Search results for: Midori Tanimura

Authors: Zhan Chen, Wenquan Bi

Abstract:

This paper focuses on examining the strength of Midori against impossible differential attack. The Midori family of light weight block cipher orienting to energy-efficiency is proposed in ASIACRYPT2015. Using a 6-round property, the authors implement an 11-round impossible differential attack on Midori64 by extending two rounds on the top and three rounds on the bottom. There is enough key space to consider pre-whitening keys in this attack. An impossible differential path that minimises the key bits involved is used to reduce computational complexity. Several additional observations such as partial abort technique are used to further reduce data and time complexities. This attack has data complexity of 2 ⁶⁹·² chosen plaintexts, requires 2 ¹⁴·⁵⁸ blocks of memory and 2 ⁹⁴·⁷ 11- round Midori64 encryptions.

Keywords: cryptanalysis, impossible differential, light weight block cipher, Midori

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Authors: Zhan Chen, Wenquan Bi, Xiaoyun Wang

Abstract:

The Midori family of light weight block cipher is proposed in ASIACRYPT2015. It has attracted the attention of numerous cryptanalysts. There are two versions of Midori: Midori64 which takes a 64-bit block size and Midori128 the size of which is 128-bit. In this paper an improved 10-round impossible differential attack on Midori64 is proposed. Pre-whitening keys are considered in this attack. A better impossible differential path is used to reduce time complexity by decreasing the number of key bits guessed. A hash table is built in the pre-computation phase to reduce computational complexity. Partial abort technique is used in the key seiving phase. The attack requires 259 chosen plaintexts, 214.58 blocks of memory and 268.83 10-round Midori64 encryptions.

Keywords: cryptanalysis, impossible differential, light weight block cipher, Midori

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Authors: Midori Tanimura, Ike Saya, Etsuko Yoshida

Abstract:

Since the work of Lakoff and Johnson (1980), metaphor has been recognized not merely as a rhetorical device but as a crucial component of human thought and conceptual formation. However, many studies have concentrated on verbal metaphors, leaving relatively little research on figurative expressions that draw on additional modes, such as visual forms, auditory information, or gesture (Forceville & Urios-Aparisi, 2009, Littlemore, 2009). This paper addresses that gap by examining multimodal metaphors, which emerge through the integration of multiple modes (e.g., language and visual forms). For example, an advertisement conveying “passion is fire” by pairing the phrase “Feel the fire” with a visual depiction of flames illustrates how metaphor can be expressed in both linguistic and visual modes (Forceville, 2006). In this study, we analyze data from task-based conversation among multiple ELF (English as a Lingua Franca) speakers. Our focus is on LEGO block-creation conversations, exploring how physical operations (arranging or assembling blocks) and linguistic expressions interact to construct figurative or abstract concepts. Specifically, we investigate the types of linguistic metaphors (e.g., the expression “Let’s build a scale here” based on the conceptual metaphor ) that emerge when participants discuss the arrangement, color, and shape of blocks, as well as how abstract concepts (e.g., “equality,” “fairness,” “connection”) are represented through block configurations. The ELF multi-participant task-based conversation data consist of groups of three or four students from diverse cultural backgrounds who collaborate in English to freely assemble LEGO blocks while sharing their visions of given tasks. Six tasks were presented—responsibility, collaboration, knowledge, justice, safety, and tolerance—and each was allotted five minutes (Bjørndahl, Fusaroli, Østergaard, and Tylén, 2015). A total of 31 participants, all university students in the Kansai region of Japan, took part in the study. They included Japanese native speakers learning English, and international students (from China, Spain, Poland, and Brazil), forming eight groups of three to four members each. Their proficiency levels ranged from CEFR A2 (approximately TOEIC 750) to CEFR C2. The analysis suggests that the interaction between block handling and speech transforms abstract concepts such as "equality," "fairness," and "connection," and into concrete and visually grounded metaphors. For instance, when representing "equality" or "fairness," one group placed an equal number of blocks on a scale, while another used the theme of a criminal's wrongdoing to represent the "severity" or "weight" of punishment with blocks. Additionally, when expressing "connection," groups created circles with blocks or connected the hands of block figures, symbolizing these concepts in a visual and metaphorical way. These examples show that groups used varied block-handling strategies, reflecting how their understanding of abstract concepts shaped their arrangements. These findings contribute to visualizing abstract concepts, promoting natural English usage, and enhancing intercultural understanding in English education. Furthermore, in business settings, visualizing tasks through block handling can facilitate team building, improve communication efficiency, and even foster creative problem solving. Thus, using such multimodal metaphors has potential not only for language learning and cross-cultural communication but also for corporate training and organizational collaboration.

Keywords: co-construction, interaction, multimodal metaphor, physical action

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Authors: Cintia Midori Kaminishikawahara, Fernanda Jéssica Mendonça, Moisés Grespan, Elza Iouko Ida, Massami Shimokomaki, Adriana Lourenço Soares

Abstract:

The quality of broiler breast meat is changing as a result of continuing emphasis on genetically bird’s selection for efficiently higher meat production. The consumer is experiencing a cooked product that is drier and less juicy when consumed. Breast meat has been classified as PSE (pale, soft, exudative), DFD (dark, firm, dry) and normal color meat. However, recently variations of this color have been observed and they are not in line with the specificity of the meat functional properties. Thus, the objective of this work was to report the finding of a new pale meat color group characterized as Pale, Firm and Non-exudative (PFN) based on its pH, color, meat functional properties and micro structural evaluation. Breast meat fillets samples (n=1045) from commercial line were classified into PSE (pH ≤5.8, L* ≥ 53.0), PFN (pH > 5.8 and L* ≥ 53.0) and Normal (pH >5.8 and L* < 53.0), based on pH and L* values. In sequence, a total of 30 samples of each group were analyzed for the water holding capacity (WHC) and shear force (SF). The incidence was 9.1% for PSE meat, 85.7% for PFN and 5.2% for Normal meat. The PSE meat presented lower values of WHC (P ≤ 0.05) followed in sequence by PFN and Normal samples and also the SF values of fresh PFN was higher than PSE meat (P ≤ 0.05) and similar to Normal samples. Under optical microscopy, the cell diameter was 10% higher for PFN in relation to PSE meat and similar to Normal meat. These preliminary results indicate an emerging group of breast meat and it should be considered that the Pale, Firm and Non-exudative should be considered as an ideal broiler breast meat quality.

Keywords: broiler PSE meat, light microscopy, texture, water holding capacity

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Authors: Md. Khayrul Bashar, Md. Saiful Islam, Kimiko Yamashita, Yano Midori

Abstract:

Despite having some progress in human authentication, conventional biometrics (e.g., facial features, fingerprints, retinal scans, gait, voice patterns) are not robust against falsification because they are neither confidential nor secret to an individual. As a non-invasive tool, electrocardiogram (ECG) has recently shown a great potential in human recognition due to its unique rhythms characterizing the variability of human heart structures (chest geometry, sizes, and positions). Moreover, ECG has a real-time vitality characteristic that signifies the live signs, which ensure legitimate individual to be identified. However, the detection accuracy of the current ECG-based methods is not sufficient due to a high variability of the individual’s heartbeats at a different instance of time. These variations may occur due to muscle flexure, the change of mental or emotional states, and the change of sensor positions or long-term baseline shift during the recording of ECG signal. In this study, a new method is proposed for human identification, which is based on the extraction of the local roughness of ECG heartbeat signals. First ECG signal is preprocessed using a second order band-pass Butterworth filter having cut-off frequencies of 0.00025 and 0.04. A number of local binary patterns are then extracted by applying a moving neighborhood window along the ECG signal. At each instant of the ECG signal, the pattern is formed by comparing the ECG intensities at neighboring time points with the central intensity in the moving window. Then, binary weights are multiplied with the pattern to come up with the local roughness description of the signal. Finally, histograms are constructed that describe the heartbeat signals of individual subjects in the database. One advantage of the proposed feature is that it does not depend on the accuracy of detecting QRS complex, unlike the conventional methods. Supervised recognition methods are then designed using minimum distance to mean and Bayesian classifiers to identify authentic human subjects. An experiment with sixty (60) ECG signals from sixty adult subjects from National Metrology Institute of Germany (NMIG) - PTB database, showed that the proposed new method is promising compared to a conventional interval and amplitude feature-based method.

Keywords: human identification, ECG biometrics, local roughness patterns, supervised classification

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