3-D Reconstruction of Objects Using Digital Fringe Projection: Survey and Experimental Study

Authors: R. Talebi, A. Abdel-Dayem, J. Johnson

Abstract:

Three-dimensional reconstruction of small objects has been one of the most challenging problems over the last decade. Computer graphics researchers and photography professionals have been working on improving 3D reconstruction algorithms to fit the high demands of various real life applications. Medical sciences, animation industry, virtual reality, pattern recognition, tourism industry, and reverse engineering are common fields where 3D reconstruction of objects plays a vital role. Both lack of accuracy and high computational cost are the major challenges facing successful 3D reconstruction. Fringe projection has emerged as a promising 3D reconstruction direction that combines low computational cost to both high precision and high resolution. It employs digital projection, structured light systems and phase analysis on fringed pictures. Research studies have shown that the system has acceptable performance, and moreover it is insensitive to ambient light. This paper presents an overview of fringe projection approaches. It also presents an experimental study and implementation of a simple fringe projection system. We tested our system using two objects with different materials and levels of details. Experimental results have shown that, while our system is simple, it produces acceptable results.

Keywords: Digital fringe projection, 3D reconstruction, phase unwrapping, phase shifting.

Digital Object Identifier (DOI): doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1061164

References:

[1] Rowe SH, Welford WT. "Surface Topography Of Non-Optical Surfaces By Projected Interference Fringe," Nature (London), 1967.
[2] S.S. Gorthi, P. Rastogi, "Fringe Projection Techniques: Whither We Are? ", Optics And Lasers In Engineering,2010,48(2)133-140.
[3] J.-F. Lin, X-Y. Su, "Two-Dimensional Fourier Transform Profilometry For The Automatic Measurement Of Three-Dimensional Object Shapes", Opt. Eng, 1995, 34 (11) 3297-3302.
[4] X. Su, W. Chen, "Fourier Transform Profilometry: A Review", Opt. Laser Eng, 2001, 35 (5)263-284.
[5] F. Berryman, P. Pynsent, J. Cubillo, "The Effect Of Windowing In Fourier Transform Profilometry Applied To Noisy Images," Opt. Laser Eng, 2001, 41 (6) 815-825.
[6] M. A. Gdeisat, D. R. Burton, M. J. Lalor, "Eliminating The Zero Spectrum In Fourier Transform Profilometry Using A Two-Dimensional Continuous Wavelet Transform", Opt. Commun, 2006, 266 (2) 482-489.
[7] P. J. Tavares, M. A. Vaz, "Orthogonal Projection Technique For Resolution Enhancement Of The Fourier Transform Fringe Analysis Method," Opt. Commun, 2006, 266 (2) 465-468.
[8] S. Li, X. Su, W. Chen, L. Xiang, "Eliminating The Zero Spectrum In Fourier Transform Profilometry Using Empirical Mode Decomposition," J. Opt. Soc. Am,2009, A 26 (5) 1195-1201.
[9] M. Dai, Y. Wang, "Fringe Extrapolation Technique Based On Fourier Transform For Interferogram Analysis With The Definition," Opt. Lett, 2009, 34 (7) 956-958.
[10] S. Vanlanduit, J. Vanherzeele, P. Guillaume, B. Cauberghe, P. Verboven, "Fourier Fringe Processing By Use Of An Interpolated Fourier-Transform Technique", Appl. Opt, 2004, 43 (27) 5206-5213.
[11] A. Dursun, S. Ozder, F. N. Ecevit, "Continuous Wavelet Transform Analysis Of Projected Fringe Patterns," Meas. Sci. Techn, 2004 15 (9) 1768-1772.
[12] J. Zhong, J. Weng, "Spatial Carrier-Fringe Pattern Analysis By Means Of Wavelet Transform: Wavelet Transform Profilometry," Appl. Opt, 2004 43 (26) 4993-4998.
[13] M. A. Gdeisat, D. R. Burton, M. J. Lalor, "Spatial Carrier Fringe Pattern Demodulation By Use Of A Two-Dimensional Continuous Wavelet Transform," Appl. Opt, 2006, 45 (34) 8722-8732.
[14] X. Su, G. Von Bally, D. Vukicevic, "Phase-Stepping Grating Profilometry: Utilization Of Intensity Modulation Analysis In Complex Objects Evaluation," Opt. Commun, 1993, 98 (1-3) 141-150.
[15] QuanC, He XY, Wang CF, Tay CJ, Shang HM. "Shape Measurement Of Small Objects Using LCD Fringe Projection With Phase Shifting," Opt Commun 2001.
[16] F. Berryman, P. Pynsent, J. Cubillo, "A Theoretical Comparison Of Three Fringe Analysis Methods For Determining The Three- Dimensional Shape Of An Object In The Presence Of Noise," Opt. Laser Eng, 2003, 39 (1) 35-50.
[17] M. A. Sutton, W. Zhao, S. R. Mcneill, H.W. Schreier, Y. J. Chao, "Development And Assessment Of A Single-Image Fringe Projection Method For Dynamic Applications, "Experimental Mechanics, 2001 41 (3) 205-217.
[18] M. A. Gdeisat, D. R. Burton, M. J. Lalor, "Eliminating The Zero Spectrum In Fourier Transform Profilometry Using A Two-Dimensional Continuous Wavelet Transform," Opt, Commun, 2006, 266 (2) 482-489.
[19] X. Su, W. "Chen, Fourier Transform Profilometry: A Review," Opt. Laser Eng, 2001 35 (5) 263-284.
[20] Y. Tangy, W. Chen, X. Su, L. Xiang, "Neural Network Applied To Reconstruction Of Complex Objects Based On Fringe Projection," Opt. Commun, 2007 278 (2) 274-278.
[21] Zhang S, Huang P. S, "High-Resolution, Real-Time Three-Dimensional Shape Measurement," Opt. Eng, 2006 45 (12) 123601.
[22] Malat S.,"A wavelet tour of signal processing," Academic Press,1999.
[23] Abid A. Z. A, "Fringe Pattern Analysis Using Wavelet Transforms," Phd Thesis, Liverpool John Moores University, 2008.
[24] Takeda M., Ina H., Kobayashi S. "Fourier-Transform Of Fringe Pattern Analysis For Computer-Based Topography And Interferometry," Journal Of Optical Society Of America,1982, Vol.72, No 1, Pp. 156-160.
[25] Bone D.J., Bachor H.A., Sandeman R.J., "Fringe-Pattern Analysis Using A 2-D Fourier Transform," Applied Optics,1986, Vol.25, No.10, 15 May.
[26] Burton D.R, Lalor M.J. "Multichannel Fourier Fringe Analysis As An Aid To Automatic Phase Unwrapping," Applied Optics,1994, 33(14):2939-48.
[27] Skydan O.A., Lalor M.J. And Burton D.R., "Technique For Phase Measurement And Surface Reconstruction By Use Of Colored Structured Light," Applied Optics,2001.
[28] Hovorov V, "A New Method For The Measurement Of Large Objects Using A Moving Sensor, "Phd Thesis, Liverpool John Moores University, 2008.