The Inhibitory Effect of Weissella koreensis 521 Isolated from Kimchi on 3T3-L1 Adipocyte Differentiation

Authors: KyungBae Pi, KiBeom Lee, Yongil Kim, Eun-Jung Lee

Abstract:

Abnormal adipocyte growth, in terms of increased cell numbers and increased cell differentiation, is considered to be a major pathological feature of obesity. Thus, the inhibition of preadipocyte mitogenesis and differentiation could help prevent and suppress obesity. The aim of this study was to assess whether extracts from Weissella koreensis 521 cells isolated from kimchi could exert anti-adipogenic effects in 3T3-L1 cells (fat cells). Differentiating 3T3-L1 cells were treated with W. koreensis 521 cell extracts (W. koreensis 521_CE), and cell viability was assessed by MTT assays. At concentrations below 0.2 mg/ml, W. koreensis 521_CE did not exert any cytotoxic effect in 3T3-L1 cells. However, treatment with W. koreensis 521_CE significantly inhibited adipocyte differentiation, as assessed by morphological analysis and Oil Red O staining of fat. W. koreensis 521_CE treatment (0.2 mg/ml) also reduced lipid accumulation by 24% in fully differentiated 3T3-L1 adipocytes. These findings collectively indicate that Weissella koreensis 521 may help prevent obesity.

Keywords: Weissella koreensis 521, 3T3-L1 cells, adipocyte differentiation, obesity.

Digital Object Identifier (DOI): doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1336356

References:

[1] B. M. Spiegelman and J.S. Flier, "Obesity and the regulation of energy balance,” Cell, vol. 104, pp. 531543, 2001.
[2] G. Macelin and S. Chua, "Contributions of adipocyte lipid metabolism to body fat content and implications for the treatment of obesity,” Current opinion in pharmacology, vol. 10, pp. 588593, 2010.
[3] S. Rayalam, M.A. Della-Fera and C.A. Baile, "Phytochemicals and regulation of the adipocyte life cycle,” The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry, vol. 19, pp. 717, 2008.
[4] F.M. Gregoire, "Adipocyte differentiation: From fibroblast to endocrine cell,” Experimental Biology and Medicine, vol. 226, pp. 997-1002, 2001.
[5] E.D. Rosen and B.M. Spiegelman, "Adipocytes as regulators of energy balance and glucose homeostasis,” Nature, vol. 444, 847, 2006.
[6] R. Fuller, "Probiotics in man and animals,” Journal of Applied Bacteriology, vol. 66, pp. 365-378, 1989.
[7] M. Sato, K. Uzu, T. Yoshida, E. M. Hamad, H. Kawakami, H. Matsuyama, I.A. Abd El-Gawad and K. Imaizumi, "Effects of milk fermented by Lactobacillus gasseri SBT2055 on adipocyte size in rats,” British Journal of Nutrition, vol. 99, 10131017, 2008.
[8] X. Ma, J. Hua and Z. Li, "Probiotics improve high fat diet-induced hepatic steatosis and insulin resistance by increasing hepatic NKT cell,” Journal of Hepatology, vol. 49, 821-830, 2008.
[9] J.H. Chang, Y. Y. Shim, S. K. Cha and K. M. Chee, "Probiotic characteristics of lactic acid bacteria isolated from kimchi,” Journal of Applied Microbiology, vol. 109, 220230, 2010.
[10] J.H. Cho, D. Y. Lee, C.N. Yang, J. I. Jeon, J. H. Kim and H.U. Han, "Microbial population dynamics of kimchi, a fermented cabbage product,” FEMS Microbial Letters, vol. 257, pp. 262267, 2006.
[11] S. Ambati, H. Kim, J. Yang, J. Lin, M. A. Della-Fera and C. A. Baile, "Effects of leptin on apoptosis and adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 adipocytes,” Biochemical Pharmacology, vol. 73, pp. 378384, 2007.
[12] P.A. Dyson, "The therapeutics of lifestyle management on obesity,” Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, vol. 12, pp. 941946, 2010.
[13] J.R. Jeon and J. Y. Kim, "Effectsof pine needle extract on differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes and obesity in high-fat diet fed rats,” Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin, vol. 29, pp. 21112115, 2006.
[14] J. Schhrezenmeir and M. de Vrese, "Probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics-approaching a definition,” The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. Vol. 73, pp. 361S364S, 2001.
[15] F. P. Martin, Y. Wang, N. Sprenger, I. K. Yap, T. Lundstedt, P. Lek, S. Rezzj, Z. Ramadan, P. van Bladeren, L. B. Fay, S. Kochhar, J. C. Lindon, E. Holmes and J. K. Nicholson, "Probiotic modulation of symbiotic gut microbial-host metabolic interactions in a humanized microbiome mouse model,” Molecular Systems Biology, vol. 4, pp. 157, 2008.
[16] D.Y. Park, Y. T. Ahn, C. S. Huh, S. M. Jeon and M. S. Choi, "The inhibitory effect of Lactobacillus plantarum KY1032 cell extract on the adipogenesis of 3T3-L1 cells,” Journal of Medicinal Food, vol. 14(6), pp. 670675, 2010.
[17] E. Arner, P. O. Westermark, K. L. Spalding, T. Britton, M. Rydén, J. Frisén, S. Bernard and P. Arner, "Adipocyte turnover: relevance to human adipose tissue morphology,” Diabetes, vol. 59, pp. 105109, 2010.