Viscosity of Vegetable Oils and Biodiesel and Energy Generation

Authors: Thiago de O. Macedo, Roberto G. Pereira, Juan M. Pardal, Alexandre S. Soares, Valdir deJ. Lameira

Abstract:

The present work describes an experimental investigation concerning the determination of viscosity behavior with shear rate and temperature of edible oils: canola; sunflower; corn; soybean and the no edible oil: Jatropha curcas. Besides these, it was tested a blend of canola, corn and sunflower oils as well as sunflower and soybean biodiesel. Based on experiments, it was obtained shear stress and viscosity at different shear rates of each sample at 40ºC, as well as viscosity of each sample at various temperatures in the range of 24 to 85ºC. Furthermore, it was compared the curves obtained for the viscosity versus temperature with the curves obtained by modeling the viscosity dependency on temperature using the Vogel equation. Also a test in a stationary engine was performed in order to study the energy generation using blends of soybean oil and soybean biodiesel with diesel.

Keywords: Biofuel, energy generation, vegetable oil, viscosity.

Digital Object Identifier (DOI): doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1329827

References:

[1] Demirbas, A., Biofuels securing the planet-s future energy needs", in Energy Conversion and Management, Vol. 50 (9), 2009, pp. 2239-2249.
[2] Pereira, R.G., Oliveira, C.D., Oliveira, J.L., Oliveira, P.C.P., Fellows, C.E., Piamba, O.E., "Exhaust emissions and electric energy generation in a stationary engine using blends of diesel and soybean biodiesel", in Renewable Energy, Vol. 32 (14), 2007, pp. 2453-2460.
[3] Pereira, R.G., Tulcan, O.E.P., Lameira, V.J., Santo Filho, D.M.E., Andrade, E.T., "Use of soybean oil in energy generation", in: Krezhova, D. (Ed.), Recent trends for enhancing the diversity and quality of soybean products. InTech Publishing, Rijeka, Croatia, 2011, pp. 301- 320.
[4] Pereira, R.G., Tulcan, O.E.P., Fellows, C.E., Lameira, V.J., Quelhas, O.L.G., Aguiar, M.E., Santo Filho, D.M.E., "Sustainability and mitigation of greenhouse gases using ethyl beef tallow biodiesel in energy generation", in Journal of Cleaner Production, 29-30, 2012, pp. 269-276.
[5] Abramovay, Ricardo, Biocombustíveis - The Energy Controversy, Editora Senac, São Paulo (2009), pp. 60-97 (in Portuguese).
[6] Çengel, Yunus A., Cimbala, John M., Fluid Mechanics - Fundamentals and Applications, Editora McGraw-Hill, São Paulo (2007), pp. 41-45 (in Portuguese).
[7] Streit, Rosalvo (2012), B Diesel Oil Consumption in Brazil grows 5.2% in 2011, CNT News Agency, accessed October 1, 2012, http://www.cnt.org.br/Paginas/Agencia_Noticia.aspx?n=8076 (in Portuguese).
[8] Knothe, Gerhard, Gerpen, Jon Van, Krahl, Jürgen, Ramos, Luiz Pereira, The Biodiesel Handbook, Blucher, São Paulo (2006), pp. 89-90 (in Portuguese).
[9] Faria, Marcia Dardari Castanheira, Pinto, Ricardo Rodrigues da Cunha, Valle, Maria Let├¡cia Murta, Effect of Biodiesel in Fuel Atomization in Direct Injection Diesel Engines, Revista de Qu├¡mica Industrial, Ano 78, nº 727, 2º trimestre de 2010, pp. 20-25.
[10] Brock et al, Experimental determination of viscosity and thermal conductivity of vegetable oils, Revista Ciência e Tecnologia de Alimentos, 28(3), (2008), pp. 564-570.
[11] Stachowiak, Gwidon, Batchelor, Andrew W., Engineering Tribology, Butterworth-Heinemann, Oxford (2005), pp. 13-15.