Differentiation of Cancerous Prostate tissue from Non-Cancerous Prostate tissue by using Elastic Light Single-Scattering Spectroscopy: A Feasibility Study

Authors: T. Denkçeken, M. Canpolat, Đ. Bassorgun, S. Yücel, M.A. Çiftçioğlu, M. Baykara Murat Canpolat , Tuba Denkçeken , Đbrahim Bassorgun , Selçuk Yücel , M. Akif Çiftçioğlu , Mehmet Baykara

Abstract:

Elastic light single-scattering spectroscopy system with a single optical fiber probe was employed to differentiate cancerous prostate tissue from non-cancerous prostate tissue ex-vivo just after radical prostatectomy. First, ELSSS spectra were acquired from cancerous prostate tissue to define its spectral features. Then, spectra were acquired from normal prostate tissue to define difference in spectral features between the cancerous and normal prostate tissues. Of the total 66 tissue samples were evaluated from nine patients by ELSSS system. Comparing of histopathology results and ELSSS measurements revealed that sign of the spectral slopes of cancerous prostate tissue is negative and non-cancerous tissue is positive in the wavelength range from 450 to 750 nm. Based on the correlation between histopathology results and sign of the spectral slopes, ELSSS system differentiates cancerous prostate tissue from non- cancerous with a sensitivity of 0.95 and a specificity of 0.94.

Keywords: Diagnosis, prostatic neoplasm, prostatectomy, spectrum analysis

Digital Object Identifier (DOI): doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1075074

References:

[1] P. Boyle, and J. Ferlay, "Cancer incidence and mortality in Europe", Ann Oncol, vol. 16, pp. 481 - 488, Mar. 2005.
[2] K. Bensalah, A. Tuncel, and D. Peshwani, "Optical reflectance spectroscopy to differentiate renal tumor from normal parenchyma", J Urol, vol. 179, pp. 2010 - 2013, May 2008.
[3] K. Izuishi, H. Tajiri, T. Fujii, N. Boku, S. Yoshida, et al. "The histological basis of detection of adenoma and cancer in the colon by autofluorescence endoscopic imaging", Endoscopy, vol. 31, pp. 511- 516, Sep 1999.
[4] L.T. Perelman, V. Backman, M. Wallace, G. Zonios, R. M.S. Feld et al. "Observation of periodic fine structure in reflectance from biological tissue: A new technique for measuring nuclear size distribution", Phys. Rev. Lett, vol. 80, pp. 627-630, Jan 1998.
[5] I.J. Bigio, O. A'Amar, and M.S. Hirsch, "Elastic scattering spectroscopy for detection of prostate cancer: preliminary feasibility study," in Proc. Diagnostic Optical Spectroscopy in Biomedicine II. SPIE-OSA Biomed Optics, Germany, 2003, pp. 142-146.
[6] M. Canpolat and J. R. Mourant, "Particle size analysis of turbid media with a single optical fiber in contact with the medium to deliver and detect white light", Appl. Opt., vol. 40, pp. 3792 - 3799 , June 2001.
[7] A. Amelink, Martin P.L. Bard, S.A. Burgers, Henricus J.C.M. Sterenborg, "Single-scattering spectroscopy for the endoscopic analysis of particle size in superficial layers of turbid media", Appl. Opt., vol. 42, pp. 4095-4101, July 2003.
[8] M. Canpolat, A. Akman, M.A. Çiftçioğlu, E. Alpsoy, "Detecting skin malignancy using elastic light scattering spectroscopy," in Proc. European Conference on Biomedical Optics (ECBO) SPIE, Germany, 2007, pp. 6628.
[9] M. Canpolat, A. Aky├╝z, G.A. Gökhan, E.─É. G├╝rer, R. Tuncer, "Intraoperative brain tumor detection using elastic light single-scattering spectroscopy : a feasibility study ", J. Biomed Opt., vol. 14, pp. 054021, Oct. 2009.
[10] M. Canpolat, G.A. Gökhan, M.A. ├çift├ºio─ƒlu, N. Erin, "Differentiation of melanoma from non-cancerous tissue in an animal model using elastic light Single-Scattering Spectroscopy", Technology in Cancer Research and Treatment. vol. 3, pp. 235-240, June 2008.
[11] J. Beuthan, O. Mine, J. Helfmann, M. Herrig, and G. Muller, "The spatial variation of the refractive index in biological cells", Phys. Med. Biol. vol. 41, pp. 369-382, Mar. 1996.
[12] J.R. Mourant, J.P. Freyer, A.H. Hielscher, "Mechanism of light scattering from biological cells relevant to noninvasive optical-tissue diagnostics", Appl Opt. vol. 37, pp. 3586-3593, Jun.1998.
[13] S.B. Kim, C. Temiyasathit, K. Bensalah, A. Tuncel, "An effective classification procedure for diagnosis of prostate cancer in near infrared spectra", Expert Systems with Appl. vol. 27, pp. 3863-3869, May. 2010.