Springback Simulations of Monolithic and Layered Steels Used for Pressure Equipment
Commenced in January 2007
Frequency: Monthly
Edition: International
Paper Count: 32769
Springback Simulations of Monolithic and Layered Steels Used for Pressure Equipment

Authors: Anish H. Gandhi, Harit K. Raval

Abstract:

Carbon steel is used in boilers, pressure vessels, heat exchangers, piping, structural elements and other moderatetemperature service systems in which good strength and ductility are desired. ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section II Part A (2004) provides specifications of ferrous materials for construction of pressure equipment, covering wide range of mechanical properties including high strength materials for power plants application. However, increased level of springback is one of the major problems in fabricating components of high strength steel using bending. Presented work discuss the springback simulations for five different steels (i.e. SA-36, SA-299, SA-515 grade 70, SA-612 and SA-724 grade B) using finite element analysis of air V-bending. Analytical springback simulations of hypothetical layered materials are presented. Result shows that; (i) combination of the material property parameters controls the springback, (ii) layer of the high ductility steel on the high strength steel greatly suppresses the springback.

Keywords: Carbon steel, Finite element analysis, Layeredmaterial, Springback

Digital Object Identifier (DOI): doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1082621

Procedia APA BibTeX Chicago EndNote Harvard JSON MLA RIS XML ISO 690 PDF Downloads 2181

References:


[1] ASME Ferrous material specification, Section II Part A and D, 2004
[2] G. E. Dieter, Mechanical behavior of materials under tension, Mechanical Metallurgy. New York, USA: Mc-Graw Hill, 2nd Edition, 1976, pp. 329-348
[3] A. M. Hall, Introduction to today-s ultrahigh-strength structural steels. Issued under the auspices of American Society for Testing and Materials and the defense metal information center, 1971
[4] ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section VIII, Division 1, 2001
[5] M. Sensuri, J. Cao, A. P. Karafillis and M. C. Boyce, "Accommodation of springback in channel forming using active binder force control: Numerical simulations and experiments," ASME Trans. J. Eng. Mater. Technol., vol. 118, pp. 426-435, 1996.
[6] R. Ruffini and J. Cao, "Using neural for springback minimization in channel forming process," J. Mater. Manuf., vol. 107, pp. 65-73, 1998.
[7] J. Cao J., B. Kinsey and S. A. Solla, "Consistent and minimal springback using stepped binder force trajectory and neural network control," ASME Trans. J. Eng. Mater. Technol., vol. 22, pp. 65-73, 1998.
[8] C. To Wang, G. Kinzel and T. Altan, "Mathematical modeling of planestrain bending of sheets and plates," J. Mater Process Technol., vol. 39, pp. 279-304, 1993.
[9] P. P. Date, K. Narasimhan, S. K. Maiti and U. P. Singh, "On the prediction of spring back in Vee bending of metallic sheets under plane strain condition," In Proc. Sheet Metal, September 1999, pp. 447-456.
[10] L. J. de Vin, "Curvature prediction in air bending of metal sheet," J. Mater. Process Technol., vol 100, pp. 257-261, 2000.
[11] Jenn-Terng Gau and Gary L. Kinzel, "An experimental investigation of the influence of the bauschinger effect on springback predictions," J. Mater. Process Technol., vol. 108, pp. 369-375, 2001.
[12] G. Carlos, O. Onipede and M. Lovell, "Investigation of springback in high strength anisotropic steels," J. Mater. Process Technol., vol. 159, pp. 91-98, 2005.
[13] Albert Satorres, Bending simulation of High strength steel by finite elements, Master-s thesis, University of Oulu, 2005 (may be available at: http://www.oulu.fi/elme/ELME2/PDF/Diplomityot/Masters_Thesis_Alb ert_Satorres%20.pdf)
[14] R. K. Verma and A. Haldar, "Effect of normal anisotropy on springback," J. Mater. Process. Technol., vol. 190, no. 1-3, pp. 300-304, 2007.
[15] Hyunok Kim, Ninad Nargundkar and Taylan Altan, "Prediction of bend allowance and springback in air bending," ASME Trans. J. Manuf. Sci. Eng., vol. 129, pp. 342-351, 2007.
[16] A. H. Gandhi and H. K. Raval, "Analytical modeling of top roller position for multiple pass (3-Roller) cylindrical forming of plates," In proc. of International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition, Chicago, IL, USA, November 5-10 2006, Paper no. IMECE2006-14279.
[17] A. H. Gandhi and H. K. Raval, "Analytical and empirical modeling of top roller position for 3-roller cylindrical bending of plates and its experimental verification," J. Mater. Process Technol., vol. 197, no. 1-3, pp. 268-278, 2008.
[18] H. Verguts and R. Sowerby, "The pure plastic bending of laminated sheet metals," Int. J. Mech. Sci., vol. 17, pp. 31-51, 1975.
[19] S. A. Majlessi and P. Dadras, "Pure plastic bending of sheet laminates under plane strain condition," Int. J. Mech. Sci., vol. 25, no. 1, pp. 1-14, 1983.
[20] Jang-Kyo Kim and Tong-Xi Yu, "Forming and failure behavior of coated, laminated and sandwiched sheet metals: a review," J. Mater. Process Technol., vol. 63, pp. 33-42, 1997.
[21] R. Hino, Y. Goto and F. Yoshida, "Springback of sheet metal laminates in draw bending," J. Mater. Process Technol., vol. 139, pp. 341-347, 2003.
[22] K. Yilamu, R. Hino, H. Hamasaki and F. Yoshida, "Air bending and springback of stainless steel clad aluminum sheet," J. Mater. Process. Technol., vol. 210, no. 2, pp. 272-278, 2010.
[23] O. Tetsuo, T. Nicolas, K. Seiichiro, Y. Jun and K. Toshihiko, "Experimental and numerical analysis of multilayered steel sheets upon bending," J Mater. Process. Technol., doi:10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2010.07.003, To be published.
[24] Z. Marciniak, J. L. Duncan, Mechanics of sheet metal forming, Edward Arnold Ltd., London, 1992.
[25] Edward M. Mielnik, Metal Working Science and Engineering, New York, USA, McGraw Hill Book Co., 1991.
[26] LS-DYNA Keyword Users Manual, Version 970, Livermore Software Technology Corporation (LSTC), April 2003.
[27] H. V. Gajjar, A. H. Gandhi and H. K. Raval, "Finite Element Analysis of Sheet Metal Air-bending Using Hyperform LS-DYNA," Int. J. Mech. Sys. Sci. Eng., vol. 1, no. 2, pp. 117-122, 2008.