Power System Stability Optimization Using Reactive Power Programming for DFIG Wind Turbines

Authors: Mohammad Hossein Mohammadi Sanjani, Ashknaz Oraee, Mahmud Fotuhi-Firuzabad

Abstract:

The use of distributed and renewable sources in power systems has grown significantly, recently. One the most popular sources are wind farms which have grown massively. However, wind farms are connected to the grid, this can cause problems such as reduced voltage stability, frequency fluctuations and reduced dynamic stability. Variable speed generators (asynchronous) are used due to the uncontrollability of wind speed specially, Doubly Fed Induction Generators (DFIG). The most important disadvantage of DFIGs is its sensitivity to voltage drop. In the case of faults, a large volume of reactive power is induced therefore, use of FACTS devices such as Static Var Compensator (SVC) and STATCOM are suitable for improving system output performance. In this paper, in addition to modeling the reactive power control system in a DFIG with converter, FACTS devices have been used in a DFIG wind turbine to improve the stability of the power system containing two synchronous sources. In this paper, optimal control systems have been designed to minimize fluctuations caused by system disturbances, for FACTS devices employed. For this purpose, a suitable method for the selection of nine parameters for reactive power compensators is proposed. The design algorithm is formulated as an optimization problem searching for optimal parameters in the controller. Simulation results show that the proposed controller improves the stability of the network and the fluctuations are at desired speed.

Keywords: Stability, reactive power compensator, doubly fed induction generator, optimal control system, genetic algorithm, Firefly algorithm.

References:

[1] K. Padiyar, Power system dynamics. BS publications, 2008.
[2] Http://Www.Iea.Org/Statistics/.
[3] Y. Tang and L. Xu, "Stator field oriented control of doubly-excited induction machine in wind power generating system," in Circuits and Systems, 1992., Proceedings of the 35th Midwest Symposium on, 1992, pp. 1446-1449: IEEE.
[4] Y. Yuan and J. Tang, "Adaptive pitch control of wind turbine for load mitigation under structural uncertainties," Renewable Energy, vol. 105, pp. 483-494, 2017.
[5] H. Hedayati, S. Nabaviniaki, Akbarimajd, and A. Akbarimajd, "A method for placement of DG units in distribution networks," IEEE transactions on power delivery, vol. 23, no. 3, pp. 1620-1628, 2008.
[6] W. Leonhard, "Control of electrical drives (Electric Energy Systems and Engineering Series)," ed: Springer, Berlin Google Scholar, 1990.
[7] S. Engelhardt, I. Erlich, C. Feltes, J. Kretschmann, and F. Shewarega, "Reactive power capability of wind turbines based on doubly fed induction generators," IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, vol. 26, no. 1, pp. 364-372, 2011.
[8] B. Singh and S. Singh, "Reactive capability limitations of doubly-fed induction generators," Electric Power Components and Systems, vol. 37, no. 4, pp. 427-440, 2009.
[9] S. Kouadria, E. M. Berkouk, Y. Messlem, and M. Denaï, "Improved control strategy of DFIG-based wind turbines using direct torque and direct power control techniques," Journal of Renewable and Sustainable Energy, vol. 10, no. 4, p. 043306, 2018.
[10] R. R. Wandile, S. V. Karemore, and G. S. Rakesh, "Direct active and reactive power control of DFIG for wind energy generation," International Journal of Innovative Research in Electrical, Electronics, Instrumentation and Control Engineering, vol. 3, no. 5, 2015.
[11] F. M. Hughes, O. Anaya-Lara, N. Jenkins, and G. Strbac, "A power system stabilizer for DFIG-based wind generation," IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, vol. 21, no. 2, pp. 763-772, 2006.
[12] N. G. Hingorani, L. Gyugyi, and M. El-Hawary, Understanding FACTS: concepts and technology of flexible AC transmission systems. IEEE press New York, 2000.
[13] M.-m. Cheng, K. Feng, T. Isobe, and R. Shimada, "Characteristics of the magnetic energy recovery switch as a static Var compensator technology," IET Power Electronics, vol. 8, no. 8, pp. 1329-1338, 2015.
[14] Y. Chang and Z. Xu, "A novel SVC supplementary controller based on wide area signals," Electric Power Systems Research, vol. 77, no. 12, pp. 1569-1574, 2007.
[15] H. Shayeghi, H. Shayanfar, S. Jalilzadeh, and A. Safari, "Design of output feedback UPFC controller for damping of electromechanical oscillations using PSO," Energy Conversion and Management, vol. 50, no. 10, pp. 2554-2561, 2009.
[16] S. Kar and S. R. Samantaray, "Time-frequency transform-based differential scheme for microgrid protection," IET Generation, Transmission & Distribution, vol. 8, no. 2, pp. 310-320, 2014.