Search results for: Borna A. Assarian

Authors: Borna A. Assarian, Richard Imonikhe, Ali Ghoraba, Sameh A. Ibrahim, Marwa Albaroudi

Abstract:

Introduction: Glaucoma is characterised by increased intraocular pressure (IOP) and can cause irreversible vision loss if untreated. Selective laser trabeculoplasty (SLT) is a non-invasive treatment to lower IOP and slow glaucoma progression. The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of SLT in reducing IOP and the number of anti-glaucoma eye drops used in glaucoma patients at the University Hospital of Southampton. Method: Records of 100 eyes of glaucoma patients between 2020-2022 were reviewed. Pre- and post-treatment IOP and changes in the quantity of anti-glaucoma eye drops were analysed. Inclusion criteria required SLT treatment and IOP measurement with Goldmann applanation tonometry. Patients with adjustments made to anti-glaucoma drops before six weeks post-treatment or before IOP measurement were excluded. Results: 100 eyes of 62 glaucoma patients were studied and consisted of 60% primary open-angle glaucoma, 14% pigment dispersion syndrome, 11% ocular hypertension, 10% primary angle closure glaucoma, 4% normal-tension glaucoma, and 1% pseudoexfoliation syndrome. Overall, the average IOP reduction was 2.12 mmHg per eye. SLT was effective in reducing IOP across all types of glaucoma; degrees of effect were dependent on the type of pathology, with the greatest median decrease in primary open-angle glaucoma and ocular hypertension (3mmHg). IOP reduction also varied based on the number of anti-glaucoma eye drops used, with the largest median decrease (4mmHg) observed in patients who did not use any drops. SLT reduced the number of anti-glaucoma eye drops, with 10% of cases discontinuing use and 6% reduced by one eye drop. Adverse events were rare and included transient increases in IOP (2%) and corneal oedema (1%). Conclusion: SLT is a safe and effective treatment option for reducing IOP and the number of anti-glaucoma eye drops. The type of glaucoma and the number of anti-glaucoma eye drops used by patients can help predict the efficacy of SLT treatment.

Keywords: glaucoma, non-invasive treatment, raised intraocular pressure, selective laser trabeculoplasty

Procedia PDF Downloads 2

Authors: Arezoo Assarian, Reza Javaherdashti

Abstract:

Microbiologically influenced corrosion (MIC) is an electrochemical process that can affect both metals and non-metals. The cost of MIC can amount to 40% of the cost of corrosion. MIC is enhanced via factors such as but not limited to the presence of certain bacteria and archaea as well as mechanisms such as external electron transfer. There are five methods by which electrochemical corrosion, including MIC, can be prevented, of which coatings are an effective method due to blinding anode, cathode and, electrolyte from each other. Conventional ordinary coatings may themselves become nutrient sources for the bacteria and therefore show low efficiency in dealing with MIC. Recently our works on polyaspartic coating (DTM) have shown promising results, therefore nominating DTM as the most appropriate coating material to manage both MIC and general electrochemical corrosion very efficiently. Nanosilver particles are known for their antimicrobial properties that make them of desirable distractive impacts on any germs. This coating will be formulated based on Nanosilver phosphate and copper II oxide in the resin network and co-reactant. The nanoparticles are light and heat-sensitive agents. The method which is used to keep nanoparticles in the film coating is the encapsulation of active ingredients. By this method, it will prevent incompatibility between different particles. For producing microcapsules, the interfacial cross-linking method will be used. This is achieved by adding an active ingredient to an aqueous solution of the cross-linkable polymer. In this paper, we will first explain the role of coating materials in controlling and preventing electrochemical corrosion. We will explain MIC and some of its fundamental principles, such as bacteria establishment (biofilm) and the role they play in enhancing corrosion via mechanisms such as the establishment of differential aeration cells. Later we will explain features of DTM coatings that highly contribute to preventing biofilm formation and thus microbial corrosion.

Keywords: biofilm, corrosion, microbiologically influenced corrosion(MIC), nanosilver particles, polyaspartic coating (DTM)

Procedia PDF Downloads 159

Authors: Mohadese Oghbaee, Borna Firouzi

Abstract:

The emergence of the Internet and more specifically the formation of social media has provided the ground for paying attention to new types of content dissemination. In recent years, Social media users share information, communicate with others, and exchange opinions on social events in this space. Many of the information published in this space are suspicious and produced with the intention of deceiving others. These contents are often called "fake news". Fake news, by disrupting the circulation of the concept and similar concepts such as fake news with correct information and misleading public opinion, has the ability to endanger the security of countries and deprive the audience of the basic right of free access to real information; Competing governments, opposition elements, profit-seeking individuals and even competing organizations, knowing about this capacity, act to distort and overturn the facts in the virtual space of the target countries and communities on a large scale and influence public opinion towards their goals. This process of extensive de-truthing of the information space of the societies has created a wave of harm and worries all over the world. The formation of these concerns has led to the opening of a new path of research for the timely containment and reduction of the destructive effects of fake news on public opinion. In addition, the expansion of this phenomenon has the potential to create serious and important problems for societies, and its impact on events such as the 2016 American elections, Brexit, 2017 French elections, 2019 Indian elections, etc., has caused concerns and led to the adoption of approaches It has been dealt with. In recent years, a simple look at the growth trend of research in "Scopus" shows an increasing increase in research with the keyword "false information", which reached its peak in 2020, namely 524 cases, reached, while in 2015, only 30 scientific-research contents were published in this field. Considering that one of the capabilities of social media is to create a context for the dissemination of news and information, both true and false, in this article, the classification of strategies for spreading fake news in social networks was investigated in social events. To achieve this goal, thematic analysis research method was chosen. In this way, an extensive library study was first conducted in global sources. Then, an in-depth interview was conducted with 18 well-known specialists and experts in the field of news and media in Iran. These experts were selected by purposeful sampling. Then by analyzing the data using the theme analysis method, strategies were obtained; The strategies achieved so far (research is in progress) include unrealistically strengthening/weakening the speed and content of the event, stimulating psycho-media movements, targeting emotional audiences such as women, teenagers and young people, strengthening public hatred, calling the reaction legitimate/illegitimate. events, incitement to physical conflict, simplification of violent protests and targeted publication of images and interviews were introduced.

Keywords: fake news, social network, social events, thematic analysis

Procedia PDF Downloads 55