Search results for: Nazerke Begdildayeva

Authors: Nazerke Begdildayeva, Askhat Khalbayev, Aikerim Ospanova

Abstract:

Aim: This study aimed to assess the effects of Lactobacillus paracasei SH1 supplementation, isolated from shubat (a traditional fermented dairy product), on broiler chickens' resistance to Salmonella typhimurium and its impact on growth performance. Introduction: Probiotic use in poultry farming is an emerging alternative to antibiotics, addressing concerns about resistance and food safety. Probiotics can enhance gut health, support the immune system, and mitigate pathogen colonization. Fermented dairy products like shubat are known for their rich microbial diversity, making them a valuable source of probiotic strains. This study investigates how probiotics derived from shubat influence broiler health and growth when exposed to Salmonella typhimurium. Methods: The study involved 80 broiler chickens divided into four groups (20 chickens per group), monitored over a 42-day period. Each group underwent different treatments to evaluate the effects of Lactobacillus paracasei SH1 supplementation and Salmonella typhimurium exposure: Group 1: Control group. This group did not receive L. paracasei SH1 supplementation or S. typhimurium exposure, serving as the baseline for comparison. Group 2: Probiotics + Salmonella group. Chickens in this group were supplemented with L. paracasei SH1 at a dose of 1×10⁸ CFU/day for 42 days. On the 21th day, they were exposed to S. typhimurium (1×10⁷ CFU) to evaluate the combined effects of probiotics and a pathogen challenge. Group 3: Probiotics-only group. This group received probiotic supplementation (L. paracasei SH1, 1×10⁸ CFU/day) for the entire 42-day period but was not exposed to S. typhimurium. Group 4: Salmonella group. Chickens in this group were exposed to S. typhimurium (1×10⁷ CFU) on the 21st day without any probiotic supplementation. Results: Average body weights also differed across the groups; however, the differences were not statistically significant (p > 0.05). Group 3 (Probiotics-only group) achieved the highest average weight (2907 g), followed by Group 1 (Control group) (2860 g), Group 2 (Probiotics + Salmonella group) (2833 g), and Group 4 (Salmonella group) (2727 g). Mortality was also recorded. Mortality by the end of experiment was 2 deaths in Control and Salmonella groups. Probiotics + Salmonella group and Probiotics-only group had 1 death in each. Conclusion: These findings suggest that while probiotics may influence growth performance, the observed variations in body weight require further investigation to confirm their statistical and practical significance. L. paracasei SH1, isolated from shubat, demonstrated significant potential in improving broiler survival during S. typhimurium exposure, confirming its protective role. Slight reductions in growth highlight the need for optimizing probiotic dosages and formulations.

Keywords: broiler chickens, growth performance, Salmonella, Shubat, probiotics

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Authors: Bolatbek Rysbaiuly, Nazerke Rysbayeva, Aigerim Rysbayeva

Abstract:

Relevance: Energy saving elevated to public policy in almost all developed countries. One of the areas for energy efficiency is improving and tightening design standards. In the tie with the state standards, make high demands for thermal protection of buildings. Constructive arrangement of layers should ensure normal operation in which the humidity of materials of construction should not exceed a certain level. Elevated levels of moisture in the walls can be attributed to a defective condition, as moisture significantly reduces the physical, mechanical and thermal properties of materials. Absence at the design stage of modeling the processes occurring in the construction and predict the behavior of structures during their work in the real world leads to an increase in heat loss and premature aging structures. Method: To solve this problem, widely used method of mathematical modeling of heat and mass transfer in materials. The mathematical modeling of heat and mass transfer are taken into the equation interconnected layer [1]. In winter, the thermal and hydraulic conductivity characteristics of the materials are nonlinear and depends on the temperature and moisture in the material. In this case, the experimental method of determining the coefficient of the freezing or thawing of the material becomes much more difficult. Therefore, in this paper we propose an approximate method for calculating the thermal conductivity and moisture permeability characteristics of freezing or thawing material. Questions. Following the development of methods for solving the inverse problem of mathematical modeling allows us to answer questions that are closely related to the rational design of fences: Where the zone of condensation in the body of the multi-layer fencing; How and where to apply insulation rationally his place; Any constructive activities necessary to provide for the removal of moisture from the structure; What should be the temperature and humidity conditions for the normal operation of the premises enclosing structure; What is the longevity of the structure in terms of its components frost materials. Tasks: The proposed mathematical model to solve the following problems: To assess the condition of the thermo-physical designed structures at different operating conditions and select appropriate material layers; Calculate the temperature field in a structurally complex multilayer structures; When measuring temperature and moisture in the characteristic points to determine the thermal characteristics of the materials constituting the surveyed construction; Laboratory testing to significantly reduce test time, and eliminates the climatic chamber and expensive instrumentation experiments and research; Allows you to simulate real-life situations that arise in multilayer enclosing structures associated with freezing, thawing, drying and cooling of any layer of the building material.

Keywords: energy saving, inverse problem, heat transfer, multilayer walling

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