Analysis of Sulphur-Oxidizing Bacteria Attack on Concrete Based On Waste Materials

Authors: A. Eštoková, M. Kovalčíková, A. Luptáková, A. Sičáková, M. Ondová

Abstract:

Concrete durability as an important engineering property of concrete, determining the service life of concrete structures very significantly, can be threatened and even lost due to the interactions of concrete with external environment. Bio-corrosion process caused by presence and activities of microorganisms producing sulphuric acid is a special type of sulphate deterioration of concrete materials. The effects of sulphur-oxidizing bacteria Acidithiobacillus thiooxidans on various concrete samples, based on silica fume and zeolite, were investigated in laboratory during 180 days. A laboratory study was conducted to compare the performance of concrete samples in terms of the concrete deterioration influenced by the leaching of calcium and silicon compounds from the cement matrix. The changes in the elemental concentrations of calcium and silicon in both solid samples and liquid leachates were measured by using X – ray fluorescence method. Experimental studies confirmed the silica fume based concrete samples were found out to have the best performance in terms of both silicon and calcium ions leaching.

Keywords: Bio-corrosion, concrete, leaching, bacteria.

Digital Object Identifier (DOI): doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1092928

References:

[1] V. Zivica, A. Bajza, "Acidic attack of cement based materials - a review: Part 1. Principle of acidic attack” in Construction and Building Materials, vol. 15, issue 8, 2001, pp. 331–340.
[2] ACI Committee 201. Quid to durable concrete, American Concrete Institute, Report of ACI Committee, ACI 201.2R-77, DETER, Detroit, 1982, p. 37
[3] Comite Euro-International du Beton. ‘Durability of Concrete Structures: State-of-Art Report’. Bulletin d'Information, No.148, Paris, 1982, p. 328.
[4] Comite Euro-International du Beton. ‘Durable Concrete Structures: CEB Design Quide’, Bulletin d'Information, No. 182, Lausanne, 1989, p. 268.
[5] C.R. Ecob, E.S. King, "Aggressive underground environment: factors affecting durability of structure and specification of appropriate protective systems” in Proc. of the Int. Conf. University of Dundee, 1990, pp. 507–517.
[6] J. Monteny, E. Vincke, A. Beeldens, N. De Belie, L. Taerwe, D. Van Gemert, W. Verstraete, "Chemical, microbiological, and in situ test methods for biogenic sulfuric acid corrosion of concrete”, in Cement and Concrete Research, 2000, vol. 30, no. 4, pp. 623-634.
[7] T. Mori, T. Nonaka, K. Tazaki, M. Koga, Y. Hikosaka, S. Noda, "Interactions of nutrients, moisture and pH on microbial corrosion of concrete sewer pipes”, in Water Research, 1992, vol. 26, no. 1, pp.29-37.
[8] J. Skalny, J. Marchand, I. Odler, "Sulfate attack on concrete”, London, Spon Press, 2002, ch. 4.
[9] Z.T. Chang, X.J. Song, R. Munn, M. Marosszeky, "Using limestone aggregates and different cements for enhancing resistance of concrete to sulfuric acid attack”, in Cement and Concrete Research, 2005, vol. 35, no.8, pp.1486-1494.
[10] M.T. Bassuoni, M.L. Nehdi, "Resistance of self-consolidating concrete to sulfuric acid attack with consecutive pH reduction”, in Cement and Concrete Research, 2007, vol. 37, no. 7, pp.1070-1084.
[11] Building Research Establishment. BRE Special Digest 1, Concrete in aggressive ground. Part 2: Specifying the concrete and additional protective measures. 2nd Edition; 2003.
[12] J. Hill, E.A. Byars, J.H. Sharp, C.J. Lynsdale, J.C. Cripps, Q. Zhou, "An experimental study of combined acid and sulfate attack of concrete”, in Cement and Concrete Composites, 2003, vol. 25, no. 8, pp. 997-1003.
[13] D. Nica, J.L. Davis, L. Kirby, G. Zuo, D.J. Roberts, "Isolation and characterization of microorganisms involved in the biodeterioration of concrete in sewers”, in International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation, 2000, vol. 46, pp. 61–68.
[14] C.D. Parker, "The isolation of a species of bacterium associated with the corrosion of concrete exposed to atmospheres containing hydrogen sulfide”, in Australian Journal of Experimental Biology & Medical Science, 1945, vol. 23, pp. 81-90.
[15] A.F. Idriss, S.C. Negi, J.C. Jofriet, G.L. Hayward, "Corrosion of steel reinforcement in mortar specimens exposed to hydrogen sulfide, Part 1: Impressed voltage and electrochemical potential tests”, in Journal of Agricultural Engineering Research, 2001, vol. 79, no. 3, pp.223-230.
[16] E. Vincke, S. Verstichel, J. Monteny, W. Verstraete, "A new test procedure for biogenic sulfuric acid corrosion of concrete”, in Biodegradation, 1999, vol .10, no. 6, pp. 421-428.
[17] E.K. Attiogbe, S.H. Rizkalla, "Response of concrete to sulfuric acid attack”, in ACI Materials Journal, 1988, vol. 84, no. 6, pp. 481–488.
[18] J.L. Davis, D. Nica, K. Shields, D.J. Roberts, "Analysis of concrete from corroded sewer pipe”, in International Biodeterioration and Biodegradation, 1998, vol. 42, no. 1, pp. 75-84.
[19] J. Yajun, J.H. Cahyadi, "Effects of densified silica fume on microstructure and compressive strength of blended cement pastes”, in Cement and Concrete Research, 2003, vol. 33, pp. 1543–1548.
[20] G.I. Karavajko, G. Rossi, A.D. Agate, S.N. Groudev, Z.A. Avakyan, Biogeotechnology of metals, Centre of projects GKNT, Moscow, 1988.
[21] W. Sand, T. Dumas, S. Marcdargent, "Accelerated biogenic sulfuric-acid corrosion test for evaluating the performance of calcium-aluminate based concrete in sewage applications” in Microbiologically Influences Corrosion Testing, Eds. J.R. Kearns and B. J. Little, American Society for Testing and Materials, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA, 1994, pp. 234-249.
[22] A. Estokova, V. Ondrejka Harbulakova, A. Luptakova, M. Prascakova, N. Stevulova, "Sulphur oxidizing bacteria as the causative factor of biocorrosion of concrete”, in Chemical Engineering Transactions : Selected Papers of ICheaP-10, 2011, vol. 24, p. 1-6. - ISBN 978-88-95608-15-0, ISSN 1974-9791.