DC-to-DC Converters for Low-Voltage High-Power Renewable Energy Systems

Authors: Abdar Ali, Rizwan Ullah, Zahid Ullah

Abstract:

This paper focuses on the study of DC-to-DC converters, which are suitable for low-voltage high-power applications. The output voltages generated by renewable energy sources such as photovoltaic arrays and fuel cell stacks are generally low and required to be increased to high voltage levels. Development of DC-to-DC converters, which provide high step-up voltage conversion ratios with high efficiencies and low voltage stresses, is one of the main issues in the development of renewable energy systems. A procedure for three converters−conventional DC-to-DC converter, interleaved boost converter, and isolated flyback based converter, is illustrated for a given set of specifications. The selection among the converters for the given application is based on the voltage conversion ratio, efficiency, and voltage stresses.

Keywords: Flyback converter, interleaved boost, photovoltaic array, fuel cell, switch stress, voltage conversion ratio, renewable energy.

Digital Object Identifier (DOI): doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1110694

References:

[1] R. Faranda, S. Leva, and V. Maugeri, “MPPT techniques for pv systems: Energetic and cost comparison,” in Power and Energy Society General Meeting - Conversion and Delivery of Electrical Energy in the 21st Century, 2008 IEEE, July 2008, pp. 1–6.
[2] R. Fiorello, “Powering a 35w DC metal halide high intensity discharge (hid) lamp using the ucc3305 hid lamp controller,” Unitrode Application Handbook U-161, 1995.
[3] J. Akerlund, “-48 v DC computer equipment topology-an emerging technology,” in Telecommunications Energy Conference, 1998. INTELEC. Twentieth International, 1998, pp. 15–21.
[4] L. Huber and M. Jovanovic, “A design approach for server power supplies for networking applications,” in Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition, 2000. APEC 2000. Fifteenth Annual IEEE, vol. 2, 2000, pp. 1163–1169 vol.2.
[5] J. Perkinson, “UPS systems: a review,” in Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition, 1988. APEC ’88. Conference Proceedings 1988., Third Annual IEEE, Feb 1988, pp. 151–154.
[6] D. Oliveira, M. O. TA, and F. L. Tofoli, “A novel interleaved boost converter with high voltage gain for UPS applications,” Congresso Brasileiro de Eletrˆonica de Potˆencia–COBEP, 2007.
[7] X. Huang, X. Wang, T. Nergaard, J.-S. Lai, X. Xu, and L. Zhu, “Parasitic ringing and design issues of digitally controlled high power interleaved boost converters,” Power Electronics, IEEE Transactions on, vol. 19, no. 5, pp. 1341–1352, Sept 2004.
[8] S. Jain and V. Agarwal, “A single-stage grid connected inverter topology for solar PV systems with maximum power point tracking,” Power Electronics, IEEE Transactions on, vol. 22, no. 5, pp. 1928–1940, Sept 2007.
[9] F. soon Kang, S. E. Cho, S.-J. Park, C.-U. Kim, and T. Ise, “A new control scheme of a cascaded transformer type multilevel {PWM} inverter for a residential photovoltaic power conditioning system,” Solar Energy, vol. 78, no. 6, pp. 727 – 738, 2005.
[10] T. Liang, Y. Kuo, and J. Chen, “Single-stage photovoltaic energy conversion system,” Electric Power Applications, IEE Proceedings -, vol. 148, no. 4, pp. 339–344, Jul 2001.
[11] Y. Chen and K. Smedley, “A cost-effective single-stage inverter with maximum power point tracking,” Power Electronics, IEEE Transactions on, vol. 19, no. 5, pp. 1289–1294, Sept 2004.
[12] C. Liu, A. Johnson, and J.-S. Lai, “A novel three-phase high-power soft switched dc/dc converter for low voltage fuel cell applications,” vol. 3, pp. 1365–1371 Vol.3, 2004.
[13] Q. Zhao and F. Lee, “High-efficiency, high step-up DC-DC converters,” Power Electronics, IEEE Transactions on, vol. 18, no. 1, pp. 65–73, Jan 2003.
[14] T. Liang and K. Tseng, “Analysis of integrated boost-flyback step-up converter,” Electric Power Applications, IEE Proceedings -, vol. 152, no. 2, pp. 217–225, March 2005.
[15] T. Dumrongkittigule, V. Tarateeraseth, and W. Khan-ngern, “A new integrated inductor with balanced switching technique for common mode emi reduction in high step-up DC/DC converter,” in Electromagnetic Compatibility, 2006. EMC-Zurich 2006. 17th International Zurich Symposium on, Feb 2006, pp. 541–544.
[16] K.-B. Park, H.-W. Seong, H.-S. Kim, G.-W. Moon, and M.-J. Youn, “Integrated boost-sepic converter for high step-up applications,” in Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2008. PESC 2008. IEEE, June 2008, pp. 944–950.
[17] J.-W. Baek, M.-H. Ryoo, T.-J. Kim, D.-W. Yoo, and J.-S. Kim, “High boost converter using voltage multiplier,” in Industrial Electronics Society, 2005. IECON 2005. 31st Annual Conference of IEEE, Nov 2005, pp. 6 pp.–.
[18] J.-Y. Lee and S.-N. Hwang, “Non-isolated high-gain boost converter using voltage-stacking cell,” Electronics Letters, vol. 44, no. 10, pp. 644–645, May 2008.
[19] O. Krykunov, “Analysis of the extended forward converter for fuel cell applications,” in Industrial Electronics, 2007. ISIE 2007. IEEE International Symposium on, June 2007, pp. 661–666.