Analysis of Seismic Waves Generated by Blasting Operations and their Response on Buildings

Authors: S. Ziaran, M. Musil, M. Cekan, O. Chlebo

Abstract:

The paper analyzes the response of buildings and industrially structures on seismic waves (low frequency mechanical vibration) generated by blasting operations. The principles of seismic analysis can be applied for different kinds of excitation such as: earthquakes, wind, explosions, random excitation from local transportation, periodic excitation from large rotating and/or machines with reciprocating motion, metal forming processes such as forging, shearing and stamping, chemical reactions, construction and earth moving work, and other strong deterministic and random energy sources caused by human activities. The article deals with the response of seismic, low frequency, mechanical vibrations generated by nearby blasting operations on a residential home. The goal was to determine the fundamental natural frequencies of the measured structure; therefore it is important to determine the resonant frequencies to design a suitable modal damping. The article also analyzes the package of seismic waves generated by blasting (Primary waves – P-waves and Secondary waves S-waves) and investigated the transfer regions. For the detection of seismic waves resulting from an explosion, the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) and modal analysis, in the frequency domain, is used and the signal was acquired and analyzed also in the time domain. In the conclusions the measured results of seismic waves caused by blasting in a nearby quarry and its effect on a nearby structure (house) is analyzed. The response on the house, including the fundamental natural frequency and possible fatigue damage is also assessed.

Keywords: Building structure, seismic waves, spectral analysis, structural response.

Digital Object Identifier (DOI): doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1088956

References:

[1] S. Ziaran, M. Musil, Action of seismic shocks on civil and industrial structures Part 1: General principles. Journal Physical Environmental Factors, 2nd year, p. 93-100, October 2012.
[2] S. Ziaran, Research report V a K, Analysis of sources of mechanical vibration in water pumps, Bratislava 1992.
[3] S. Ziaran, Research report for woodworkers production center, Dynamic analysis of a single frame sawmill and the transfer of vibro-acoustic energy to its surroundings, Bratislava 2002.
[4] S. Ziaran, Research report for the woodworkers production center, Dynamic analysis of a sawmill and recommendations for lowering the transfer of vibration to the surrounding areas, Bratislava 2003.
[5] S. Ziaran, Research report for PSL, Analysis of dynamic loading on industrial structures and foundations of machines DPR20, DPR26 and press LE 250 with recommendations for their vibro-isolation, Považská Bystrica, Bratislava 2005.
[6] S. Žiaran, Research report for NCHZ, Dynamic assessment of vibration for reactor R11, Bratislava 2001.
[7] M. Pirner, Environment and technical seismicity. Magazine of civil engineering. No. 03/09.
[8] L. Soltes, M. Cekan, B. Hucko, Biomechanical model for seat comfort in automobiles. In Biomechanics 2012: International conference of the Polish Society of Biomechanics. Contributions, Bialystok, Poland, 2012, p. 265-266.
[9] S. Ziaran, M. Musil, Factors affecting internal air conditioning in building during seismic events, 23rd conference on internal building climate, Contributions, High Tatras 2012, p. 47-52.
[10] ISO 2631-2:2003, Evaluation of human exposition to vibrations on the body. Part 2: continuous and shock induced vibration in buildings (from 1 Hz to 80 Hz).
[11] S. Ziaran, Vibration and acoustics. Reducing vibration and noise in industry, Monograph, Published. STU Bratislava 2006.
[12] S. Ziaran, Technical diagnostics. Scientific monograph. STU Bratislava 2013, to be published.
[13] Pandula, B.-Kondela, J.: Research of dynamic resulting from blasting operations in the Brekov quarry., ITMS 26220220031,
[14] M. Hatala, Measurements report, No. 20111705, TSUS Bratislava 2012.
[15] ISO 4866:2012 Mechanical vibration and shock. Vibration of buildings. Guidelines for the measurement of vibration and evaluation of their effects on buildings.
[16] S. Žiaran, Effects of explosive shocks on buildings. Technical Report, Bratislava 2012.
[17] ISO 5348:1987, Mechanical vibration and shocks. Mechanical mounting of accelerometers.
[18] K Medearis, Development of rational damage criteria for low rise structures subject to blasting vibrations. K. M. Assoc. Report, 1976.
[19] D.E. Siskind, M.S. Stagg, J.W. Kopp, C.H. Dowding, Report of Investigations No. RI. 8507, Structure response and damage produced by ground vibration from surface mine blasting, United States Bureau of Mines, 1980.
[20] Building Research Establishment (UK), Cracking in buildings. Digest No. 5, 1966 (reprinted 1975).
[21] S. Ziaran, Technical diagnostics. Scientific monograph. STU Bratislava 2013, to be published.
[22] S. Ziaran, M. Musil and M. Cekan, Conditions for measuring seismic shocks and their analysis and response on buildings and industrial structures, COMPDYN 2013, In press.
[23] W. H. Kung Lee, International Handbook of Earthquake and Engineering Seismology, Volume 1; ed.; web: books.google.commapserver.geology.sk/gm50/.