Partial Replacement of Lateritic Soil with Crushed Rock Sand (Stone Dust) in Compressed Earth Brick Production

Authors: A. M. Jungudo, M. A. Lasan

Abstract:

Affordable housing has long been one of the basic necessities of life to man. The ever rising prices of building materials are one of the major causes of housing shortage in many developing countries. Breaching the gap of housing needs in developing countries like Nigeria is an awaiting task longing for attention. This is due to lack of research in the development of local materials that will suit the troubled economies of these countries. The use of earth material to meet the housing needs is a sustainable option and its material is freely available universally. However, people are doubtful of using the earth material due to its modest outlook and uncertain durability. This research aims at enhancing the durability of Compressed Earth Bricks (CEBs) using stone dust as a stabilizer. The result indicates that partial replacement of lateritic soil with stone dust at 30% improves its compressive strength along with abrasive resistance.

Keywords: Laterite, stone dust, compressed earth bricks, durability.

References:

[1] Pacheco-Torgal, F., & Jalali, S. (2012). Earth construction: Lessons from the past for future eco-efficient construction. Construction and building materials, 29,512-519.
[2] Obonyo, E., Exelbirt, J., & Baskaran, M. (2010). Durability of compressed earth bricks: Assessing erosion resistance using the modified spray testing. Sustainability, 2(12), 3639-3649.
[3] Adejumo, A. A. (2008). Some thoughts on affordable and social housing in Nigeria. Prototype buildings.
[4] Olorunnisola, A. O. (2019). Development of Sustainable Building Materials from Agro-Industrial Wastes in Nigeria. In Sustainable Construction and Building Materials. IntechOpen.
[5] Egenti, C., Khatib, J. M., & Oloke, D. (2014). Conceptualisation and pilot study of shelled compressed earth block for sustainable housing in Nigeria. International Journal of Sustainable Built Environment, 3(1), 72-86.
[6] Kayode, O., & Olusegun, A. E. (2013). Local building materials: a tool towards effective low-income housing in Nigeria. Middle-East Journal of Scientific Research, 18(4), 492-497.
[7] Kabiraj, K., & Mandal, U. K. (2012). Experimental investigation and feasibility study on stabilized compacted earth block using local resources. International Journal of Civil and Structural Engineering, 2(3), 829.
[8] Alagbe, O. A. (2010). Knowledge as a Determinant of Acceptability of Compressed Stabilized Laterite Bricks for Affordable Housing in Nigeria.
[9] Oshike, E. E. (2015). Building with earth in Nigeria: A review of the past and present efforts to enhance future housing developments. International Journal of Science, Environment and Technology, 4(1), 646-660.
[10] P. Chandru, J. Karthikeyan, C. Natarajan (2020). Sustainable Materials in Building Construction. Springer nature, Switzerland.
[11] Bredenoord, J. (2016). Sustainable housing and building materials for low-income households. Journal of Architectural Engineering Technology, 5(1), 1-9.
[12] Guillaud, H., Joffroy, T., & Odul, P. (1995). Compressed earth blocks: Manual of design and construction. Vieweg, Eschborn, Germany.
[13] Taylor, P., & Luther, M. B. (2004). Evaluating rammed earth walls: a case study. Solar Energy, 76(1-3), 79-84.
[14] Salim, R., Ndambuki, J., & Adedokun, D. (2014). Improving the bearing strength of sandy loam soil compressed earth block bricks using sugercane bagasse ash. Sustainability, 6(6), 3686-3696.
[15] Nijland, T. G., Adan, O. C., Van Hees, R. P., & van Etten, B. D. (2009). Evaluation of the effects of expected climate change on the durability of building materials with suggestions for adaptation. Heron, 54(1), 37-48.
[16] Roja, S. Y., Balaji, N. A., Kumar, N. A., Kirubakarn, L., & Vetrivel, R. Behaviour Of Paver Blocks With Partial Replacement Of Sand using Quarry Dust. International Journal of Engineering Research and Modern Education”, Special Issue, ISSN, 2455-4200.
[17] Satyanarayana, P. V. V., Raghu, P., Kumar, R. A., & Pradeep, N. (2013). Performance of crusher dust in high plastic gravel soils as road construction material. IOSR Journal of mechanical and civil engineering, 10(3), 1-5.
[18] Shyam Prakash, K., & Rao, C. H. (2016). Study on compressive strength of quarry dust as fine aggregate in concrete. Advances in Civil Engineering, 2016.
[19] Ramadas, T. L., Kumar, N. D., & Aparna, G. (2010, December). Swelling and strength characteristics of expansive soil treated with stone dust and fly Ash. In Indian geotechnical conference (pp. 557-560).
[20] Centre for the Development of Enterprise. Compressed Earth Blocks (testing procedures). Technologies Series Guide Nr 16.