Terrorism as a Threat to International Peace: A Study on 9/11 Terrorism

Authors: Aftab

Abstract:

This paper is a theory-oriented study that seeks to generalize the process through which terrorism leads to the disruption of international peace. For this, it scrutinizes 9/11 terrorism based on five analytical domains of threat—security disorder, political tensions, economic adversity, socio-ideological intolerance, and the fear and cost of counterterrorism—each of which is explored in light of specific indicators. By applying qualitative correlation method, the paper finds that terrorism immediately entails five distinct kinds of negative impacts that lead to both internal disorders caused by state weakness and global disorder caused by international tensions, which in consequence, causes international peace to be disrupted. Thus, in following inductive process, the findings of this paper help to make a general inference that terrorism is a threat to international peace. 

Keywords: Domains, global disorder, internal disorder, international peace, terrorism, threat.

References:

[1] Weinberg, L. (2006). Global Terrorism: A beginner's guide. Oxford: Oneworld Publications, p.3.
[2] United Nations Charter, Article 25.
[3] Nanto, D. (2004). 9/11 Terrorism: Global Economic Costs. CRS Report for Congress.
[4] Latif, M. and Khan, R. (2011). Tackling Terrorism: Traditional Security Approaches. Pakistan Institute of International Affairs: Pakistan Horizon, 64(2).
[5] Global Terrorism Index 2016. Available at: https://www.economicsandpeace.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/11/Global-Terrorism-Index-2016.2.pdf (Accessed 5 March 2021).
[6] Young, R. (2002). Political Terrorism as a Weapon of the Politically Powerless, in Tony Coady and Michael O’Keefe, eds., Terrorism and Justice, Melbourne: Melbourne University Press, p. 23.
[7] Landau, M. Deliver Us from Evil: The Effects of Mortality Salience and Reminders of 9/11 on Support for President George W. Bush, Personality and Psychology Bulletin 30 (9), pp. 1136–1150.
[8] Jones, K. (2004). Trust and Terror, in Peggy Des Autels and Margaret Urban Walker, eds., Moral Psychology: Feminist Ethics and Social Theory, Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield, p. 10.
[9] Katzman, K. (2005). Al Qaeda: Profile and Threat Assessment. CRS Report for Congress.
[10] Haynes, J. (2004). Al-Qaeda: ideology and action. (online) Ecpr.eu. Available at: https://ecpr.eu/Filestore/PaperProposal/bea2f504-0d31-4e0f-b652-d274fd8b8b29.pdf (Accessed 1 Nov. 2017).
[11] Värk, R. (2009). Terrorism as a Threat to Peace. (online) Juridicainternational.eu. Available at: http://www.juridicainternational.eu/public/pdf/ji_2009_1_216.pdf (Accessed 1 Nov. 2017).
[12] Manual on International Cooperation in Criminal Matters related to Terrorism (2009). Available at https://www.unodc.org/documents/terrorism/Publications/Manual_Int_Coop_Criminal_Matters/English.pdf. (Accessed 13 December 2021).
[13] Plan of Action to Prevent Violent Extremism 2015. Available at https://issat.dcaf.ch/download/100959/1785072/Plan%20of%20Action%20to%20prevent%20Violent%20Extremism.pdf. (Accessed 13 December 2021).
[14] Makinen, G. (2002). The Economic Effects of 9/11: A Retrospective Assessment. Report for Congress.
[15] Wolfendale, J. (2007). Terrorism, Security, and the Threat of Counterterrorism. Studies in Conflict & Terrorism, 29(7), p.753-770.
[16] Black, I. (2002). Politicians, Media blamed for rising anti-Muslim bias, Sydney Morning Herald. Available at: http://www.smh.com.au/articles/2002/05/25/1022243271744.html. (Accessed 1 Nov. 2017).