Study of the Potential of Raw Sediments and Sediments Treated with Lime or Cement for Use in a Foundation Layer and the Base Layer of a Roadway

Authors: Nor-Edine Abriak, Mahfoud Benzerzour, Mouhamadou Amar, Abdeljalil Zri

Abstract:

In this work, firstly we have studied the potential of raw sediments and sediments treated with lime or cement for use in a foundation layer and the base layer of a roadway. Secondly, we have examined mineral changes caused by the addition of lime or cement in order to explain the mechanical performance of stabilized sediments. After determining the amount of lime and cement required stabilizing the sediments, the compaction characteristics and Immediate Bearing Capacity (IBI) were studied using the Modified Proctor method. Then, the evolution of the three parameters, which are optimum water content, maximum dry density and IBI, were determined. Mechanical performances can be evaluated through resistance to compression, resistance under traction and the elasticity modulus. The resistances of the formulations treated with ROLAC®645 increase with the amount of ROLAC®645. Traction resistance and the elastic modulus were used to evaluate the potential of the formulations as road construction materials using the classification diagram. The results show that all the other formulations with ROLAC®645 can be used in subgrades and foundation layers for roads.

Keywords: Sediment, lime, cement, roadway.

Digital Object Identifier (DOI): doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1129043

References:

[1] AEAP (Agence de l’Eau Artois Picardie). (2000) - Méthodes de gestion et de réutilisation des sédiments pollués, 126p.
[2] GTR. "Guide technique pour la réalisation des remblais et des couches de forme", fascicule II, LCPC, 1992.
[3] Boutouil M., 1998, Traitement des vases de dragage par solidification/Stabilisation à base de ciment et additifs, thèse de doctorat, Université du Havre, 1998.
[4] Brakni S. (2008) - Première approche vers une valorisation de granulats artificiels à base de sédiments de dragage portuaire: application en génie côtier. PhD Thesis, Université D’Artois, 182p.
[5] NF EN 12879. (2000) - Sludge characterization - Determining ignition loss in dry material
[6] NF P 94-093. December 1993. Determination of soil compaction characteristics: normal Proctor test, modified Proctor test.
[7] Holtz R.D., Kovacs W.D., Lafleur J. (1991) - Introduction à la géotechnique. Éditions de l’École Polytechnique de Montréal, Montréal.
[8] Colin D. (2003) - Valorisation de sédiments fins de dragage en technique routière. Université de Caen Thesis, 181p.
[9] Michaud JR. (1993) - Guide pour l’évaluation et le choix des technologies de traitement des sédiments contaminés. Direction des développements technologiques Catalogue Nº.6: en 40-450/1993F.
[10] NF P 94-100. Soils: Investigation and tests Materials treated with lime and/or hydraulic binders. Evaluation test for the suitability of a soil for treatment. August 1999
[11] Boucard L., 2006, "Valorisation des sédiments fluviaux stabilisés" PhD Thesis, 2006, USTL-Ecole centrale de Lille, 189p.
[12] Kazuhiko A. (1976) – an experimental study on the mixed fine aggregate composed of crushed sand and sea sand. 30th general congress CAJ, Tokyo.
[13] Duan Z., 2008, Caractérisation, stabilisation et solidification de sédiments fins marins, PhD Thesis, Université de Caen, 144p.
[14] NF P 98-114-3. Roadbeds Methodology of a laboratory study of materials treated with hydraulic binders. Part 3: Soils treated with hydraulic binders possibly associated with lime. April 2001
[15] NF P98-232-3. Determining the mechanical characteristics of materials treated with hydraulic binders. Indirect tensile strength test on sands and fine soils. December 1993.
[16] Banfill P.F.G. et Carr M.P. (1987) – The propreties of concrete made with very fine sand concrete n°3.
[17] Ambroise J., Pera J. (1992) - Etude des fillers, Rapport de recherche-développement, Projet national SABLOCRETE-INSA de Lyon, Février 1992, 31p.
[18] NF P94-050. (1995) - Soils: recognition and tests - Determination of water content by weight - Drying method
[19] NF P 18-560. Granulate - Granulometric analysis by sieving, AFNOR, 1990.
[20] XP P 94-047. Soils: investigation and testing-Determination of the organic matter content-Ignition method. Association Française de Normalisation, 1998.
[21]
[21]. GTR. (2000) - Réalisation des remblais de couches de forme, Fascicule I, Principes Généraux, 100 p.
[22] NF P 98-230-2. Preparation of hydraulic binder-treated and untreated soils. Producing sand or fine soil samples using static compression. August 1993
[23] NF P 98-113. November 1994. Roadbeds Sands treated with hydraulic and puzzolanic binders. Definition - Composition - Classification
[24] NF P 94-078. (1997) - Soils: investigation and tests. CBR after immersion. Immediate CBR. Immediate bearing ratio. Measurement on sample compacted in CBR mould.
[25] NF P 98-114-2. Roadbeds Methodology of a laboratory study of materials treated with hydraulic binders. Part 2: Sands treated with hydraulic binders. May 2009.
[26] NF P94-050. (1995) - Soils: recognition and tests - Determination of water content by weight - Drying method
[27] NF P 94-057. May 1992. Soils: investigation and tests - granulometric soil analysis - sedimentation method
[28] NF P94-068. (1998) - Soils: recognition and tests - Measure of the blue methylene adsorption capacity of a soil or rocky material - Determining the blue methylene value of a soil or rocky material with the stain test.
[29]
[29]. NF P 94-051. (1993) - Recognition and tests - determining Atterberg limits - Section 1 - cup liquidity limit method - rolling plastic limit
[30] NF P 94-052-1. (1995) - Recognition and tests - determining Atterberg limits - Section 1 - liquidity limit - Penetration cone method.
[31] NF P 94-054 Sols: reconnaissance et essais - Détermination de la masse volumique des particules solides des sols - Méthode du pycnomètre à eau.
[32] NF P94-041 Sols: reconnaissance et essais – Identification granulométrique - Méthode de tamisage par voie humide.
[33] NF P 98-234-2 Essais relatifs aux chaussées: comportement au gel:. Essai de gonflement au gel des sols, Volume 2.