Commenced in January 2007
Frequency: Monthly
Edition: International
Paper Count: 33093
Evaluation of Green Roof System for Green Building Projects in Malaysia
Authors: Muhammad Ashraf Fauzi, Nurhayati Abdul Malek, Jamilah Othman
Abstract:
The implementations of green roof have been widely used in the developed countries such as Germany, United Kingdom, United States and Canada. Green roof have many benefits such as aesthetic and economic value, ecological gain which are optimization of storm water management, urban heat island mitigation and energy conservation. In term of pollution, green roof can control the air and noise pollution in urban cities. The application of green roof in Malaysian building has been studied with the previous work of green roof either in Malaysia or other Asian region as like Indonesia, Singapore, Thailand, Taiwan and several other countries that have similar climate and environment as in Malaysia. These technologies of adapting green roof have been compared to the Green Building Index (GBI) of Malaysian buildings. The study has concentrated on the technical aspect of green roof system having focused on i) waste & recyclable materials ii) types of plants and method of planting and iii) green roof as tool to reduce storm water runoff. The finding of these areas will be compared to the suitability in achieving good practice of the GBI in Malaysia. Results show that most of the method are based on the countries own climate and environment. This suggests that the method of using green roof must adhere to the tropical climate of Malaysia. Suggestion of this research will be viewed in term of the sustainability of the green roof. Further research can be developed to implement the best method and application in Malaysian climate especially in urban cities and township.Keywords: Green roofs, vegetation, plants, material, stormwater.
Digital Object Identifier (DOI): doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1055096
Procedia APA BibTeX Chicago EndNote Harvard JSON MLA RIS XML ISO 690 PDF Downloads 5403References:
[1] KeTTHA. (2012) KementerianTenagaTeknologiHijaudan Air http://www.kettha.gov.my/default.asp; Retrieved 07.08.12, 2012.
[2] Sheng, L.X., Mari, T.S., Ariffin, A.R.M., Hussein, H. (2011). Integrated sustainable roof design. International conference on green buildings and sustainable cities. Procedia Engineering, 2, 846 - 852
[3] Ting, K. H. (2012). Tropical green building rating systems: A comparison between green building index and bca green mark. IEEE Business, Engineering & Industrial Applications Colloquium (BEIAC, Kuala Lumpur Malaysia.
[4] Ismail, A., Samad, M.H.A., Rahman, A.M.A. (2008). Using green roof concept as a passive design technology to minimize the impact of global warming 2nd International conference on built environment in developing countries (ICBEDC 2008), Kuala Lumpur.
[5] Hewage, K., Bianchini, F. (2012). "How "green" are the green roofs? Lifecycle analysis of green roof materials." Building and Environment 48: 57-65.
[6] Whittinghill, L. J., Rowe, D.B. (2011). "The role of green roof technology in urban agriculture." Renewable Agriculture and Food Systems.doi:10.1017/S174217051100038X
[7] Molineux, C. J., Fentiman, C.H., Gange, A.C. (2009). "Characterising alternative recycled waste materials for use as green roof growing media in the U.K." Ecological Engineering 35: 1507-1513.
[8] Ismail, A., Samad, M.H.A., Rahman, A.M.A. (2010). "Potted Plants on Flat Roof as a Strategy to Reduce Indoor Temperature in Malaysian Climate." American Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences 3(3): 534-539.
[9] Hermy, M., Mentens, J., Raes, D. (2006). "Green roofs as a tool for solving the rainwater runoff problem in the urbanized 21st century?" Landscape and Urban Planning 77: 217-226.
[10] Aziz, H. A., Ismail, Z. (2011). Design Guideline For Sustainable Green Roof System. 2011 International Symposium on Business, Engineering & Industrial Applications (ISBEIA2011), Langkawi, Malaysia.
[11] Ismail, W. Z. W., lsmaill, F., Hashim, A.Z., Irfan, A., Ramele,R. (2009). Potentiality of ecological friendly effect on human behavior of green building design. 1st National Conference on Environment- Behaviour Studies, Faculty of Architecture, Planning and Surveying (FSPU), UniversitiTeknologi MARA (UiTM), Shall Alam.
[12] Ting, K. H. (2012). Tropical green building rating systems: A comparison between green building index and bca green mark. IEEE Business, Engineering & Industrial Applications Colloquium (BEIAC, Kuala Lumpur Malaysia.
[13] FLL, 2002. Guidelines for the Planning, Execution and Upkeep of Green-Roof Sites (English version). ForschungsgesellschaftLandschaftsentwicklungLandschaftsbau English version, Troisdorf, Germany
[14] Castro-Lacouture, D., Sefair, J.A., Flo'rez , L., Medaglia, A.L. (2009). "Optimization model for the selection of materials using a LEED-based green building rating system in Colombia" Building and Environment 44: 1162-1170.
[15] Cabeza, L. F., Vilaa, A., Péreza, G., Solé, C., Fern├índez, A.I.(2012). "Use of rubber crumbs as drainage layer in experimental green roofs." Building and Environment 48: 101-106.
[16] Hewage, K., Bianchini, F. (2012). "Probabilistic social cost-benefit analysis for green roofs: A lifecycle approach." Building and Environment 58: 152-162.
[17] Peri, G., Traverso, M., Finkbeiner, M., Rizzo, G. (2012). "The cost of green roofs disposal in a life cycle perspective: Covering the gap " Energy: doi:10.1016/j.energy.2012.02.045
[18] Palla, A., Gnecco, I., Lanza, L.G. (2009). "Unsaturated 2D modelling of subsurface water flow in the coarse-grained porous matrix of a green roof." Journal of Hydrology 379: 193-204.
[19] Oberndorfer, E., Lundholm, J., Bass, B. (2007)."Green Roofs as Urban Ecosystems: Ecological Structures, Functions, and Services." BioScience 57(10): 823-833.
[20] Lundholm, J., MacIvor, J.S., MacDougall, Z.,Ranalli, M. (2010). "Plant Species and Functional Group Combinations Affect Green Roof Ecosystem Functions." plosone 5(3): 11.
[21] Spolek, G., Buccola, N.(2011). "A Pilot-Scale Evaluation of Green roof Runoff Retention, Detention, and Quality." Water Air Soil Pollution 216: 83-92.
[22] Rowe, D. B., Getter, K.L. (2006). "The role of extensive green roofs in sustainable development." Horticulture science 41(5): 1276-1285.
[23] Getter, K. L., Rowe, D.B (2007). "Effect of Substrate Depth and Planting Season on Sedum Plug Survival on Green Roofs." J. Environ. Hort 25(2).
[24] Rowe, D. B. (2011). "Green roofs as a means of pollution abatement." Environmental Pollution 159: 2100-2110.
[25] Dunnett, N., Nagase, A., Booth, R., Grime, P. (2008a). "Influence of vegetation composition on runoff in two simulated green roof experiments." Urban ecosystem 11: 385-398.
[26] Once, O., Celik, S., Retzlaff, W., Morgan, S.(2012). Thermal evaluation of green roof systems containing bottom ash growth media. Green Technology Conference, Tulsa, Oklahoma.
[27] Dunnett, N., Nagase, A., Hallam, A. (2008b). "The dynamics of planted and colonising species on a green roof over six growing seasons 2001- 2006: influence of substrate depth." Urban ecosystem 11: 373-384.
[28] Brenneisen, S. (2006). "Space for Urban Wildlife: Designing Green Roofs as Habitats in Switzerland." Urban Habitats 4(1).
[29] Lee, M.F., Hsieh, W. F., Ou, S.J. (2010). Roof Greening Technique Analysis. ICRM2010-Green Manufacturing, Ningbo, China.
[30] Cook-Patton, S. C., Bauerle, T.L. (2012). "Potential benefits of plant diversity on vegetated roofs: A literature review." Journal of Environmental Management 106: 85-92.
[31] MacIvor, J. S., Ranalli, M.A., Lundholm, J.T. (2011). "Performance of dry land and wetland plant species on extensive green roofs." Annals of Botany 107: 671-679.
[32] Lundholm, J. T., Wolf, D. (2008). "Water uptake in green roof microcosms: Effects of plant species and water availability." Ecological Engineering 33.
[33] Teeri, J. A., Turner, M., Gurevitch, J. (1986). "The Response of Leaf Water Potential and Crassulacean Acid Metabolism to Prolonged Drought in Sedum rubrotinctum'." Plant Physiol 81: 678-680.
[34] Johari, J., Rasidi, M.H., Said, I. (2011). Planting Technology of Green Roof for Building in Tropical Cities: A Review on Plant Selection. 5th South East Asian Technical University Consortium Symposium. Hanoi.
[35] Ismail, A., Samad, M.H.A., Rahman, A.M.A. (2011). The Investigation of Green Roof and White Roof Cooling Potential on Single Storey Residential Building in the Malaysian Climate. World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology 76.
[36] Getter, K. L., Rowe, D.B., Andresen, J.A. (2007). "Quantifying the effect of slope on extensive green roof storm water retention." Ecological Engineering 31: 225-231.
[37] Rowe, D. B., VanWoert, N.D., JAndresen, J.A.,Rugh, C.L. (2005). "Green Roof Storm water Retention: Effects of Roof Surface, Slope, and Media Depth." Journal Environment Quality 34: 1036-1044
[38] Huang, E. N., Liaw, C.H., Lai, C.T., Lin, S.C. (2011). The Effects of a Green Roof on Rainwater Runoff. Consumer Electronics, Communications and Networks (CECNet), 2011 International Conference Xianning University in Xianning, China.
[39] Gregoire, B. G., Clausen, J.C. (2011). "Effect of a modular extensive green roof on stormwater runoff and water quality "Ecological Engineering 37: 963-969.
[40] Schroll, E., Lambrinos, J., Righetti, T., Sandrock, D. (2011). "The role of vegetation in regulating stormwater runoff from green roofs in a winter rainfall climate." Ecological Engineering 37: 595-600.
[41] Stovin, V., Vesuviano, G., Kasmin, H. (2012). "The hydrological performance of a green roof test bed under UK climatic conditions." Journal of Hydrology 414-415: 148-161.
[42] Hilten, R. N., Lawrence, T.M., Tollner, E.W. (2008). "Modeling stormwater runoff from green roofs with HYDRUS-1D." Journal of Hydrology 358: 288-293.
[43] Balasubramanian, R., Vijayaraghavan, K., Joshi, U.M (2012). "A field study to evaluate runoff quality from green roofs." water research 46: 1337-1345.
[44] Hanisah M. H., Hitchmough, J.D., Muda, A. (2012 ). The Perception of Kuala Lumpur Publics- on Tree Retention and Urban Development. 1st National Conference on Environment-Behaviour Studies, 14-15 November 2009, Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, UniversitiTeknologi MARA, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia, Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences.
[45] Juneng, L., Sow, K.S., Tangang, F.T., Hussin, A.G.,Mahmud, M. (2011). "Numerical simulation of a severe late afternoon thunderstorm over Peninsular Malaysia" Atmospheric Research 99: 248-262.