Dynamic Action Induced By Walking Pedestrian

Authors: J. Kala, V. Salajka, P. Hradil

Abstract:

The main focus of this paper is on the human induced forces. Almost all existing force models for this type of load (defined either in the time or frequency domain) are developed from the assumption of perfect periodicity of the force and are based on force measurements conducted on rigid (i.e. high frequency) surfaces. To verify the different authors conclusions the vertical pressure measurements invoked during the walking was performed, using pressure gauges in various configurations. The obtained forces are analyzed using Fourier transformation. This load is often decisive in the design of footbridges. Design criteria and load models proposed by widely used standards and other researchers were introduced and a comparison was made.

Keywords: Pedestrian action, Experimental analysis, Fourier series, serviceability, cycle loading.

Digital Object Identifier (DOI): doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1082309

References:

[1] H. Bachmann, Lively Footbridges a Real Challenge. Proceedings of the International Conference on the Design and Dynamic Behaviour of Footbridges, Paris, France, November 20-22, 2002, pages 18-30.
[2] P. Dallard, T. Fitzpatrick, A. Flint, A. Low, R. Ridsdill Smith, M. Willford and M. Roche, London Millennium Bridge: Pedestrian-Induced Lateral Vibration. ASCE
[3] Design Manual for Road and Bridges: Loads for Highway Bridges: BD 37/01, Highway Agency, London, February, 2002.
[4] P. E. Eriksson, Vibration of Low-Frequency FloorsÔÇöDynamic Forces and Response Prediction, PhD Thesis, Unit for Dynamics in Design, Chalmers University of Technology, Goteborg, Sweden, 1994.
[5] Eurocode, Basis of Structural Design - prAnnex A2. EN1990: 2002. European Committee for Standardization, Brussels, Belgium 2002.
[6] Eurocode 5, Design of Timber Structures Part 2: Bridges, EN1995- 2: 2004, European Committee for Standardization, Brussels, Belgium 2004.
[7] Y. Fujino, B. Pacheco, S. Nakamura, P. Warnitchai, Synchronization of Human Walking Observed during Lateral Vibration of a Congested Pedestrian Bridge, Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics, 22, 741-758 (1993).
[8] H. Grundmann, H. Kreuzinger, M. Schneider, Dynamic calculations of footbridges, Bauingenieur 68 (1993) 215-225
[9] P. Hradil , J. Kala, V. Salajka, P. Vymlátil, The application of concrete nonlinear model exposed to impact load, Recent Researches in Automatic Control - 13th WSEAS International Conference on Automatic Control, Modelling and Simulation, ACMOS'11, 2011, Lanzarote, Spain, Pages 283-286, ISBN: 978-161804004-6.
[10] ISO, Bases for design of structures Serviceability of buildings and pedestrian walkways against vibration, ISO/CD 10137, International Stadardization Organization, Geneva, Switzerland, 2005.
[11] J. Kala, V. Salajka, P. Hradil, Calculation of timber outlook tower with influence of behavior of "steel-timber" connection, Advanced Materials Research, Volume 428, 2012, Pages 165-168, ISSN: 10226680 ISBN: 978-303785302-3, DOI: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMR.428.165
[12] Z. Kala, Thin-Walled Structures 49, 645-651 (2011).
[13] Z. Kala, Engineering Structures 33, 2342-2349 (2011).
[14] Z. Kala, Journal of Civil Engineering and Management 18, 81-90 (2012).
[15] J. Králik, J. Králik,jr.: Probability and Sensitivity Analysis of Machine Foundation and Soil Interaction. Applied and Computational Mechanics. ZCU Plzen. ISSN 1802-680X, 2009, Vol.3, No.1.
[16] S. V. Ohlsson, Floor Vibration and Human Discomfort, PhD Thesis, Chalmers University of Technology, Goteborg, Sweden, 1982 (in English).
[17] SETRA, Footbridges, Assessment of vibrational behaviour of footbridges under pedestrian loading, Technical guide SETRA, Paris, France 2006.
[18] P. Young, Improved floor vibration prediction methodologies, ARUP Vibration Seminar, October 4, 2001.
[19] J. E. Wheeler, Prediction and control of pedestrian induced vibration in footbridges, ASCE Journal of the Structural Division 108 (ST9) (1982) 2045-2065.
[20] S. Zivanovic, A. Pavic, and P. Reynolds, Vibration serviceability of footbridges under human-induced excitation: a literature review. Journal og Sound and Vibration 279 (2005).