required rotor control voltage so as to eliminate the instantaneous errors of active and reactive powers. In this paper the advantages of BSC and SMC are presented, the performance and robustness of this two controller’s strategy are compared between them. First, we present a model of wind turbine and DFIG machine, then a synthesis of the controllers and their application in the DFIG power control. Simulation results on a 1.5MW grid-connected DFIG system are provided by MATLAB/Simulink.Keywords: backstipping, DFIG, power control, sliding-mode, WESC
Procedia PDF Downloads 588916 Analysis and Modeling of Photovoltaic System with Different Research Methods of Maximum Power Point Tracking
Authors: Mehdi Ameur, Ahmed Essakdi, Tamou Nasser
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The purpose of this paper is the analysis and modeling of the photovoltaic system with MPPT techniques. This system is developed by combining the models of established solar module and DC-DC converter with the algorithms of perturb and observe (P&O), incremental conductance (INC) and fuzzy logic controller(FLC). The system is simulated under different climate conditions and MPPT algorithms to determine the influence of these conditions on characteristic power-voltage of PV system. According to the comparisons of the simulation results, the photovoltaic system can extract the maximum power with precision and rapidity using the MPPT algorithms discussed in this paper.Keywords: photovoltaic array, maximum power point tracking, MPPT, perturb and observe, P&O, incremental conductance, INC, hill climbing, HC, fuzzy logic controller, FLC
Procedia PDF Downloads 422915 Reversible and Adaptive Watermarking for MRI Medical Images
Authors: Nisar Ahmed Memon
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A new medical image watermarking scheme delivering high embedding capacity is presented in this paper. Integer Wavelet Transform (IWT), Companding technique and adaptive thresholding are used in this scheme. The proposed scheme implants, recovers the hidden information and restores the input image to its pristine state at the receiving end. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) images are used for experimental purposes. The scheme first segment the MRI medical image into non-overlapping blocks and then inserts watermark into wavelet coefficients having a high frequency of each block. The scheme uses block-based watermarking adopting iterative optimization of threshold for companding in order to avoid the histogram pre and post processing. Results show that proposed scheme performs better than other reversible medical image watermarking schemes available in literature for MRI medical images.Keywords: adaptive thresholding, companding technique, data authentication, reversible watermarking
Procedia PDF Downloads 287914 Attitudes of Saudi Students Attending the English Programmes of the Royal Commission for Jubail and Yanbu toward Using Computer-Assisted Language Learning
Authors: Sultan Ahmed Arishi
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The objective of the study was to investigate the attitude of the Saudi students attending the English Language programmes of the Royal Commission for Jubail towards using CALL, as well as to discover whether computer-assisted teaching is useful and valuable for students in learning English. Data were collected with the help of interviews and survey questionnaires. The outcomes of the investigation showed that students had a positive attitude towards CALL. Moreover, the listening skills of the students had the most substantial effect on students learning English through CALL. Unexpectedly, the teaching staff, equipment, curriculum, or even a student's poor English background was a distinct barrier that attributed to any weaknesses of using CALL, or in other words, all these factors were of a similar attitude.Keywords: CALL, teaching aids, teaching technology, teaching English with technology, teaching English in Saudi Arabia
Procedia PDF Downloads 135913 Effect of Robot Configuration Parameters, Masses and Friction on Painlevé Paradox for a Sliding Two-Link (P-R) Robot
Authors: Hassan Mohammad Alkomy, Hesham Elkaranshawy, Ahmed Ibrahim Ashour, Khaled Tawfik Mohamed
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For a rigid body sliding on a rough surface, a range of uncertainty or non-uniqueness of solution could be found, which is termed: Painlevé paradox. Painlevé paradox is the reason of a wide range of bouncing motion, observed during sliding of robotic manipulators on rough surfaces. In this research work, the existence of the paradox zone during the sliding motion of a two-link (P-R) robotic manipulator with a unilateral constraint is investigated. Parametric study is performed to investigate the effect of friction, link-length ratio, total height and link-mass ratio on the paradox zone.Keywords: dynamical system, friction, multibody system, painlevé paradox, robotic systems, sliding robots, unilateral constraint
Procedia PDF Downloads 444912 A Double Acceptance Sampling Plan for Truncated Life Test Having Exponentiated Transmuted Weibull Distribution
Authors: A. D. Abdellatif, A. N. Ahmed, M. E. Abdelaziz
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The main purpose of this paper is to design a double acceptance sampling plan under the time truncated life test when the product lifetime follows an exponentiated transmuted Weibull distribution. Here, the motive is to meet both the consumer’s risk and producer’s risk simultaneously at the specified quality levels, while the termination time is specified. A comparison between the results of the double and single acceptance sampling plans is conducted. We demonstrate the applicability of our results to real data sets.Keywords: double sampling plan, single sampling plan, producer’s risk, consumer’s risk, exponentiated transmuted weibull distribution, time truncated experiment, single, double, Marshal-Olkin
Procedia PDF Downloads 477911 Ethno-Medical Potentials of Tacazzea apiculata Oliv. (Periplocaceae)
Authors: Abubakar Ahmed, Zainab Mohammed, Hadiza D. Nuhu, Hamisu Ibrahim
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Introduction: The plant Tacazzea apiculata Oliv (Periplocaceae) is widely distributed in tropical West Africa. It is claimed to have multiple uses in traditional medicine among which are its use to treat hemorrhoids, inflammations and cancers. Methods: Ethno-botanical survey through interview and using show-and-tell method of data collection were conducted among Hausa and Fulani tribes of northern Nigeria with the view to document useful information on the numerous claims by the local people on the plant. Results: The results revealed that the plant T. apiculata has relative popularity among the herbalist (38.2 %), nomads (14.8 %) and fishermen (16.0%). The most important uses of the plant in traditional medicine are inflammation (Fedelity level: 25.7 %) and Haemorrhoids (Fedelity level: 17.1 %) Conclusion: These results suggest the relevance of T. apiculata in traditional medicine and as a good candidate for drug Development.Keywords: ethno-botany, periplocaceae, Tacazzea apiculata, traditional medicine
Procedia PDF Downloads 500910 An Optimization Model for Maximum Clique Problem Based on Semidefinite Programming
Authors: Derkaoui Orkia, Lehireche Ahmed
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The topic of this article is to exploring the potentialities of a powerful optimization technique, namely Semidefinite Programming, for solving NP-hard problems. This approach provides tight relaxations of combinatorial and quadratic problems. In this work, we solve the maximum clique problem using this relaxation. The clique problem is the computational problem of finding cliques in a graph. It is widely acknowledged for its many applications in real-world problems. The numerical results show that it is possible to find a maximum clique in polynomial time, using an algorithm based on semidefinite programming. We implement a primal-dual interior points algorithm to solve this problem based on semidefinite programming. The semidefinite relaxation of this problem can be solved in polynomial time.Keywords: semidefinite programming, maximum clique problem, primal-dual interior point method, relaxation
Procedia PDF Downloads 214909 Systemic Functional Grammar Analysis of Barack Obama's Second Term Inaugural Speech
Authors: Sadiq Aminu, Ahmed Lamido
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This research studies Barack Obama’s second inaugural speech using Halliday’s Systemic Functional Grammar (SFG). SFG is a text grammar which describes how language is used, so that the meaning of the text can be better understood. The primary source of data in this research work is Barack Obama’s second inaugural speech which was obtained from the internet. The analysis of the speech was based on the ideational and textual metafunctions of Systemic Functional Grammar. Specifically, the researcher analyses the Process Types and Participants (ideational) and the Theme/Rheme (textual). It was found that material process (process of doing) was the most frequently used ‘Process type’ and ‘We’ which refers to the people of America was the frequently used ‘Theme’. Application of the SFG theory, therefore, gives a better meaning to Barack Obama’s speech.Keywords: ideational, metafunction, rheme, textual, theme
Procedia PDF Downloads 145908 Solar Photocatalytic Degradation of Phenol in Aqueous Solutions Using Titanium Dioxide
Authors: Mohamed Gar Alalm, Ahmed Tawfik
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In this study, photo-catalytic degradation of phenol by titanium dioxide (TiO2) in aqueous solution was evaluated. The UV energy of solar light was utilized by compound parabolic collectors (CPCs) technology. The effect of irradiation time, initial pH, and dosage of TiO2 were investigated. Aromatic intermediates (catechol, benzoquinone, and hydroquinone) were quantified during the reaction to study the pathways of the oxidation process. 94.5% degradation efficiency of phenol was achieved after 150 minutes of irradiation when the initial concentration was 100 mg/L. The dosage of TiO2 significantly affected the degradation efficiency of phenol. The observed optimum pH for the reaction was 5.2. Phenol photo-catalytic degradation fitted to the pseudo-first order kinetic according to Langmuir–Hinshelwood model.Keywords: compound parabolic collectors, phenol, photo-catalytic, titanium dioxide
Procedia PDF Downloads 399907 Experimental Study of Exhaust Muffler System for Direct-Injection Gasoline Engine
Authors: Abdallah F. Abd El-Mohsen, Ahmed A. Abdelsamee, Nouby M. Ghazaly
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Engine exhaust noise is considered one of the largest sources of vehicle exterior noise. Further reduction of noise from the vehicle exhaust system will be required, as the vehicle exterior noise regulations become stricter. Therefore, the present study has been carried out to illustrate the role of engine operating parameters and exhaust system construction factors on exhaust noise emitted. The measurements carried out using different exhaust systems, which are mainly used in today’s vehicle. The effect of engine speed on the spectra level of exhaust noise is recorded at engine speeds of 900 rpm, 1800 rpm, 2700, rpm 3600 rpm and 4500 rpm. The results indicate that the increase of engine speed causes a significant increase in the spectrum level of exhaust noise. The increase in the number of the outlet of the expansion chamber also reduces the overall level of exhaust noise.Keywords: exhaust system, expansion chamber, engine speed, spectra
Procedia PDF Downloads 160906 Design of Soil Replacement under Axial Centric Load Isolated Footing by Limit State Method
Authors: Emad A. M. Osman, Ahmed M. Abu-Bakr
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Compacted granular fill under shallow foundation is one of the oldest, cheapest, and easiest techniques to improve the soil characteristics to increase the bearing capacity and decrease settlement under footing. There are three main factors affecting the design of soil replacement to gain these advantages. These factors are the type of replaced soil, characteristics, and thickness. The first two factors can be easily determined by laboratory and field control. This paper emphasizes on how to determine the thickness accurately for footing under centric axial load by limit state design method. The advantages of the method are the way of determining the thickness (independent of experience) and it takes into account the replaced and original or underneath soil characteristics and reaches the goals of replaced soils economically.Keywords: design of soil replacement, LSD method, soil replacement, soil improvement
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