ROI Based Embedded Watermarking of Medical Images for Secured Communication in Telemedicine

Authors: Baisa L. Gunjal, Suresh N. Mali

Abstract:

Medical images require special safety and confidentiality because critical judgment is done on the information provided by medical images. Transmission of medical image via internet or mobile phones demands strong security and copyright protection in telemedicine applications. Here, highly secured and robust watermarking technique is proposed for transmission of image data via internet and mobile phones. The Region of Interest (ROI) and Non Region of Interest (RONI) of medical image are separated. Only RONI is used for watermark embedding. This technique results in exact recovery of watermark with standard medical database images of size 512x512, giving 'correlation factor' equals to 1. The correlation factor for different attacks like noise addition, filtering, rotation and compression ranges from 0.90 to 0.95. The PSNR with weighting factor 0.02 is up to 48.53 dBs. The presented scheme is non blind and embeds hospital logo of 64x64 size.

Keywords: Compression, DWT, ROI, Scrambling, Vertices

Digital Object Identifier (DOI): doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1331913

References:

[1] Na Li; Xiaoshi Zheng; Yanling Zhao; Huimin Liu; Shifeng Li, "Robust Algorithm of Digital Image Watermarking Based on Discrete Wavelet Transform", Electronic Commerce and Security, International Symposium, volume, Issue, 3-5 Aug. 2008, Page(s): 942-945.
[2] D. Osborne, D. Rogers, J. Mazumdar, R. Coutts, D. Abbott. "An Overview of Wavelets for Image Processing for Wireless Applications", Proceedings of SPIE: Smart Strucutres, Devices and Systems, University of Melbourne, Australia, Vol. 4935, pp. 427-435.
[3] Nisar Ahmed Memon, "watermaking of Medical Images for Content Authentication and Copyright Protection", PhD Thesis, GIK Institute of Engineering Sciences and Technology Topi, Swabi, Khyber, Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan, May 2010.
[4] D. OSborne, "Embedded Watermarking for Image Verification in Telemedicine", PhD Thesis, University of Adelaide, 2005.
[5] Malay Kumar Kundu, Sudeb Das, "Lossless ROI MEdical Image Watermarking Technique with Enhanced Security and High Payload Embedding", International conference on Pattern Recognition, 2010, pages: 1457-1460. http://doi.ieeecomputersociety.org/10.1109/ICETET.2010.12.
[6] Ahmad Nilchi1, Ayoub Taher,” A New Robust Digital Image Watermarking Technique based on the Discrete Cosine Transform and Neural Network”, pp:1 – 7, April 2008.
[7] M.S. Hsieh, and D.C. Tseng, "Hiding digital watermarks using multi resolution Wavelet transform”, IEEE Transactions on industrial electronics, vol:48, No:5, pp:875-882, Oct, 2001.
[8] H. Guo, and N. Georganas, "Multi-resolution Image Watermarking Scheme in the Spectrum Domain,” Proceeding of IEEE Canadian Conference on Electrical and Computer Engineering, pp. 873 May, 2002.
[9] Wang, S. and Y. Lin, "Wavelet Tree Quantization for Copyright Protection Watermarking,” IEEE Trans. Image Processing, vol. 13, no. 2, pp: 154-164, 2004.
[10] Ramani K.; Prasad E.V, Varadarajan S.; Subramanyam A,"A Robust Watermarking Scheme for Information Hiding", Advanced Computing and Communications, 16th International Conference, 14-17 Dec. 2008 pp:58 – 64.
[11] V.R. Ratnaparkhe, R.R.Manthalkar and Y.V.Joshi, "Texture Characterization of CT images Based on Ridgelet Transform”, ICGST International Journal on Graphics, Vision and Image Processing, GVIP,Volume 8, 2008, pages:43-50.
[12] M.S. Joshi, R.R. Manthalkar, Y.V.Joshi,’ Image Compression Using Curvelet, Wavelet and Ridgelet Transform: A Comparative study’ ,ICGST GVIP, ISSN 1687-398X, Volume 8, Issue III, October 2008, Pages: 25-34.
[13] Na Li; Xiaoshi Zheng; Yanling Zhao; Huimin Wu; Shifeng Li , "Robust Algorithm of Digital Image Watermarking Based on Discrete Wavelet Transform”, Electronic Commerce and Security, International Symposium ,Volume, Issue , 3-5 Aug. 2008 , Page(s): 942-945.
[14] Wang Hongjun, Li Na,” An algorithm of digital image watermark based on multiresolution wavelet analysis”, International Workshop on VLSI Design and Video Technology, Proceedings, 28-30 May 2005, pp: 272-275
[15] Krishnan, N. Selvakumar, R.K. Rajapandian, S. Arul Mozhi, K. Nelson Kennedy Babu, ”A Wavelet Transform Based Digital Image Watermarking and Authentication”, Annual IEEE Conference, in India, 15-17 Sept. 2006, pp: 1-6
[16] Abu-Errub, A., Al-Haj, A.,”Optimized DWT-based image watermarking”, First International Conference on Applications of Digital Information and Web Technologies, IEEE,2008, 4-6.
[17] Ramani, E Prasad, S Varadarajan, "Stenography using BPCS to the integer wavelet transform”, IJCSNS international journal of Computer science and network security, vol-7, No: 7 July 2007.
[18] Saied Amirgholipour Kasmani, Ahmadreza Naghsh-Nilchi, "A New Robust Digital Image Watermarking Technique Based on Joint DWT-DCT Transformation”, Convergence and Hybrid Information Technology, 2008. ICCIT '08. Third International Conference, 11-13 Nov. 2008, Volume: 2, pp: 539-544.
[19] Ingemar J. Cox, Joe Kiliany, Tom Leightonz and Talal Shimon, "Secure Spread Spectrum Watermarking for Multimedia”, IEEE Trans. on Image Processing, 6, 12, 1673-1687, (1997).
[20] Harsh Varma, Abhishek Singh, Raman Kumar , "Robustness of Digital Image Watermarking Techniques against brightness and rotation attacks”, (IJCSIS) International Journal of Computer Science and Information Security, Vol No:1, 2009.
[21] Saied Amirgholipour Kasmani, Ahmadreza Naghsh-Nilchi, "A New Robust Digital Image Watermarking Technique Based on Joint DWT-DCT Transformation”, Convergence and Hybrid Information Technology, 2008. ICCIT '08. Third International Conference, 11-13 Nov. 2008, Volume: 2, pp: 539-544.