The Effect of Sowing Time on Phytopathogenic Characteristics and Yield of Sunflower Hybrids

Authors: Adrienn Novák

Abstract:

The field research was carried out at the Látókép AGTC KIT research area of the University of Debrecen in Eastern-Hungary, on the area of the aeolain loess of the Hajdúság. We examined the effects of the sowing time on the phytopathogenic characteristics and yield production by applying various fertilizer treatments on two different sunflower genotypes (NK Ferti, PR64H42) in 2012 and 2013. We applied three different sowing times (early, optimal, late) and two different treatment levels of fungicides (control = no fungicides applied, double fungicide protection).

During our investigations, the studied cropyears were of different sowing time optimum in terms of yield amount (2012: early, 2013: average). By Pearson’s correlation analysis, we have found that delaying the sowing time pronouncedly decreased the extent of infection in both crop years (Diaporthe: r=0.663**, r=0.681**, Sclerotinia: r=0.465**, r=0.622**). The fungicide treatment not only decreased the extent of infection, but had yield increasing effect too (2012: r=0.498**, 2013: r=0.603**). In 2012, delaying of the sowing time increased (r=0.600**), but in 2013, it decreased (r= 0.356*) the yield amount.

Keywords: Fungicide treatment, genotypes, sowing time, yield, sunflower.

Digital Object Identifier (DOI): doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1092018

References:

[1] Treitz M., "Napraforgó hibridek rezisztencia-vizsgálata a Diaporthe helianthi (Muntanola-Cvetkovic et al.) kórokozó gombával szemben.” Doktori értekezés, Keszthely, 2003
[2] Zsombik L., "A napraforgó termesztésének helyzete, a hybrid megválasztás fontosabb kérdései” Agrárágazat. 2006. 7. 1. 22 – 24 p..
[3] Allam, A. Y. - El-Nagar, G. R. – Galal, A. H., "Response of two sunflower hybrids to planting dates and densities.” Acta Agronomica Hungarica. 2003. 51. 1. 25-35.
[4] F. Harper, R. C. Fergusson, "The effects of bitumen mulch and sowing date on the establishment and yield of oil-seed sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.)” Journal of Agricultural Sciences 1979. vol. 93. no. 1. 171-180.
[5] J. Surovcík, "Yield reaction of sunflower (Helianthus annuus) to sowing time and weed treatment” Vedecké Práce Výskumného Ústavu Rastlinnej Výroby Piešt'any. 30. Piešt'any: VýskumnýÚstav Rastlinnej Výroby Pieš'tany. 2001. 97-102.
[6] Zsombik L. – Szabó A. (2007): "A napraforgó növényvédelmének fontosabb szempontjai.” Agrárágazat. 2007. 8. 4. 28-30. p 6.
[7] Ruzsányi L., Csajbók J., "Termésstabilitás és az évjárat kölcsönhatása a fontosabb szántóföldi növényeinknél.” Agrártudományi Közlemények = Acta Agraria Debreceniensis. 2001. 2. sz. 41-46. p.
[8] Szabó A. – Pepó P., "Effect of agrotechnical and meteorological factors on yield formation in sunflower production.” Cereal Research Communications. 2005. 33. 1. 49-52.
[9] Pepó P., "A napraforgó növényvédelme.” Magyar mezőgazdaság. 2010. 22-25. p.