Territorial Availability of Social and Economic Infrastructure in Kazakhstan: Comparative Analysis of Urban and Rural Households

Authors: Nazym Shedenova, Aigul Beimisheva

Abstract:

The market transformation in Kazakhstan during the last two decades has essentially strengthened a gap between development of urban and rural areas. Implementation of market institutes, transition from public financing to paid rendering of social services, change of forms of financing of social and economic infrastructure have led to strengthening of an economic inequality of social groups, including growth of stratification of the city and the village. Sociological survey of urban and rural households in Almaty city and villages of Almaty region has been carried out within the international research project “Livelihoods Strategies of Private Households in Central Asia: A Rural–Urban Comparison in Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan" (Germany, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan). The analysis of statistical data and results of sociological research of urban and rural households allows us to reveal issues of territorial development, to investigate an availability of medical, educational and other services in the city and the village, to reveal an evaluation urban and rural dwellers of living conditions, to compare economic strategies of households in the city and the village.

Keywords: Urban and rural households, social and economic infrastructure, territorial availability.

Digital Object Identifier (DOI): doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1060665

References:

[1] E. Trubina, "The city in the theory: understanding of spaceexperiments", Moscow: New literary review, 2011, p.329.
[2] B. Zhusupov, G. Alimbekova, "Medical service in Kazakhstan: realities and evaluation", Almaty: CBOS, 2002, p.54.
[3] The statistical collection, "1991-2010. Almaty's independence", Almaty: Department of statistics of Almaty, 2011, p.227.
[4] A. Ikonnikov, "Centre for Asia", 2009. - Ôäû 13 (13) // http://asiakz.com/rus/article/305.
[5] A. Sultangalieva, "The city and people: sociocultural transformation in Kazakhstan", Almaty: The fund of A. Sarsenbaiuly, 2010, p.109.
[6] "The main social and economic development indicators of the regions of Kazakhstan"/ "Kazakhstan 2009: Statistical Yearbook of Kazakhstan", Ed. A.A. Smailov, Astana: Statistics Agency of Republic of Kazakhstan, 2009, p.13.
[7] "Almaty for 10 years of independence", Almaty, 2001, p.120.
[8] Ministry of Education and science of Republic Kazakhstan // www.edu.gov.kz/ru/news/
[9] The development program of the city of Almaty for 2011 - 2015 years. Decision of ðÑðÑðÑVII session of IVth convocation maslihat (municipality) of Almaty city of from February, 7, 2011, Ôäû 399 // http://www.mga.kz/uploads/prog_2011-2015.pdf, p.3.
[10] http://www.zakon.kz/4477713-segodnja-sostojalas-otchetnaja- vstrecha.html.
[11] M .Burawoy, P .Krotkov, T. Lyvkina, "From wooden Paris to the panel Orbit: A model of housing classes of Syktyvkar", Syktyvkar, 1999, pp.5-6.
[12] S. Panarin, "Contemporary Kazakhstan social and a cultural factors change in the provisions of the Russian language", Bulletin of Eurasia, 2008, Ôäû 4.
[13] "About the Housing Fund of the Republic of Kazakhstan", Statistical collection, Astana, Statistics Agency of Republic of Kazakhstan, 2009, p.16.
[14] N.Shedenova, A.Beimisheva, "Regional dimension of the standard of living: the case of Almaty and Almaty region", Innovative development and relevance of science in modern Kazakhstan, International conference, 22-23 November 2012, part 3, Almaty: The foundation of the first president of the Republic of Kazakhstan -the leader of the nation, 2012, pp.237-241.
[15] N. Shedenova, A.Beimisheva. The social standards of life of middle class (the example of the city of Almaty), Kaznu Bulletin. Series of phycology and sociology, 2012, Ôäû2 (41), pp. 29-31.
[16] ðÉ. Miroedov, "To assess the quality of life of the middle class Russia", http://www.evrodol.ru/vladimir/vladimir_39.htm.