Kinematic Parameters for Asa River Routing

Authors: A. O. Ogunlela, B. Adelodun

Abstract:

Flood routing is used in estimating the travel time and attenuation of flood waves as they move downstream a river or channel. The routing procedure is usually classified as hydrologic or hydraulic. Hydraulic methods utilize the equations of continuity and motion. Kinematic routing, a hydraulic technique was used in routing Asa River at Ilorin. The river is of agricultural and industrial importance to Ilorin, the capital of Kwara State, Nigeria. This paper determines the kinematic parameters of kinematic wave velocity, time step, time required to traverse, weighting factor and change in length. Values obtained were 4.67 m/s, 19 secs, 21 secs, 0.75 and 100 m, respectively. These parameters adequately reflect the watershed and flow characteristics essential for the routing. The synthetic unit hydrograph was developed using the Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) method. 24-hr 10yr, 25yr, 50yr and 100yr storm hydrographs were developed from the unit hydrograph using convolution procedures and the outflow hydrographs were obtained for each of 24-hr 10yr, 25yr, 50yr and 100yr indicating 0.11 m³/s, 0.10 m³/s, 0.10 m³/s and 0.10 m³/s attenuations respectively.

Keywords: Asa River, Kinematic parameters, Routing

Digital Object Identifier (DOI): doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1094627

References:

[1] D. L. Fread, "Flood routing: A synopsis of past, present, and future capability,” Proceeding International Symposium Rainfall-Runoff Modelling. Mississippi, USA, 1981.
[2] R. K. Linsley, M. A. Kohler, and J. L. H. Paulhus, "Hydrology for Engineers.” McGraw-Hill New York, USA, 1989.
[3] United States Army Corps of Engineers (USACE), "Flood runoff analysis,” (EM 1110-2-1417), 1994.
[4] F. M. Henderson, "Open channel flow.” Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, New Jersey, 1996.
[5] B. N. Wilson, and J. R. Ruffini, Comparison of physically-based Muskingum methods. Transactions of the ASAE, 31(1), pp. 91-97, 1988.
[6] W. Viessman, G.L. Lewis, J. W. Knapp and T. E. Harbough, "Introduction to Hydrology.” Harper and Row Publishers, New York, USA, 1989.
[7] M. P. Wanielista, "Hydrology and Water Quality Control.” John Wiley and Sons. Inc. USA, 1990.
[8] V. P. Singh, "Is hydrology kinematic?” Hydrol. Process, 16, pp. 667-716, 2002.
[9] G. B. Witham, "Linear and Nonlinear Waves.” John Wiley and Sons, New Jersey, 1974.
[10] J. E. Miller, "Basic concepts of kinematic wave models.” United States Geological Survey Professional Paper, 1302, pp. 29, 1984.
[11] W. G. Field, "Kinematic Wave Theory of Catchment Response with Storage.” Journal of Hydrology, 55, pp. 279 – 301, 1982.
[12] W. G. Field and B. J. Williams, "A generalized kinematic catchment model.” Water Resources Research, 23, pp. 1693-1696, 1987.
[13] N. Sriwongsitanon, J. E. Ball and I. Cordery, "An investigation of the relationship between the flood wave speed and parameters in runoff-routing models.” Hydrological Sciences Journal, 43, pp. 197-213, 1998.
[14] F. M. Henderson and R. A. Wooding, "Overland flow and groundwater flow from a steady rainfall of finite duration.” J. Geophys. Res., 69(8), pp. 1531-1540, 1964.
[15] V. P. Singh, "Hydraulic sytems. Rainfall-Runoff Modeling.” Prentice Hall, Eaglewood Cliffs, New Jersey, 1988.
[16] D. A. Woolhiser, R. E. Smith and J. V. Giraldez, "Effects of spatial variability of saturated hydraulic conductivity on Hortonian overland flow.” Water Resources Research, 32, pp. 671-678, 1996.
[17] J. C. Y.Guo, "Kinematic wave unit hydrograph for storm water prediction.” ASCE J. of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering, 132(4), 410-417, 2005.
[18] A. O. Ogunlela and B. Adelodun, "Kinematic flood routing of Asa River, Ilorin, Nigeria.” International Journal of Engineering and Technical Research, 2(3), pp. 13-17, 2014.
[19] G. Tayfur and T. Moramarco, "Predicting hourly-based flow discharge hydrographs from level data using genetic algorithms.” Journal of Hydrology, 352, pp. 77-93, 2007.
[20] R. Moussa and C. Bocquillon, "Criteria for the choice of flood routing methods in natural channels.” Journal of Hydrology, 186(1-4), pp. 1-30, 1996.
[21] L. A. Camachoand M. J. Lees, "Multilinear discrete lag-cascade model for channel routing.” Journal of Hydrology, 226, 30-47, 1999.
[22] R. Courant, K. Friedrichs, and H. Lewy, "On the partial difference equations of Mathematical Physics.” IBM Journal of Research and Development, 11(2), pp. 215-234, 1967.
[23] J. C. Y. Guo, and J. W. Hinds, "Numerical criteria for stable kinematic wave overland flow solution.” Submitted to ASCE J. of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering, JRNIRENG-S-13-00290, August 2013.
[24] M. H. Chaudhry, "Applied Hydraulic Transients.” Van Nostrand Reinhold Company, New York, 1987.
[25] K. O. Ibrahim, I. A. Okunlola, and A. Abdurrahman, "Trace metal indices in the characterization of hydrogeochemicalcondition of surface water along Asa River, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria.” International Journal of Geology, Earth and Environmental Sciences, 3(1), pp. 29-35, 2013.
[26] I. E. Ahaneku, and I. M. Animashaun, Determination of water quality index of river Asa, Ilorin, Nigeria. Advances in Applied Science Research, 4(6), pp. 277-284, 2013.
[27] J. C. Y. Guo, "Overland flow on a pervious surface.” IWRA International J. of Water, 23(2), pp. 1-8, 1998.
[28] P. B. Bedient, W. C. Huber, and B. E. Vieux, "Hydrology and floodplain analysis.” Prentice-Hall, New Jersey, 2008.
[29] R. Barati, S. Rahimi, and H. G. Akbari, "Analysis of dynamic wave model for flood routing in natural rivers.” Journal of Water Science and Engineering, 5(3), pp. 243-258, 2012.
[30] Kwara State Water Corporation, "The Sectional Geometry and other Hydraulic Properties of Asa River, Ilorin, Kwara State.” 1985.