Antimicrobial Activity of Girardinia heterophylla

Authors: P. S. Bedi, Neayti Thakur, Balvinder Singh

Abstract:

In the present study an attempt has been made to prepare the crude extracts of leaves and stem of ‘Girardinia heterophylla’ by using various solvents like petroleum ether, ethanol and double distilled water. The samples were given the code NGLS 1, NGLS 2, NGLS 3 and NGSS 1, NGSS 2 and NGSS 3 respectively. All the extracts were used to study their antimicrobial activity against gram positive bacteria e.g. Bacillus subtilis, gram negative bacteria e.g. E. coli and K. pneumonia and antifungal activity against Aspergillus niger. The results of the antimicrobial activity showed that all the crude extracts of the plant possesses antibacterial activity. Maximum antibacterial activity was shown by NGLS 2, NGLS 3 and NGSS 3 against K. pneumonia. The growth of fungus A. niger was also inhibited by all the crude extracts. Maximum inhibition was shown by NGSS 2 followed by NGSS 1.

Keywords: Girardinia heterophylla, leaves and stem extracts, antibacterial activity, antifungal activity.

Digital Object Identifier (DOI): doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1088848

References:

[1] Aftab, K and A.A Sial, (1999). Book on Phyto medicine: New and old approach. Hamdard Medicus, 42 (2); 11-15.
[2] Kar, D.M., B.K. Nandu, D. Pradhan, S.K. Sahu and G.K. Dash, (2004). Analgesic and antipyretic activity of fruit Martynia annua Linn. Hamdard Medicus, 47(1) ; 32-35.
[3] Dhiman A and Lal, R., (2011). Phytochemical and pharmacological status, Linn. International Journal of Research on Ayurvedic Pharmacy 45; 224-256.
[4] Farnsworth, N.R and D.D Soejarto., (1991). Global importance of medicinal plants. Pages 25-51 in conservation of medicinal plants.
[5] Kamboj, V.P., (2000). Herbal medicine. Current Science, 95; 57-65.
[6] Shrestha T.B. and Joshi R.M., (1987). Rare, Endemic and Endangered Plants of Nepal. WWF Nepal Program, Kathmandu, Nepal.
[7] Wealth of India, (2002). A Dictionary of Indian Raw Materials a,d, Industrial Products. Publications and Information Directorate, CSIR, Hillside Rd., New Delhi, India, 3.
[8] Per Brodal, (2010). The Central Nervous System: Structure and Function. Oxford University Press US. pp. 170–185.
[9] Kavanagh F., (1963). Analytical Microbiology. Academic Press London, 4; 125-141.
[10] Leven M, Vanner-Berghe DA, Mertens F., (1979). Medicinal Plants and its importance in antimicrobial activity. J. Planta. Med, 36; 311-321.
[11] Ahmad, I. Beg, A.Z., (2001). Antimicrobial and phytochemical studies on 45 Indian medicinal plants magainst multi-drug and resistant human pathogens. Journal of Ethnopharmacol, 74; 113-123.
[12] P. Saravanan, V. Ramasamy, T. Shivakumar., (2008). Asian Journal of Chemistry, 20(1), 823- 825.
[13] M. Manjula, V. Indira, P. Dhasarathan., (2009). Antibacterial activity of plant extracts against oral and skin pathogens; Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental Sciences, 11(2); 365-368.
[14] Biruhalem Taye, Mirutse Giday, Abebe Animut, Jemal Seid., (2011). Antibacterial activities of selected medicinal plants in traditional treatment of human wounds in Ethiopia; Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine, 3; 370-375.
[15] Majid Alipour and Omid Khanmohammadi, (2011). African Journal of Microbiology Research, 5 (19); 2909-2911.