Cellulose Nanocrystals Suspensions as Water-Based Lubricants for Slurry Pump Gland Seals

Authors: Mohammad Javad Shariatzadeh, Dana Grecov

Abstract:

The tribological tests were performed on a new tribometer, in order to measure the coefficient of friction of a gland seal packing material on stainless steel shafts in presence of Cellulose Nanocrystal (CNC) suspension as a sustainable, environmentally friendly, water-based lubricant. To simulate the real situation from the slurry pumps, silica sands were used as slurry particles. The surface profiles after tests were measured by interferometer microscope to characterize the surface wear. Moreover, the coefficient of friction and surface wear were measured between stainless steel shaft and chrome steel ball to investigate the tribological effects of CNC in boundary lubrication region. Alignment of nanoparticles in the CNC suspensions are the main reason for friction and wear reduction. The homogeneous concentrated suspensions showed fingerprint patterns of a chiral nematic liquid crystal. These properties made CNC a very good lubricant additive in water.

Keywords: Gland seal, lubricant additives, nanocrystalline cellulose, water-based lubricants.

Digital Object Identifier (DOI): doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1316873

References:

[1] N. Ridgway, C. Colby, B. ONeill, Slurry pump gland seal wear, Tribology International 42 (11) (2009) 1715–1721.
[2] B. Khorramian, G. Iyer, S. Kodali, P. Natarajan, R. Tupil, Review of antiwear additives for crankcase oils, Wear 169 (1) (1993) 87–95.
[3] M. W. Sulek, T. Wasilewski, Tribological properties of aqueous solutions of alkyl polyglucosides, Wear 260 (1) (2006) 193–204.
[4] A. Tomala, A. Karpinska, W. Werner, A. Olver, H. St¨ori, Tribological properties of additives for water-based lubricants, Wear 269 (11) (2010) 804–810.
[5] H. Lei, W. Guan, J. Luo, Tribological behavior of fullerene–styrene sulfonic acid copolymer as water-based lubricant additive, Wear 252 (3) (2002) 345–350.
[6] R. M. Gresham, The mysterious world of mwf additives, Tribology and Lubrication Technology 62 (9) (2006) 30.
[7] Y. Bao, J. Sun, L. Kong, Effects of nano-sio 2 as water-based lubricant additive on surface qualities of strips after hot rolling, Tribology International 114 (2017) 257–263.
[8] X. M. Dong, J.-F. Revol, D. G. Gray, Effect of microcrystallite preparation conditions on the formation of colloid crystals of cellulose, Cellulose 5 (1) (1998) 19–32.
[9] M.-C. Li, Q. Wu, K. Song, C. F. De Hoop, S. Lee, Y. Qing, Y. Wu, Cellulose nanocrystals and polyanionic cellulose as additives in bentonite water-based drilling fluids: rheological modeling and filtration mechanisms, Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research 55 (1) (2015) 133–143.
[10] Y. C. Ching, M. E. Ali, L. C. Abdullah, K. W. Choo, Y. C. Kuan, S. J. Julaihi, C. H. Chuah, N.-S. Liou, Rheological properties of cellulose nanocrystal-embedded polymer composites: a review, Cellulose 23 (2) (2016) 1011–1030.
[11] M. A. Hubbe, P. Tayeb, M. Joyce, P. Tyagi, M. Kehoe, K. Dimic-Misic, L. Pal, Rheology of nanocellulose-rich aqueous suspensions: A review, BioResources 12 (4) (2017) 9556–9661.
[12] S. Shafiei-Sabet, W. Y. Hamad, S. G. Hatzikiriakos, Rheology of nanocrystalline cellulose aqueous suspensions, Langmuir 28 (49) (2012) 17124–17133.
[13] A. Misra, I. Finnie, On the size effect in abrasive and erosive wear, Wear 65 (3) (1981) 359–373.
[14] C. Salas, T. Nypel¨o, C. Rodriguez-Abreu, C. Carrillo, O. J. Rojas, Nanocellulose properties and applications in colloids and interfaces, Current Opinion in Colloid & Interface Science 19 (5) (2014) 383–396.
[15] J.-F. Revol, H. Bradford, J. Giasson, R. Marchessault, D. Gray, Helicoidal self-ordering of cellulose microfibrils in aqueous suspension, International journal of biological macromolecules 14 (3) (1992) 170–172.
[16] Y. Habibi, L. A. Lucia, O. J. Rojas, Cellulose nanocrystals: chemistry, self-assembly, and applications, Chemical reviews 110 (6) (2010) 3479–3500.
[17] J. J. Magda, S. G. Baek, K. DeVries, R. Larson, Shear flows of liquid crystal polymers: measurements of the second normal stress difference and the doi molecular theory, Macromolecules 24 (15) (1991) 4460–4468.