In vitro Propagation of Purple Nutsedge (Cyperus rotundus L.) for Useful Chemical Extraction

Authors: Chockpisit Thepsithar, Nongnuch Euawong, Nukul Jonghomkajorn

Abstract:

The in vitro culture procedure of purple nutsedge (Cyperus rotundus L.) for multiple shoot induction and tuber formation was established. Multiple shoots were significantly induced from a single shoot of about 0.5 – 0.8 cm long, on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 4.44 μM 6- benzyladinine (BA) alone or in combination with 2.85 μM 1- indoleacetic acid (IAA), providing 17.6 and 15.3 shoots per explant with 31.2 and 27.5 leaves per explant, respectively, within 6 weeks of culturing. Moreover, MS medium supplemented with 4.44 μM BA and 2.85 μM IAA was suitable for tuber induction, obtaining 5.9 tubers with 3.4 rhizomes per explant. In combination with ancymidol and higher concentration of sucrose, 11.1 μM BA and 60 g/L sucrose or 11.1 μM BA, 7.8 μM ancymidol and 60 g/L sucrose induced 3.5 tubers with 1.6 rhizomes or 3.5 tubers without rhizome, respectively. However, MS medium containing 3.9 or 7.8 μM ancymidol in combination with either 60 or 80 g/L sucrose enchanced significant root formation at 20.9 – 23.6 roots per explant.

Keywords: Purple nutsedge, Cyperus rotundus, multiple shoot induction, tuber formation

Digital Object Identifier (DOI): doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1086763

References:

[1] I. A. Ross, Medicinal plants of the world Vol. 1: Chemical constituents, traditional and modern medicinal uses. Humana Press Inc., New Jersey. pp. 469, 2003.
[2] K.R. Nagulendran, S. Velavan, R. Mahesh, V. Hazeena Begum, “In vitro antioxidant activity and total polyphenolic content of Cyperus rotundus rhizomes.” E-J. Chem. Vol. 4, pp. 440-449, 2007.
[3] R. Yazdanparast, and A. Ardestani, “In vitro antioxidant and free radical scavenging of Cyperus rotundus. ” J. Med. Food., vol. 10, pp. 667-674, 2007.
[4] B. Lemaure, A. Touche, I. Zbinden, J. Moulin, D. Courtois, K. Mace, and C. Darimont, “Administration of Cyperus rotundus tubers extract prevents weight gain in obese Zucker rats. Phytotherapy Research, vol. 21, pp. 724-730, 2007.
[5] N. B. Singh, B. N. Pandey, A. Singh, “Allelopathic effects of Cyperus rotundus extract in vitro and ex vitro on banana.” Acta Physiol. Plant. Vol. 31, pp. 633-638, 2009.
[6] O. Kaewmun, N. WathaNaapa, W. Ngow, and T. Pewnim, “Biochemical characteristics of Cyperus iria and Cyperus rotundus. 31st Congress on Science and Technology of Thailand, Suranaree University of Technology. 18-20 October, 2005.
[7] C. C. Weng, C. L. Keng, B. P. Lim, “Detection of insect juvenile hormone III and it’s precursors from in vitro plantlets of Cyperus rotundus.” J. Plant Biol., vol. 47, vol. 3, pp. 187-193, 2004.
[8] K. Samariya, and R. Sarin, “Isolation and identification of flavonoids from Cyperus rotundus Linn. in vivo and in vitro.” J. Drug Deliv. Therap., vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 109-113, 2013.
[9] J. B. Fisher, “Callus, cell suspensions, and organogenesis in tissue cultures of purple nutsedge (Cyperus rotundus)”. Bot. Gaz., vol. 138, no. 3, pp. 291-297, 1997
[10] Y. Mohamed-Yasseen, and W. E. Splittstoesser, “Multiplication of Cyperus alternifolius from axillary buds in vitro: instructive laboratory exercise.” Plant Growth Reg. Soc. Amer., vol. 20, pp. 83-89, 1992.
[11] J. F. Benazir, B. Mathithumilan, P. Ravichandran, V. Jochebed, R. Suganthi, and V. Manimekalai, “In vitro regeneration of nut sedge (Cyperus pangorei Rottb).” J. Plant Biochem. Biotechnol., vol. 18, pp. 209-215, 2009.
[12] K. C. Lai, S. L. Pey, L. C. Mang, and L. B. Pey, “Establishment of Cyperus aromaticus cell suspension cultures for the production of Juvenile hormone III.” In Vitro Cell. Dev. Biol. Plant, vol. 46, no. 1, pp. 8-12, 2010.
[13] J. Webber, M. E. Johnston, A. H. Wearing, "High irradiance increases organogenesis in friable callus of Caustis blakei (Cyperaceae). In Vitro Cell. Dev. Biol.-Plant., vol. 39, no. 2, 139-141, 2003.
[14] S. M. D. Rogers, “Tissue culture and wetland establishment of the freshwater monocots Carex, Juncus, Scirpus, and Typha.” In Vitro Cell. Dev. Biol.-Plant. vol. 39, no. 1, pp. 1-5, 2003.
[15] T. Murashige, and F. Skoog, 1962. A revised medium for rapid growth and bio-assay with tobacco tissue culture. Physiol. Plantarum, vol. 15, pp. 473-497, 1962.
[16] D. B. Duncan, “Multiple range and multiple F test.” Biometrics, vol. 11, pp. 1–42, 1955.