Impact of Egypt’s Energy Demand on Oil and Gas Power Systems Environment

Authors: Moustafa Osman Mohamed

Abstract:

This paper will explore the influence of energy sector in Arab Republic of Egypt which has shared its responsibilities of many environmental challenges as the second largest economy in the Middle East (after Iran). Air and water pollution, desertification, inadequate disposal of solid waste and damage to coral reefs are serious problems that influence environmental management in Egypt. The intensive reliance of high population density and strong industrial growth are wearing Egypt's resources, and the rapidly-growing population has forced Egypt to breakdown agricultural land to residential and relevant use of commercial ingestion. The depletion effects of natural resources impose the government to apply innovation techniques in emission control and focus on sustainability. The cogeneration will be presented to control thermal losses and increase efficiency of energy power system.

Keywords: Cogeneration, energy indicators, power plant, electricity, environmental loads, environmental impact assessment.

Digital Object Identifier (DOI): doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1339606

References:

[1] Egypt Energy Policy Laws and Regulations Handbook, Volume (1), Strategic Information and Developments, International Business Publication, Washington DC USA – Egypt, 2015.
[2] Global Trade Information Services, Egypt's Central Agency for Public Mobilization and Statistics, accessed May 2015.
[3] Arab Republic of Egypt Ministry of Petroleum last checked online at http://www.petroleum.gov.eg/en/Pages/default.aspx.
[4] U.S. Energy Information Administration, “Country Analysis Brief: Egypt,” 2014.
[5] Business Monitor International (BMI) Research, “Egypt Power Report Q2 2015” and Ventures Onsite, "Orascom, IPIC to build 3000 MW coal fired power plant in Egypt, Red Sea coast," March 17. 2015.
[6] Reuters, "Egypt to begin LNG imports as floating terminal arrives," April 2, 2015.
[7] Batsheva Sobelman, “Israel: Egypt Gas Pipeline Explosion Raises Energy Concerns,” Los Angeles Times, February 5, 2011.
[8] Financial Time internet site http accessed in March 19, 2016 at: http//www.ft.com/cms/s/0/1d1e00fe-28a2-11e5-8db8-c033edba8a6e.html#axzz4CG8sT4ZI
[9] U.S. EPA E-GRID2002 Version 1.0 Released January 2003. (http://www.epa.gov/airmarkets/egrid/index.html)
[10] Nuclear Threat Initiative, “Egypt country profile”, accessed May 2015.
[11] Company Brief - Russia and Egypt sign nuclear power plant deal, February 16, 2015.
[12] Middle East Economic Survey (MEES), "Egypt Outlines 2015-16 Budget Guidelines," (March 27, 2015), volume 58, issue 13
[13] Ministry of Electricity and Energy, New and Renewable Energy Authority (NREA) Annual Report 2012/ 2013
[14] U.S. DOE / EIA 1605 Voluntary Reporting of Greenhouse Gases Appendix G. Adjusted Electricity Emission Factors by State, February, 2016
[15] Lloyd's List Intelligence (APEX), accessed April 2015
[16] WHO Air quality guidelines for particulate matter, ozone, nitrogen dioxide and sulfur dioxide - Global update 2005 - Summary of risk assessment, World Health Organization Regional Office, (WHO Regional Publications, European Se¬ries No. 91), 2005.
[17] EPA's National Emission Trends (NET) database, October 2001 version, EPA Office of Air and Radiation – AIRDATA website (http://www.epa.gov/air/data/geosel.html)
[18] U.S. EPA Office of Air Quality Planning & Standards, AP - 42 Emission Factors Supplement Documents, Update 2002, Website (http://www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/ap42/ap42supp.html)
[19] U.S. National Renewable Energy Laboratory, “Concentrating Solar Power Projects”, accessed May 2015.
[20] Energy Intelligence Group, "Egypt Makes Aggressive pitch to IOCs to help sustain oil output," (May 20, 2014), page 3.