Comparison Physicochemical Properties of Hexane Extracted Aniseed Oil from Cold Press Extraction Residue and Cold Press Aniseed Oil

Authors: Derya Ören Duran, Şeyma Akalin Benderli

Abstract:

Cold press technique is a traditional method to obtain oil. The cold-pressing procedure involves neither heat nor chemical treatments; therefore, cold press technique has low oil yield. The cold pressed herbal material residue still contains some oil after cold press. In this study, the oil that is remained in the cold pressed aniseed was extracted with hexane; and it was analyzed to determine physicochemical properties and quality parameters. It was found that the aniseed after cold press process still contained 10% oil. The values of other analysis parameters were 2.1 mgKOH/g for free fatty acid (FFA) and 7.6 meq0₂/kg for peroxide. Cold pressed aniseed oil values were determined as 2.1 mgKOH/g for FFA and 4.5 meq0₂/kg for peroxide, respectively. In addition, fatty acid composition was analyzed, and it was found that both types of oil had same fatty acid compositions. The main fatty acids were oleic, linoleic and palmitic acids.

Keywords: Aniseed oil, cold press, extraction, residue.

References:

[1] Ullah H & Honermeier B., “Fruit yield, essential oil concentration and composition of three aniseed cultivars (Pimpinella anisum L.) in relation to sowing date, sowing rate and locations.” Industrial Crops and Products, vol.42, pp. 489- 499, 2013.
[2] M. Acimovic et all. “Essential oils of Pimpinella anisum and Foeniculum vulgare” Botanica Serbica, vol.39 (1), pp. 09-14, 2015.
[3] Asadi-kavan, Z., Ghorbanli, M., Pessaraki, M., & Sateei, A., “Effect of polyethylene glycol and its interaction with ascorbate on seed germination index in Pimpinella anisum L.” Journal of Food, Agriculture and Environment, vol. 7(3&4), pp.662–666, 2009.
[4] Acimovic, M. G., Korac, J., Jacimovic, G., & Oljaca, S., “Influence of ecological conditions on seeds traits and essential oil contents in aniseed (Pimpinella anisum L.).” Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj- Napoca, vol. 42(1), pp.232–238, 2014.
[5] Ozel, A., “Anise (Pimpinella anisum): Changes in yields and component composition on harvesting at different stages of plant maturity”. Expl Agric, vol.45, pp.117–126, 2009.
[6] Figueiredo AC, Barroso JG, Pedro LG, Scheffer JJC. Factors affecting secondary metabolite production in plants: volatile components and essential oils. Flavour Fragr J.;23:213-226, 2008.
[7] Picon, P. D., Picon, R. V., Costa, A. F., Sander, G. B., Amaral, K. M., Aboy, A. L., & Henriques, A. T. “Randomized clinical trial of a phytotherapic compound containing Pimpinella anisum, Foeniculum vulgare, Sambucus nigra, and Cassia augustifolia for chronic constipation.” BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine, vol:17 pp.10-17, 2010.
[8] Yamini, Y., Bahramifar, N., Sefidkon, F., Saharkhiz, M. J., & Salamifar, E. “Extraction of essential oil from Pimpinella anisum using supercritical carbon dioxide and comparison with hydrodistillation”. Natural Product Research, vol.22(3), pp.212–218, 2008.
[9] Ross I.A., “Medicianl plants of the world: chemical constitutes, traditional and modern medicinal uses”. Humana press, Volume 2, pp.363-37, 2001.
[10] Naher S., Ghosh A., Aziz S., “Comparative Studies on Physicochemical Properties and GC-MS Analysis of Essential Oil of the Two Varieties of the Aniseed (Pimpinella anisum Linn.) in Bangladesh“. Int.J. Pharm. Phytopharmacol. Res. vol.2(2): pp.92-95, 2012.
[11] Shojaii A and Fard M.A., “Review of Pharmacological Properties and Chemical Constituents of Pimpinella anisum” ISRN Pharmaceutics Volume, Article ID 510795, pp.1-8, 2012.
[12] EMEA Committee on Herbal Medicinal Products (HMPC) (2012) Assessment report on Pimpinella anisum L., fructus and Pimpinella anisum L., aetheroleum, EMEA/HMPC/321181/2012.
[13] Fawzy R. M., and Mohsen M. S., “Antiradical and antimicrobial properties of cold-pressed black cumin and cumin oils” Eur. Food res. Technol., vol: 234 pp.833-844, 2012.
[14] Crews C., Hough P., Godward J., Brereton P., Lees, M. and Guiet, S., “Quantitation of the main constituents of some authentic grape-seed oils of different origin”. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, vol: 54, pp.6261–6265, 2006.
[15] Yu, L., Zhou, K. And Parry, J. “Antioxidant properties of coldpressed black caraway, carrot, cranberry, and hemp seed oils”. Food Chem. Vol: 91, pp.723–729 2005.
[16] Bail S, Stuebiger G, Krist S, Unterweger H, Buchbauer G.. “Characterisation of various grape seed oils by volatile compounds, triacylglycerol composition, total phenols and antioxidant capacity”. Food Chem. Vol: 108, pp.1122-1132, 2008.
[17] British Pharmacopoeia. Herbal Drugs and Herbal Drug Preparations Milk-thistle Fruit. Volume III. pp: 7173p. 2009.
[18] Duran D., Ötleş S., Karasulu E., “Determination Amount of Silymarin and Pharmaceutical Products from Milk Thistle Waste Obtained from Cold Press” Acta Pharm. Sci. Vol 57(1), pp 85-101, 2019.
[19] Rajab A. “Comparative Study of Physical and Chemical Properties of the Oil Extracted from Fresh and Storage Aniseed and Determination of the Optimal Extraction Method” IJPPR, Volume 8, Issue 9: September 2016.
[20] Satibeşe E, Doğan A., Yavaş İ., “The effects of storage period on aniseed essantial oil composition” Gida. vol: 19 (5), pp.295-299. 1994.
[21] Albulushi S.,M.,Saidi H., Amaresh N., Mullaicharam A., Study of Physicochemical Properties, Antibacterial and GC-MS Analysis of Essential Oil of the Aniseed (Pimpinella anisum Linn.) in Oman, RRJPP vol:2, 24-33, 2014
[22] Sun et al., “Anise (Pimpinella anisum L.), a dominant spice and traditional medicinal herb for both food and medicinal purposes”. Cogent Biology, Vol: 5 pp. 5-25. 2019.