Prevention of Biofilm Formation in Urinary Catheter by Coating Enzymes/ Gentamycin/ EDTA

Authors: Niraj A. Ghanwate, P V Thakare, P R Bhise, Ashish Dhanke, Shubhangi Apotikar

Abstract:

Urinary Tract Infections (UTI) account for an estimated 25-40% nosocomial infection, out of which 90% are associated with urinary catheter, called Catheter associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI). The microbial populations within CAUTI frequently develop as biofilms. In the present study, microbial contamination of indwelling urinary catheters was investigated. Biofilm forming ability of the isolates was determined by tissue culture plate method. Prevention of biofilm formation in the urinary catheter by Pseudomonas aeruginosa was also determined by coating the catheter with some enzymes, gentamycin and EDTA. It was found that 64% of the urinary catheters get contaminated during the course of catheterization. Of the total 6 isolates, biofilm formation was seen in 100% Pseudomonas aeruginosa and E. coli, 90% in Enterococci, 80% in Klebsiella and 66% in S. aureus. It was noted that the biofilm production by Pseudomonas was prolonged by 7 days in amylase, 8 days in protease, 6 days in lysozyme, 7days in gentamycin and 5 days in EDTA treated catheter.

Keywords: CAUTI, biofilm, enzymes, EDTA, Pseudomonas.

Digital Object Identifier (DOI): doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1330231

References:

[1] Trautner BW and Darouiche RO, (2004). Role of biofilm in catheter associated urinary tract infection. Am J Infect Control, 32: 177-183.
[2] Xavier JB, Picioreanu C, Rani SA, van Loosdrecht MC and Stewart PS (2005). Biofilm control strategies based on enzymic disruption of the extracellular polymeric substance matrix - a modeling study. Microbiol, 151 : 3817-32
[3] Percival SL, Sabbuba NA, Kite P, Stickler DJ (2009). The effect of EDTA instillations on the rate of development of encrustation and biofilms in Foley catheters. Urol Res, 37: 205-209.
[4] Christensen GD, Simpson WA, Younger JA et al. Adherence of coagulase negative Staphylococci to plastic tissue cultures: a quantitative model for the adherence of Staphylococci to medical devices. J Clin Microbiol 1995;22:996-1006
[5] Mathur T, Singhal S, Khan S, Upadhyay DJ, Fatma T, Rattan A. Detection of biofilm formation among the clinical isolates of staphylococci: an evaluation of three different screening methods. Indian J Med Microbiol 2006;24(1):25-27.
[6] Stickler DJ and Zimakoff J, (1994). Complications of urinary tract infections associated with devices used for long term bladder management. J. Hosp. Infect, 28: 177-194.
[7] Stamm WE, (1991). Catheter associated urinary tract infections: epidemiology, pathogenesis and prevention. Am J Med, 91: 655-715.
[8] Barford TM, Anson K, Hu Y and Coates AR, (2008). A Model of catheter associated urinary tract infection initiated by bacterial contamination of the catheter tip. BJU Int, 102: 67-74.
[9] Goto T, Nakame Y, Nishida and Ohi Y (1999). Bacterial biofilms and catheter in experimental urinary tract infection. Int Jou Anti Agent, 11: 227-231.
[10] Molobella IP,Cloete TE and Beukes M (2010). Protease and amylase enzymes for biofilm removal and degradation of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) produced by Pseudomonas fluorescence bacteria. Afric Jou Microbiol Res, Vol 4(14): 1515-24.