Adsorption Capacity of Chitosan Beads in Toxic Solutions

Authors: P. Setthamongkol, J. Salaenoi

Abstract:

The efficiency of chitosan beads processed from 4 marine animal shells; white leg shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei), mud crab (Scylla sp.), horseshoe crab (Carcinoscorpius rotundicauda), and cuttlefish bone (Sepia sp.), for the adsorption experiments of ammonia and formaldehyde were investigated. The porosities of chitosan from the shells looked like beads were distinctly examined under SEM. The original pores of those shells on the surface areas compose of evenly fine pores. The shell beads of cuttlefish bone and horseshoe crab show the larger probably even porosity, while on those white leg shrimp and mud crab contain various large and fine pores. The best adsorption at pH 9 in 18 mg/l ammonia at 2 hours yield on cuttlefish bone, horseshoe crab, mud crab and white leg shrimp with the average percent of 59.12, 51.45, 45.66 and 43.52, respectively. Within 30 minutes the formaldehyde absorbers (at pH 5 in 8 μg/ml) revealed 46.27, 26.56, and 18.04 percent capacities in cuttlefish bone, mud crab and white leg shrimp beads; while 22.44 percent in the horseshoe crab at pH 7. The adsorption capacities and the amounts of beads showed a positive correlation. The adsorption capacity relationship between pH and the gas concentrations were affected by these qualities of chitosan beads.

Keywords: chitosan, adsorption, ammonia, formaldehyde

Digital Object Identifier (DOI): doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1059581

References:

[1] H. Minamisawa, H. Iwanami, N. Arai, and T. Okutani, "Adsorption behavior of cobalt (II) on chitosan and its determination by tungsten metal furnace atomic adsorption spectrometry," Anal. Chim. Acta., vol. 378, pp. 279-285, Jan. 1999.
[2] H. Li, Y. Du, X. Wu, and H. Zhan, "Effect of molecular weight and degree of substitution of quaternary chitosan on its adsorption and flocculation properties for potential retention-aids in alkaline papermaking," Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects, vol. 242, pp. 1-8, Aug. 2004.
[3] C. Jeon, and K. H. Park, "Adsorption and desorption characteristics of mercury (II) ions using aminated chitosan bead," Water Research, vol. 39, pp. 3938-3944, Oct. 2005.
[4] Metallurgy and Materials Science Research Institute, Application of chitin-chitosan. MMRI Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 2005, pp. 17-25.
[5] F. Li, W.G. Liu, and K.D. Yao, "Preparation of oxidized glucosecrosslinked N-alkylated chitosan membrane and in vitro studies of pHsensitive drug delivery," Biomaterials, vol. 23, pp. 343-347, Jan. 2002.
[6] E. Selmer-Olsen, H.C. Ratnaweera, and R. Pehrson, "A novel treatment process for dairy wastewater with chitosan produced from shrimp-shell waste," Water Science and Technology, vol. 34, pp. 33-40, Feb. 1996.
[7] M.S. Chiou, and H.Y. Li, "Adsorption behavior of reactive dye in aqueous solution on chemical cross-linked chitosan beads," Chemosphere, vol. 50, pp. 1095-1105, Mar. 2003.
[8] N.V. Majeti, and R. Kumar, "A review of chitin and chitosan applications," Reactive & Functional Polymers, vol. 46, pp. 1-27, Jun. 2000.
[9] S. Budavari, M.J. O'Neil, A. Smith, P.E. Heekelman, and J.F. Kinneary, Merck Index. N.J., U.S.A., 1996.
[10] K. Toei, and T. Kohara, "A conductometric method for colloid titrations," Analytica Chimica Acta, vol. 83, pp. 59-65, Jan. 2002.
[11] P. Pradyot, Handbook of environmental analysis: chemical pollutants in air, water, soil wastes. 2nd ed. CRC, Boca Raton, 2010.
[12] British Pharmacopocia, Formaldehyde Solution Volume I. Her Majesty-s Stationary Office, London, 1988.
[13] S.L.Y. Ling, C.Y.Yee, and H.S. Eng, "Removal of A Cationic Dye using Deacetylated Chitin Chitosan," Applied Sciences, vol. 8, pp. 1445-1448, Mar. 2011.
[14] J. LI, Z. LI, B. LIU, Q. XIA, and H. XI, "Effect of Relative Humidity on Adsorption of Formaldehyde on Modified Activated Carbons," Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering, vol. 16, pp. 871-875, Aug. 2008.
[15] Z. Bekci, C. Ozveri, Y.Seki, and K.Yurdakoc, "Sorption of malachite green on chitosan bead," Journal of Hazardous Materials, vol. 154, pp. 254-261,Jan. 2008.
[16] P. M. Claesson, and B. W. Ninham, "pH-Dependent Interaction between Adsorbed Chitosan Layers," Langmuir, vol. 8, pp. 1406-1412, Feb. 1992.
[17] C. Xin, L. Wenjun, Z. Wei, L. Yuhua, and Y. Tongyin, "pH Sensitivity and Ion Sensitivity of Hydrogels Based on Complex-Forming Chitosan/Silk Fibroin Interpenetrating Polymer Network." Applied Polymer Science, vol. 65, pp. 2257-2262, Mar. 1997.
[18] J. Choong and H. P. Kwang, "Adsorption and desorption characteristics of mercury(II) ions using aminated chitosan bead," Water Research, vol. 39, pp. 3938-3944, Oct. 2005.
[19] V. Boonamnuayvitaya, S. Sae-ung, and W. Tanthapanichakoon, "Preparation of activated carbons from coffee residue for the adsorption of formaldehyde," Separation and Purification Technology, vol. 42, pp. 159-168, Jul. 2005.
[20] C. Ausa, S. Narongsak, F. Damrongsak, and S. Prasart, "Preparation and physico-chemical characterization of chitin and chitosan from the pens of the squid species Loligo lessoniana and Loligo formosana," Carbohydrate Polymers, vol. 58, pp. 467-474, Aug. 2004.