Detection of Defects in CFRP by Ultrasonic IR Thermographic Method

Authors: W. Swiderski

Abstract:

In the paper introduced the diagnostic technique making possible the research of internal structures in composite materials reinforced fibres using in different applications. The main reason of damages in structures of these materials is the changing distribution of load in constructions in the lifetime. Appearing defect is largely complicated because of the appearance of disturbing of continuity of reinforced fibres, binder cracks and loss of fibres adhesiveness from binders. Defect in composite materials is usually more complicated than in metals. At present, infrared thermography is the most effective method in non-destructive testing composite. One of IR thermography methods used in non-destructive evaluation is vibrothermography. The vibrothermography is not a new non-destructive method, but the new solution in this test is use ultrasonic waves to thermal stimulation of materials. In this paper, both modelling and experimental results which illustrate the advantages and limitations of ultrasonic IR thermography in inspecting composite materials will be presented. The ThermoSon computer program for computing 3D dynamic temperature distribuions in anisotropic layered solids with subsurface defects subject to ulrasonic stimulation was used to optimise heating parameters in the detection of subsurface defects in composite materials. The program allows for the analysis of transient heat conduction and ultrasonic wave propagation phenomena in solids. The experiments at MIAT were fulfilled by means of FLIR SC 7600 IR camera. Ultrasonic stimulation was performed with the frequency from 15 kHz to 30 kHz with maximum power up to 2 kW.

Keywords: Composite material, ultrasonic, infrared thermography, non-destructive testing.

Digital Object Identifier (DOI): doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1315739

References:

[1] K. J. Kurzydlowski, A. Boczkowska, J. Schmidt, K. Konopka, W. Spychalski, “Monitoring of Failures in the composities by non-destructive methods, Polimery, Vol.50, No 4, 2005, pp. 255-261.
[2] W. Swiderski, “Using ultrasonic IR thermography for detecting defects in multilayered composite materials” Proc. of conference WESPAC, 2015.
[3] W. Świderski, P. Hlosta, M. Chuda-Kowalska, “Non-destructive evaluation of sandwich plates by an ultrasonic IR thermographic method”, 13th QIRT Book Series, 2016, pp. 824-831.
[4] W. Swiderski, V. Vavilov, “Ultrasonic IR thermographic inspection of graphite epoxy composite: a comparative study of piezoelectric and magnetostrictive stimulation”, Opto-Electronic review, Vol.23, 2015, pp. 33-36
[5] L. D. Favro, X. Han, Z. Ouyang et al., “IR imaging of cracks excited by an ultrasonic pulse”, Proc. SPIE “Thermosense-XXII, Vol.4020, 2000, pp. 182-185.
[6] M. S. A. Rahaman, A. F. Ismail, A. Mustafa, “A review of heat treatment on polyanylonitrile fiber”, Polimer Degradation and Stability, Vol. 92, 2007, p. 1421-1432.
[7] ThermoSon, Operation Manual, Innovation Ltd., 2015.
[8] C. Homma, M. Rothenfusser, J. Baumann et al. Study of the heat generation mechanism in acoustic thermography. Review of Quantitative Nondestructive Evaluation Vol.25, 2006, pp. 566-573.
[9] A. A. Samarsky, Theory of finite-difference schemes-Moscow, Nauka Publ., 1989, 619 p. (in Russian).
[10] W. Swiderski, “Detecting Corrosion in Metal Elements of Ammunition by IR Thermography Methods”, Proc. of PANNDT 2011
[11] W.Swiderski, M. Pracht, V. Vavilov, D. Derusova, “Using ultrasonic IR thermography for detecting defects in military – oriented polyaramide materials”, Proccedings of the 6th International Conference on Mechanics and Materials in Design, 2015, pp. 2219-2228.
[12] X. P. V. Maldague, Theory and Practice of Infrared Technology for NonDestructive Testing, John Wiley-Interscience, New York 2001, p.78.
[13] W. Derkowski, T. Zych, “Modern composite materials for building structures strengthening”, Czasopismo Techniczne. Budownictwo, Vol. 101 (14-B), 2004, pp. 15-25 (in Polish).