Inhibiting Gene for a Late-Heading Gene Responsible for Photoperiod Sensitivity in Rice (Oryza sativa)

Authors: Amol Dahal, Shunsuke Hori, Haruki Nakazawa, Kazumitsu Onishi, Toshio Kawano, Masayuki Murai

Abstract:

Two indica varieties, IR36 and ‘Suweon 258’ (“S”) are middle-heading in southern Japan. 36U, also middle-heading, is an isogenic line of IR36 carrying Ur1 (Undulate rachis-1) gene. However, late-heading plants segregated in the F2 population from the F1 of S × 36U, and so did in the following generations. The concerning lateness gene is designated as Ex. From the F8 generation, isogenic-line pair of early-heading and late-heading lines, denoted by “E” (ex/ex) and “L” (Ex/Ex), were developed. Genetic analyses of heading time were conducted, using F1s and F2s among L, E, S and 36U. The following inferences were drawn from the experimental results: 1) L, and both of E and 36U harbor Ex and ex, respectively; 2) Besides Ex, S harbors an inhibitor gene to it, i.e. I-Ex which is a novel finding of the present study. 3) Ex is a dominant allele at the E1 locus.

Keywords: Basic vegetative phase, heading time, lateness gene, photoperiod-sensitive phase.

Digital Object Identifier (DOI): doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1087334

References:

[1] F. Kubota, N. Tanaka, and S. Arima, "Study on productive ecology of a high yielding japonica-indica hybrid rice cultivar "Suweon258"," Japan. Jour. Crop Sci., vol.57 (2), 1988, pp. 287-297.
[2] H. Inoue, H. Nishida, Y. Okumoto, and T. Tanisaka, "Identification of an early heading time gene found in the Taiwanese rice cultivar Taichung 65," Breed. Sci., vol. 48, 1998, pp.103-108.
[3] I. Ohshima, F. Kikuchi, Y. Watanabe, and C. Asahi, "Genetic analysis of heading time in a cross between two indica varieties with inhibitor genes for photoperiod sensitivity," Jpn. J. breed., vol. 43, 1993, pp. 101- 106.
[4] K. H. Tsai, and H. I. Oka, "Genetic study on yield capacity and adaptability in crop plants. 2. Analysis of genes controlling heading time in Taichung 65 and other rice varieties," Bot. Bull. Acad. Sinica, vol. 7, 1966, pp. 54–70.
[5] K. Ichitani, Y. Okumoto, and T. Tanisaka, "Genetic analysis of the rice cultivar Kasalath with special reference to two photoperiod sensitivity loci, E1 and Se1," Breed. Sci., vol. 48, 1998, pp. 51-57.
[6] L. V. Dung, T. Inukai, and Y. Sano, "Dissection of a major QTL for photoperiod sensitivity in rice: its association with a gene expressed in an age-dependent manner," Theor. Appl. Genet., vol. 97, 1998, pp. 714- 720.
[7] M. F. Chandraratna, "A gene for photoperiod sensitivity in rice linked with apiculus color," Nature, vol. 171, 1953, pp. 1162-1163.
[8] M. Poonyarit, D.J. Mackill, and B.S. Vergara, "Genetics of photoperiod sensitivity and critical daylength in rice," Crop Sci., vol. 29, 1989, pp. 647-652.
[9] M. Yokoo, and F. Kikuchi, "Multiple allelism of the locus controlling heading time of rice, detected using close linkage with blast-resistance," Jpn. J. Breed., vol. 21, 1977, pp. 123-130.
[10] M. Yokoo, and F. Kikuchi, "Monogenic control of basic vegetative phase and photoperiod-sensitive phase in rice," Japan. J. Breed., vol. 32, 1982, pp. 1-8 (in Japanese with English summary).
[11] M. Yokoo, F. Kikuchi, A. Nakane, and H. Fujimaki, "Genetical analysis of heading time by aid of close linkage with blast resistance in rice," Bull. Natl. Inst. Agric. Sci., vol. D31, 1980, pp. 95-126. (in Japanese with English summary).
[12] M. Yokoo, and H. Fujimaki, "Tight linkage of blast resistance with late maturity observed in different Indica varieties of rice," Jpn. J. Breed., vol. 21, 1971, pp. 35-59.
[13] S. Sato, I. Sakamoto, K. Shirakawa, and S. Nakasone, "Chromosomal location of an earliness gene Ef1 of rice, Oryza Sativa L," Jpn. J. Breed., vol. 38, 1988, pp. 385–396.
[14] S. Peng, K. G. Cassman, S. S. Virmani, J. Sheehy, and G. S. Khush, "Yield potential trends of tropical rice since the release of IR8 and the challenge of increasing rice yield potential," Crop Sci., vol. 39, 1999, pp. 1552-1559.
[15] T.A. Trieu, S. Malangen, A. Dozaki, T. Akaoka, Y. Takemura, M. Urabe, and M. Murai, "Single-genic segregation in heading date, observed in a progeny (F8 generation) of the cross between two indicatype varieties in rice," Shikoku J. Crop Sci., vol. 47, 2010, pp. 44-45.
[16] T. T. Chang, B. S. Vergara, and C. C. Li, "Component analysis of duration from seeding to heading in rice by the basic vegetative phase and photoperiod sensitive phase," Euphytica, vol. 18, 1969, pp. 79-91.
[17] Y. Ito, S. Sato, and Y. Sano, "Developmental changes of phyllochron in near-isogenic lines of rice (Oryza sativa L.) with different growth durations," Euphytica, vol. 119, 2001, pp. 271-278.
[18] Y. Okumoto, and T. Tanisaka, "Trisomic analysis of a strong photoperiod-sensitivity gene E1 in rice (Oryza sativa L.)," Euphytica, vol. 95, 1997, pp. 301–307.
[19] Y. Okumoto, T. Tanisaka, and H. Yamagata, "A new tester line for analyzing heading time genes in rice," Rice Genet. Newsl., vol. 8, 1991, pp. 129-131
[20] Y. Sano, "Genetic Comparisons of chromosome 6 between wiId and cultivated rice," Jpn. J. Breed., vol. 42, 1992, pp. 561-572.
[21] Y. Sato, and K. Hayashi, "Varietal variations in basic vegetative phase and photosensitive phase among Japanese native cultivars of rice," Jpn. J. Breed., vol. 35, 1985, pp. 72-75 (in Japanese with English summary).