Intelligent Caching in on-demand Routing Protocol for Mobile Adhoc Networks

Authors: Shobha.K.R., K. Rajanikanth

Abstract:

An on-demand routing protocol for wireless ad hoc networks is one that searches for and attempts to discover a route to some destination node only when a sending node originates a data packet addressed to that node. In order to avoid the need for such a route discovery to be performed before each data packet is sent, such routing protocols must cache routes previously discovered. This paper presents an analysis of the effect of intelligent caching in a non clustered network, using on-demand routing protocols in wireless ad hoc networks. The analysis carried out is based on the Dynamic Source Routing protocol (DSR), which operates entirely on-demand. DSR uses the cache in every node to save the paths that are learnt during route discovery procedure. In this implementation, caching these paths only at intermediate nodes and using the paths from these caches when required is tried. This technique helps in storing more number of routes that are learnt without erasing the entries in the cache, to store a new route that is learnt. The simulation results on DSR have shown that this technique drastically increases the available memory for caching the routes discovered without affecting the performance of the DSR routing protocol in any way, except for a small increase in end to end delay.

Keywords: Caching, DSR, on demand routing, MANET.

Digital Object Identifier (DOI): doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1334860

References:

[1] Internet Engineering Task Force MANET Working Group.Mobile Adhoc Networks (Manet) Charter. Available at http://www.ietf.org/html.charters/manet-charter.html.
[2] Asis Nasipuri, Mobile Adhoc networks, Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, The University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC 28223-0001.
[3] C. E. Perkins, Ad hoc Networking, Addison-Wesley, 2001.
[4] D. Johnson, Rice University;Y.Hu,UIUC and D.Maltz ,Microsoft Research The Dynamic Source Routing Protocol (DSR) for Mobile Ad Hoc Networks for IPv4, February 2007 http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc4728.txt .
[5] C. Perkins and S. Das, Ad Hoc On Demand Distance Vector (AODV) Routing IETF, Internet Draft, draft-ietf-manet-aodv-13, RFC 3561, February 2003.
[6] Z. Haas, M. Pearlman, and P. Samar, Zone routing protocol(ZRP), Internet Draft, Internet Engineering Task Force, Jan.2001, http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-manet-zoneierp-00.txt.
[7] S. Bradner, Temporally-ordered routing algorithm (TORA) Routing IETF, Internet Draft, draft-ietf-manet-tora-spec-04.txt, RFC 2026, July 2001.
[8] Y. Kuo, and N. H. Vaidya, "Location-Aided Routing (LAR) Mobile Ad Hoc Networks," in Proceedings of the International Conference on Mobile Computing and Networking (MobiCom-98), Oct.1998.
[9] David B. Johnson and David A. Maltz, " Dynamic Source Routing in Ad Hoc Wireless Networks," In Mobile Computing, chapter 5, pages 153 - 181.Kulwar Academic Publishers,1996.
[10] Scott Carsom and Joseph Macker, Mobile Ad hoc Networking (MANET): Routing Protocol Performance Issues and Evaluation Considerations, internet draft, January 1999 http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2501.txt .
[11] M. Marina and S. Das, "Performance of route caching strategies in dynamic source routing," in Proceedings of the 2nd Wireless Networking and Mobile Computing Workshop, Apr. 2001.
[12] Wenjing Lou and Yuguang Fang,"Predictive Caching Strategy for On- Demand Routing Protocols in Wireless Ad Hoc Networks," Wireless Networks Laboratory (WINET), Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611,USA, Wireless Networks 8, 671-679, 2002.
[13] X. Y. Hong, K. X. Xu, and M. Gerla, "Scalable Routing Protocols for Mobile Ad Hoc Networks," IEEE Network, July-Aug.2002, pp. 11-21
[14] K. X. Xu, X. Y. Hong, and M. Gerla, "An Ad Hoc Network with Mobile Backbones," Proc.IEEE ICC-2002, vol.5, Apr.-May 2002, pp. 3138-43.
[15] Roberto Beraldi and Roberto Baldoni, "A Caching Scheme for Routing in Mobile Ad Hoc Networks and Its Application to ZRP," IEEE transactions on computers, vol. 52, No. 8,August 2003.
[16] Joonho Cho, Seungtaek Oh, Jaemyoung Kim, Hyeong Ho Lee, and Joonwon Lee, "Neighbor caching in multi-hop wireless ad hoc networks," IEEE Communications Letters, Volume 7, Issue Nov. 2003 , Page(s):525 - 527.
[17] Sunsook Jung, Nisar Hundewale,and Alex Zelikovsky, "Node Caching Enhancement of Reactive Ad Hoc Routing Protocols," IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference, 2005 .
[18] LiangZhong Yin and Guohong Cao, "Supporting cooperative caching in ad hoc networks," IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing, Volume 5, Issue 1, Jan. 2006 Page(s):77-89.
[19] Jorge Nuevo,Comprehensible Glomosim Tutorial Compilation, Inrs - Universite Du Quebec. Mail to:[email protected] .
[20] J. Broch, D. Maltz, D. Johnson, Y.-C. Hu, and J. Jetcheva, "A performance comparison of multi-hop wireless ad hoc network routing protocols," In Proceedings of IEEE/ACM MOBICOM-98, pages 85-97, October 1998.
[21] Mieso K. Denko and Jun Tian, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, N1G 2W1,Canada, "Cooperative Caching with Adaptive Prefetching in Mobile Ad Hoc Networks," IEEE 2006.
[22] Yi-Wei Ting and Yeim-Kuan Chang,"A Novel Cooperative Caching Scheme for Wireless Ad Hoc Networks: GroupCaching," International Conference on Networking Architecture and storage, NAS 2007.