Effects of Opening Shape and Location on the Structural Strength of R.C. Deep Beams with Openings

Authors: Haider M. Alsaeq

Abstract:

This research investigates the effects of the opening shape and location on the structural behavior of reinforced concrete deep beam with openings, while keeping the opening size unchanged. The software ANSYS 12.1 is used to handle the nonlinear finite element analysis. The ultimate strength of reinforced concrete deep beam with opening obtained by ANSYS 12.1 shows fair agreement with the experimental results, with a difference of no more than 20%. The present work concludes that the opening location has much more effect on the structural strength than the opening shape. It was concluded that placing the openings near the upper corners of the deep beam may double the strength, and the use of a rectangular narrow opening, with the long sides in the horizontal direction, can save up to 40% of structural strength of the deep beam.

Keywords: Deep Beams, Finite Element, Opening, Reinforced Concrete.

Digital Object Identifier (DOI): doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1329204

References:

[1] ACI 318-08, American Concrete Institute, "Building code requirements for reinforced concrete," American Concrete Institute, Farmington Hills, Michigan, 2008.
[2] A. Y. Ali, A. A. Ibrahim, and R. F. Yousif, "Analysis of reinforced concrete beams with openings and strengthened by (CFRP) laminates", University of Babylon Magazine, Vol. 19, No.3, p.p. 1098-1113, 2011.
[3] ANSYS, ANSYS User-s Manual Revision 12.1, ANSYS, Inc., Canonsburg, Pennsylvania, 2012.
[4] H. R. C. S. Bandara, J. C. P. H. Gamage, Aravinda, and S. D. Weerakon, "FE modeling of CFRP strengthened concrete beam exposed to cyclic temperature, humidity and sustained loading", Civil Engineering Research for Industry , Department of Civil Engineering, University of Moratuwa, pp. 55-60, 2011.
[5] S.C. Chin, N. Shafiq and M.F. Nuruddin, "Strengthening of RC beams with large openings in shear by CFRP laminates: experiment and 2D nonlinear finite element analysis", Research Journal of Applied Sciences, Engineering and Technology Vol. 4, No. 9, pp. 1172-1180, 2012.
[6] C. Giuseppe and M. Giovanni, "Behavior of concrete deep beams with openings and low shear span-to-depth ratio", Iraqi Virtual Science Library, Engineering Structures Journal, Vol. 41, pp. 294-306, 2012.
[7] K. G. Hemanth, "Experimental and numerical studies on behavior of FRP strengthened deep beams with openings", MSc thesis, Department of Civil Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, 2012.
[8] D. Kachlakev, T. Miller, S. Yim, K. Chansawat, and T. Potisuk , "Finite element modeling of reinforced concrete structures strengthened with FRP laminates", Final Report SPR 316, Oregon Department of Transportation & Federal Highway Administration, USA, 2001.
[9] D. R. Sahoo and S. H. Chao, "Use of steel fiber reinforced concrete for enhanced performance of deep beams with large openings", Structures Congress ┬® 2010 ASCE, pp. 1981-1990, 2010.
[10] V. Vengatachalapathy and R. Ilangovan, "A study on steel fiber reinforced concrete deep beams with and without openings", International Journal of Civil and Structural Engineering, Vol. 1, No. 3, pp. 509- 517, 2010.
[11] K. H. Yanga, H. C. Eunb, and H. S. Chungc, "The influence of web openings on the structural behavior of reinforced high-strength concrete deep beams", Iraqi Virtual Science Library, Engineering Structures Journal, Vol. 28, pp. 1825-1834, 2006.
[12] T. M. Yoo, "Strength and behavior of high strength concrete deep beams with web openings", Ph.D. Thesis, Griffith School of Engineering, Griffith University, 2011.