Engineering Photodynamic with Radioactive Therapeutic Systems for Sustainable Molecular Polarity: Autopoiesis Systems

Authors: Moustafa Osman Mohammed

Abstract:

This paper introduces Luhmann’s autopoietic social systems starting with the original concept of autopoiesis by biologists and scientists, including the modification of general systems based on socialized medicine. A specific type of autopoietic system is explained in the three existing groups of the ecological phenomena: interaction, social and medical sciences. This hypothesis model, nevertheless, has a nonlinear interaction with its natural environment ‘interactional cycle’ for the exchange of photon energy with molecular without any changes in topology. The external forces in the systems environment might be concomitant with the natural fluctuations’ influence (e.g. radioactive radiation, electromagnetic waves). The cantilever sensor deploys insights to the future chip processor for prevention of social metabolic systems. Thus, the circuits with resonant electric and optical properties are prototyped on board as an intra–chip inter–chip transmission for producing electromagnetic energy approximately ranges from 1.7 mA at 3.3 V to service the detection in locomotion with the least significant power losses. Nowadays, therapeutic systems are assimilated materials from embryonic stem cells to aggregate multiple functions of the vessels nature de-cellular structure for replenishment. While, the interior actuators deploy base-pair complementarity of nucleotides for the symmetric arrangement in particular bacterial nanonetworks of the sequence cycle creating double-stranded DNA strings. The DNA strands must be sequenced, assembled, and decoded in order to reconstruct the original source reliably. The design of exterior actuators have the ability in sensing different variations in the corresponding patterns regarding beat-to-beat heart rate variability (HRV) for spatial autocorrelation of molecular communication, which consists of human electromagnetic, piezoelectric, electrostatic and electrothermal energy to monitor and transfer the dynamic changes of all the cantilevers simultaneously in real-time workspace with high precision. A prototype-enabled dynamic energy sensor has been investigated in the laboratory for inclusion of nanoscale devices in the architecture with a fuzzy logic control for detection of thermal and electrostatic changes with optoelectronic devices to interpret uncertainty associated with signal interference. Ultimately, the controversial aspect of molecular frictional properties is adjusted to each other and forms its unique spatial structure modules for providing the environment mutual contribution in the investigation of mass temperature changes due to pathogenic archival architecture of clusters.

Keywords: Autopoiesis, quantum photonics, portable energy, photonic structure, photodynamic therapeutic system.

References:

[1] Wagner V, Dullaart A, Bock AK, Zweck A, (2006) “The Emerging Nanomedicine Landscape”, Nat Biotechnol, Vol. 10: pp. 1211–1217, 2006.
[2] Abhilash M, (2010) “Nanorobots”, International Journal of Pharma and Bio Sciences Vol. 1 (1): pp. 110, 2010.
[3] Barbosa G, Silva P A F, Luz G V S and Brasil L M, (2015) “Nanotechnology Applied in Drug Delivery”, In World Congress on Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering 51st Edition, Toronto, Canadá: Springer International Publishing Switzerland, Physics Letters, Vol. 89 (23): pp. 9–11, 2015.
[4] Vettiger P, Cross G, Despont M, Drechsler, Dürig U, Gotsmann B, Häberle W, Lantz M A, Rothuizen H E, Stutz R and Binnig G K, (2002), “The Millipede Nanotechnology Entering Data Storage”, IEEE Transactions on Nanotechnology, Vol. 1 (1): pp. 3955, 2002.
[5] Songhua Xiaoa, Daoyou Zhou, Ping Luan, Beibei Gu, Longbao Feng, Shengnuo Fan, Wang Liao, Wenli Fang, Lianhong Yang, Enxiang Tao, Rui Guo, Jun Liu, (2016) “Graphene quantum dots conjugated neuroprotective peptide improve learning and memory capability”, Biomaterials, Vol. 106: pp. 98–110, November, 2016.
[6] Ji X, Pen F, Zhong Y, Su Y, He Y, (2014) “Fluorescent quantum dots: synthesis, biomedical optical imaging, and biosafety assessment”, Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces, Vol. 124: pp. 132–139, 2014.
[7] Rocha T L, Mestre N C, Saboia-Morais S M T, Bebianno M J, (2017) “Environ¬mental behaviour and ecotoxicity of quantum dots at various trophic levels: a review”, Environ Int., Vol. 98: pp. 1–17, 2017.
[8] Caren, Neal and Aaron Panofski (2005) “TQCA: A Technique for Adding Temporality to Qualitative Comparative Analysis”, Sociological Methods and Research, Vol. 34(2): pp. 147-172, 2005. https://doi.org/10.1177%2F0049124105277197
[9] Giaretta A, Balasubramaniam S, and Conti M, (2016), “Security Vulnerabilities and Countermeasures for Target Localization in Bio-Nano Things Communication Networks”, in IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security, Vol. 11 (4): pp. 665-676, April 2016.
[10] Christopher G. Hudson and Yvonne M. Vissing, (2013) “Sustainability at the Edge of Chaos: Its Limits and Possibilities in Public Health”, BioMed Research International, Vol. 2013, Article ID 801614, 7 pages, 2013. https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/801614/
[11] Bock et al. (2010) “Permanent Genetic Resources added to Molecular Ecology Resources Database”, Molecular Ecology Resources, Vol.10 (1):232-6, 2010 Jan. doi: 10.1111/j.1755-0998.2009.02796.x. PMID: 21565018.
[12] Dittrich-Schröder G, Hoareau T B, Hurley B P, Wingfield M J, Lawson S, Nahrung H F, and Slippers B, (2018) “Population Genetic Analyses of Complex Global Insect Invasions in Managed Landscapes: A Leptocybe Invasa (Hymenoptera) Case Study”, Biological Invasions, Volume 20, Issue 9, pp. 2395–2420, September 2018. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10530-018-1709-0
[13] Maturana, H R, Varela, F J, (1973) “Autopoiesis: the organization of the living”, In: Maturana H R and Varela F J, eds.: Autopoiesis and Cognition, Reidel, pp. 59-138, 1973.
[14] Jeffrey Braithwaite, Luke Testa, Gina Lamprell, Jessica Herkes, Kristiana Ludlow, Elise McPherson, Margie Campbell, and Joanna Holt, (2017) “Built to last? The Sustainability of Health System Improvements, Interventions and Change Strategies: A Study Protocol for a Systematic Review”, BMJ open, Vol. 7, no. 11, 2017.
[15] Fernández Nelson, Maldonado C, and Gershenson C, (2014), “Information Measures of Complexity, Emergence, Self-organization, Homeostasis, and Autopoiesis”, In Guided Self-Organization: Inception, pages 1951. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, 2014.
[16] Vanderstraeten R, (2000) “Autopoiesis and Socialization: on Luhmann’s reconceptualization of communication and socialization”, British Journal of Sociology Vol. 51: pp. 581–598, 2000.
[17] Mingers J, (1989), “An Introduction to Autopoiesis - Implications and Applications”, Systems Practice, Vol.2 (2): pp.159-180, 1989.
[18] Matthias Fischer, (2015) “Fit for the future? A New Approach in the Debate about what Makes healthcare Systems Really Sustainable”, Sustainability (Switzerland), Vol.7 (1): pp.294–312, 2015.
[19] Roli A, Villani M, Filisetti A, and Serra R, (2018), “Dynamical Criticality: Overview and Open Questions”, Journal of Systems Science and Complexity, Vol. 31 (3): pp.647663, Iune 2018. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11424-017-6117-5
[20] West G B, and Brown J H, (2005) “The Origin of Allometric Scaling Laws in Biology From Genomes To Ecosystems: Towards A Quantitative Unifying Theory of Biological Structure and Organization”, Journal of experimental biology, Vol. 208(9):1575-1592, 2005; https://doi.org/10.1242/jeb.01589 PMID: 15855389
[21] Castro-Nallar E, Pérez-Losada M, Burton GF, and Crandall KA, (2012) “The Evolution of HIV: Inferences Using Phylogenetics”, Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, Vol.62 (2): pp.777-92, Feb. 2012. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2011.11.019
[22] Akyildiz I F, Pierobon M, Balasubramaniam S, Koucheryavy Y, (2015) “Internet of Bio-Nano Things”, IEEE Communications Magazine, Vol. 53 (3): pp. 32-40, March 2015.
[23] Berg S, Luther S, Lehnart S E, Hellenkamp K, Bauernschmitt R, Kurths J, Wessel N, and Parlitz U, (2010) “Comparison of Features Characterizing Beat-to-Beat Time Series”, Proceedings of the International Biosignal Processing Conference, Berlin, Germany, Vol.49: pp. 1–4, 2010.
[24] Frank B, Pompe B, Schneider U, and Hoyer D, (2006) “Permutation Entropy Improves Fetal Behavioural State Classification Based on Heart Rate Analysis from Biomagnetic Recordings in Near Term Fetuses”, Med. Biol. Eng. Comput., Vol.44: pp.179–187, 2006.
[25] Akselrod S, Gordon D, Ubel F A, Shannon D C, Barger A C, and Cohen R J, (1981) “Power Spectrum Analysis of Heart Rate Fluctuation: A Quantitative Probe of Beat-To- Beat Cardiovascular Control”, Science, Vol.213: pp.220–222, 1981.
[26] Task Force of the European Society of Cardiology and the North American Society of Pacing and Electrophysiology, (1996) “Heart Rate Variability”, European Heart Journal, Vol.17: pp.354–381, 1996.
[27] Wessel N, Voss A, Kurths J, Saparin P, Witt A, Kleiner H J, Dietz R, (1994) “Renormalised Entropy: A New Method of Non-Linear Dynamics for The Analysis of Heart Rate Variability”, Computer. Cardiol. 21: pp. 137–140, 1994.
[28] Wessel N, Voss A, Malberg H, Ziehmann Ch, Voss H U, Schirdewan A, Meyerfeldt U, and Kurths J, (2000) “Nonlinear Analysis of Complex Phenomena in Cardiological Data”, Herzschr. Elektrophys, Vol. 11 (3): pp.159–173, 2000.
[29] Wessel N, Malberg H, Bauernschmitt R, and Kurths J, (2007) “Nonlinear Methods of Cardiovascular Physics and their Clinical Applicability”, Int. J. Bif. Chaos, Vol.17 (1): pp.3325–3371, 2007.
[30] Kurths J, Voss A, Saparin P, Witt A, Kleiner H J, and Wessel N, (1995) “Quantitative Analysis of Heart Rate Variability”, Chaos, Vol.5 (1): pp.88–94, 1995.
[31] Wessel N, Ziehmann C, Kurths J, Meyerfeldt U, Schirdewan A, Voss A, (2000) “Short-Term Forecasting of Life-Threatening Cardiac Arrhythmias Based on Symbolic Dynamics”, Phys. Rev. E., Vol.61 (1): pp.733–739, 2000.
[32] Cysarz D, Lange S, Matthiessen P F, van Leeuwen P, (2007) “Regular Heartbeat Dynamics are Associated with Cardiac Health”, Am. J. Physiol. Regul. Integr. Comp. Physiol., Vol. 292: R368–R372, 2007.
[33] Porta A, et al., (2001) “Entropy, Entropy Rate, And Pattern Classification as Tools to Typify Complexity in Short Heart Period Variability Series”, IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering, Vol.48: pp.1282–1291, 2001.
[34] Porta A, et al., (2007) “An Integrated Approach Based on Uniform Quantization for The Evaluation of Complexity of short-term Heart Period Variability: Application to 24 H Holter Recordings in Healthy and Heart Failure Humans”, Chaos, Vol.17: pp.015117, 2007.
[35] Voss A, Kurths J, Kleiner H J, Witt A., Wessel N., Saparin P., Osterziel K J, Schurath R, and Dietz R, (1996) “The Application of Methods of Non-Linear Dynamics for The Improved And Predictive Recognition of Patients Threatened by Sudden Cardiac Death”, Cardiovasc. Res., Vol.31: pp. 419–433, 1996.
[36] Moore M, and Nakano T, (2011) “Addressing by Beacon Distances using Molecular Communication”, Nano Communication Network Journal (Elsevier), Vol. 2: pp. 161173, 2011.
[37] Moore M, and Nakano T, (2013) “Addressing by Concentrations of Receptor Saturation in Bacterial Communication”, In Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Body Area Networks (BodyNets ’13), ICST (Institute for Computer Sciences, Social-Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering), ICST, Brussels, Belgium, Belgium, pp. 472-475, 2013.
[38] Thomas S G, Csutak S, Jones R E, Bharatan S, Jasper C, Thomas R, Zirkle T, Campbell J C, (2002) “CMOS-Compatible Photodetector Fabricated on Thick SO1 Having Deep Implanted Electrodes”, Electronics Lett 26th, Vol.38: pp.1202-1204, 2002;
[39] Hanada E, Antoku Y, Tani S, Kimura M, Hasegawa A, Urano S, Ohe K, Yamaki M, and Nose Y, (2000) “Electromagnetic Interference on Medical Equipment by Low-Power Mobile Telecommunication Systems”, IEEE Transactions on Electromagnetic Compatibility, Vol. 42 (4): pp. 470-476, Nov. 2000.
[40] Sharma N N, and Mittal R K, (2008), “Nanorobot Movement: Challenges and Biologically Inspired Solutions”, International Journal on Smart Sensing and Intelligent Systems, Vol.1 (1): pp.87109, 2008.
[41] Malliani A, Pagani M, Lombardi F, Cerutti S, (1991) “Cardiovascular Neural Regulation Explored In the Frequency Domain”, Circulation, Vol.84: pp.482–492, 1991.
[42] Xu Y, Murray J, and Munday J N, (2014) “Photonics and Plasmonics for Enhanced Photovoltaic Performance”. In: Wu J, Wang MZ (eds) Quantum Dot Solar Cells, Springer New York, New York, pp.349–382, 2014.
[43] Gonzalez M J, Massari J R M, Duconge J, Riordan N H, Ichim T, Quintero-Del-Rio A I, and Ortiz N, (2012) “The Bio-Energetic Theory of Carcinogenesis”, Med Hypotheses, Vol.79: pp.433–439, 2012.
[44] Cavalcanti A, Shirinzadeh B, Freitas Jr R A, and Hogg T, (2007) “Nanorobot Architecture for Medical Target Identification”, Nanotechnology, Vol. 19 (1): pp. 015103, November, 2007. https://iopscience.iop.org/0957-4484/19/1/015103
[45] Earhart K C, Beadle C, Miller L K, Press M W, Gary G C, Ledbetter E K, and Wallace M R, (2001) “Outbreak of influenza in highly vaccinated crewof US Navy ship”, Emerge. Infect. Dis., Vol. 7(3): pp. 463–465, 2001.
[46] Hillman M R, (2002) “Overview: Cause and Prevention in Bio Warfare and Bioterrorism”, Vaccine, Vol. 20 (25-26): pp.3055– 3067, 2002.
[47] Frohlich H (1983) “Evidence for Coherent Excitation in Biological Systems”, International Journal of Quantum Chemistry, Vol. 13: pp.1589–1595, 1983.
[48] Braff D, (1994) “Fast Contact Force Computation for No Penetrating Rigid Bodies”, in Computer Graphics Proceedings, Annual Conf. Series. ACM SIGGRAPH, pp. 23-34, 1994.
[49] Dogan U, Kasap E, Cetin D, et al., (2016), “Rapid Detection of Bacteria Based on Homogenous Immunoassay Using Chitosan Modified Quantum Dots”, Sens Actuators B Chem, Vol. 233: pp. 369–378, 2016.
[50] Lulec S Z, Sagiroglu C, Mostafazadeh A, Ermek E, Timurdogan E, Leblebici Y, and Urey H, (2012) “Simultaneous Self-Sustained Actuation and Parallel Readout with MEMS Cantilever Sensor Array”, Micro Electro Mech. Syst. (MEMS), IEEE 25th Int. Conf., pp.644–647, 2012. https://dx.doi.org/10.1109/MEMSYS.2012.6170269.
[51] Hou H, Bai X, Xing C, Gu N, Zhang B, Tang J, (2013) “Aptamer-Based Cantilever Array Sensors for Oxytetracycline Detection”, Anal. Chem. Vol.85: pp. 2010–2014, 2013. https://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ac3037574
[52] Cakmak O, Ermek E, Kilinc N, Yaralioglu G G, and Urey H, (2015) “Precision Density and Viscosity Measurement using two Cantilevers with Different Widths”, Sens. Actuators A Phys. Vol.232: pp.141–147, 2015. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sna.2015.05.024
[53] Grass R N, (2015) “Robust Chemical Preservation of Digital Information on DNA in Silica with Error-Correcting Codes”, Angewandte Chemie International Edition, Vol. 54 (8): pp. 2552-2555, 2015.
[54] Onur Cakmak, Caglar Elbuken, Erhan Ermek, Aref Mostafazadeh, Ibrahim Barisc, Erdem Alaca B, Ibrahim Halil Kavakli, and Hakan Ureyb, (2013) “Microcantilever Based Disposable Viscosity Sensor for Serum and Blood Plasma Measurements”, Methods Vol.63(3): pp.225–232, October 2013. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ymeth.2013.07.009.
[55] Zhou W, and Wang L Z, (2011), “Three-Dimensional Nano Architectures Designing Next Generation Devices”, Springer, New York, 2011.
[56] Parlitz U, Berg S, Luther S, Schirdewan A, Kurths J, and Wessel N, (2012) “Classifying Cardiac Biosignals using Ordinal Pattern Statistics and Symbolic Dynamics”, Computers in Biology and Medicine, Vol. 42(3): pp. 319-327, 2012. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compbiomed.2011.03.017
[57] Polesel-Maris J, Aeschimann L, Meister A, Ischer R, Bernard E, Akiyama T et al., (2007) “Piezoresistive Cantilever Array for Life Sciences Applications”, J. Phys.Conf. Ser., Vol.6: pp.955–959, 2007. https://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/61/1/189
[58] Gruber K., Horlacher T., Castelli R., Mader A., Seeberger P.H., Hermann B a, (2011) “Cantilever Array Sensors Detect Specific Carbohydrate-Protein Interactions with Picomolar Sensitivity”, ACS Nano, Vol.5: pp.3670–3678, 2011. https://dx.doi.org/10.1021/nn103626q
[59] Ozturk A, Ocakli H I, Ozber N, Urey H, Kavakli I H, and Alaca B E, (2008) “A Magnetically Actuated Resonant Mass Sensor with Integrated Optical Readout”, IEEE Photonics Technology Lett., Vol. 20: pp. 905-1907, 2008.
[60] Timurdogan E, Alaca B E, Kavakli I H, and Urey H, (2011) “MEMS Biosensor for Detection of Hepatitis A and C Viruses in Serum”, Biosensors and Bioelectronics, Vol.28: pp.189-194, 2011.
[61] Lenaghan S C, Wang Y, Xi N, Fukuda T, Tarn T, Hamel W R, and Zhang M, (2013), “Grand Challenges in Bioengineered Nanorobotics for Cancer Therapy”, IEEE Trans Biomed Eng., Vol. 60: pp. 667–673, 2013.
[62] Xu X, Kim K, and Fan D, (2015) “Tunable Release of Multiplex Biochemicals by Plasmonically Active Rotary Nanomotors”, Angewandte Chemie (International ed. In English) 54 (8): pp. 25259, 2015.
[63] Weiss J R M, Menolfi C, Morf T, Schmatz M L., Jaeckel H. (2005) “Effect of Body Contacts on High-Speed Circuits in 90 Nm CMOS SOI Technology”, IEEE ISSCS Int’l Symposium on Signals, Circuits and Systems, Vol. 2: pp. 537-540, 2005
[64] Goicoechea J, Zamarreño C R, Matias I R, and Arregui F J, (2007) “Minimizing the Photo Bleaching of Self-Assembled Multilayers for Sensor Applications”, Sens. Actuator B-Chem., Vol. 126 (1): pp. 41–47, 2007.
[65] Neuss S, Bartel Y, Born C, Weil S, Koch J, Behrends C, Hoffmeister M, and Steinle A, (2018) “Cellular Mechanisms Controlling Surfacing of AICL Glycoproteins, Cognate Ligands of the Activating NK Receptor NKp80”, J Immunol., Vol.201(4): pp.1275-1286, 2018 Aug 15. https://doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.1800059
[66] Yuan F L, Li S H, Fan Z T, Meng X Y, Fan L Z, and Yang S H, (2016) “Shining Carbon Dots: Synthesis and Biomedical and Optoelectronic Applications”, Nano Today, 11, 565–586, 2016.
[67] Shan X Y, Chai L J, Ma J J, Qian Z S, Chen J R, and Feng H, (2014) “B-Doped Carbon Quantum Dots as a Sensitive Fluorescence Probe for Hydrogen Peroxide and Glucose Detection”, Analyst, Vol.139: pp.2322–2325, 2014.
[68] Lavrik N V, Sepaniak M J, and Datskos P G, “Cantilever Transducers as a Platform for Chemical and Biology Sensors,” Review of Scientific Instruments, vol. 75, pp. 2229–2253, 2004.
[69] Liu, W J, Li C, Ren Y J, Sun X B, Pan W, Li Y H, Wang J P, and Wang W J, (2016) “Carbon Dots: Surface Engineering and Applications”, J. Mater. Chem. B, Vol.4: pp.5772–5788, 2016.
[70] Wolfbeis O S, (2015) “An Overview of Nanoparticles Commonly Used in Fluorescent Bioimaging”, Chem. Soc. Rev., Vol.44: pp.4743–4768, 2015.
[71] Swenberg J A, Lu K, Moeller B C, et al. (2011) “Endogenous Versus Exogenous DNA Adducts: Their Role in Carcinogenesis, Epidemiology and Risk Assessment”, Toxicol Sci., Vol.120: pp. 130 – 145, 2011.
[72] Cadet J, Douki T, Ravanat J-L, (2008) “Oxidatively Generated Damage to the Guanine Moiety of DNA: Mechanistic Aspects and Formation in Cells”, Acc Chem Res, Vol.41: pp. 1075 – 1083, 2008.
[73] Dizdaroglu M, Jaruga P, (2012) “Mechanisms of free radical-induced damage to DNA”, Free Radic Res, Vol. 46: pp. 382 – 419, 2012.
[74] O’Neill P, Wardman P, (2009) “Radiation Chemistry Comes Before Radiation Biology”, Int J Radiat Biol., Vol. 85: pp. 9–25, 2009.
[75] Pouget J-P, Frelon S, Ravanat J-L, et al. (2002) “Formation of Modified DNA Bases in Cells Exposed Either to Gamma Radiation or to High-LET Particles”, Radiation Research, Vol.157: pp.589–595, 2002.
[76] Von Sonntag C, (2006) “Free-Radical-Induced DNA Damage and Its Repair”, Heidelberg: Springer; 2006
[77] Dixon K L, (2003) “The Radiation Biology of Radioimmunotherapy”, Nuclear Medicine Communications, Vol.24 (9): pp. 951-57, 2003.
[78] Lieber M.R, (2010) “The Mechanism of Double-Strand DNA Break Repair by the Nonhomologous DNA End-Joining Pathway”, Annu. Rev. Biochem., Vol.79: pp.181–211, 2010.
[79] Thompson LH, Schild D, (2001) “Homologous Recombinational Repair of DNA Ensures Mammalian Chromosome Stability”, Mutat Res, Vol. 477: pp. 131–153, 2001.
[80] Willers H, Xia F, Powell S N, (2002) “Recombinational DNA Repair in Cancer and Normal Cells: The Challenge of Functional Analysis”, J Biomed Biotechnol, Vol. 2: pp. 86– 93, 2002
[81] Powell S N, Kachnic L A (2003) “Roles of BRCA1 and BRCA2 in Homologous Recombination, DNA Replication Fidelity and the Cellular Response to Ionizing Radiation”, Oncogene, Vol. 22: pp. 5784–5791, 2003.
[82] Jackson S P, (2002) “Sensing and Repairing DNA Double-Strand Breaks”, Carcinogenesis Vol. 23: pp. 687–696, 2002.
[83] Khanna K K, Jackson S P, (2001) “DNA Double-Strand Breaks: Signaling, Repair and the Cancer Connection”, Nat Genet Vol. 27: pp. 247–254, 2001.
[84] Botchway S W, Reynolds P, Parker A W, and O’Neill P, (2012) “Laser-Induced Radiation Microbeam Technology and Simultaneous Real-Time Fluorescence Imaging in Live Cells”, Methods Enzymol., Vol.504: pp.3–28, 2012.
[85] Datta K, Jaruga P, Dizdaroglu M, Neumann R D, and Winters T A, (2006) “Molecular Analysis of Base Damage Clustering Associated with a Site-Specific Radiation-Induced DNA Double-Strand Break”, Radiation Research., Vol.166: pp.767-781, 2006.
[86] Datta K, Neumann R D, Winters T A, (2005) “Characterization of Complex Apurinic/Apyrimidinic-Site Clustering Associated with an Authentic Site-Specific Radiation-Induced DNA Double-Strand Break”, Proc National Academy Science USA, Vol.102: pp.10569-10574, 2005.
[87] Kamal Datta, Shubhadeep Purkayastha, Ronald D Neumann, Elzbieta Pastwa, and Thomas A Winters, (2011) “Base Damage Immediately Upstream from Double-Strand Break Ends is a More Severe Impediment to Nonhomologous End Joining Than Blocked 30-Termini”, Radiation Research., Vol.175 (1): pp.97-112, 2011. https://doi.org/10.1667/RR2332.1
[88] Zharkov D O, (2008) “Base Excision DNA Repair”, Cell Mol Life Sci., Vol.65: pp.1544-1565, 2008.
[89] Macrae C J, McCulloch R D, Ylanko J, Durocher D, and Koch C A, (2008) “APLF (C2orf13) Facilitates Nonhomologous End-Joining and Undergoes ATM-Dependent Hyperphosphorylation Following Ionizing Radiation”, DNA Repair, Vol.7: pp.292–302, 2008.
[90] David-Cordonnier M-H, Laval J, O’Neill P, (2000) “Clustered DNA Damage, Influence on Damage Excision by XRS5 Nuclear Extracts and Escherichia Coli Nth and Fpg Proteins”, J Biological Chemistry, Vol.275: pp.11865-11873, 2000.
[91] Lomax ME, Cunniffe S, O’Neill P, (2004) “8-OxoG Retards the Activity of the Ligase III/XRCC1 Complex During the Repair of a Single Strand Break, When Present within a Clustered DNA Damage Site”, DNA Repair, Vol.3: pp.289-299, 2004.
[92] Eccles L J, Lomax M E, O’Neill P, (2010) “Hierarchy of Lesion Processing Governs the Repair, Double-Strand Break Formation and Mutability of Three-Lesion Clustered DNA Damage”, Nucleic Acids Research, Vol.38: pp.1123-1134, 2010.
[93] Gilboa R, Zharkov D O, Golan G, Fernandes A S, Gerchman S E, Matz E, Kycia J H, Grollman A P, and Shoham G, (2002) “Structure of Formamidopyrimidine-DNA Glycosylase Covalently Complexed to DNA”, J. Biol. Chem., Vol.277: pp.19811–19816, 2002.
[94] Fromme J C, and Verdine G L, (2003) “Structure of a Trapped Endonuclease III-DNA Covalent Intermediate”, EMBO J., Vol.22: pp.3461–3471, 2003.
[95] Rogacheva M, Ishchenko A, Saparbaev M, Kuznetsova S, and Ogryzko V, (2006) “High Resolution Characterization of Formamidopyrimidine-DNA Glycosylase Interaction with Its Substrate by Chemical Cross-Linking and Mass Spectrometry using Substrate Analogs”, J. Biological Chemistry, Vol.281: pp.32353–32365, 2006.
[96] Kano et al. (2007) “Improvement of Cancer-Targeting Therapy, using Nanocarriers for Intractable Solid Tumors by Inhibition of TGF-Beta Signaling”, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, Vol. 104 (9): pp. 3460–3465, 2007.
[97] De 97Ruysscher D, Faivre-Finn C, Moeller D, Nestle U, Hurkmans, C W, Le Pechoux C et al., (2017), “European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) Recommendations for Planning and Delivery of High-Dose, High Precision Radiotherapy for Lung Cancer”, Radiotherapy Oncology, Vol. 124: pp. 1–10, 2017.
[98] Yoo S, and Dynan W S, (1999) “Geometry of a Complex formed by Double Strand Break Repair Proteins at a Single DNA End: Recruitment of DNA-PKcs Induces Inward Translocation of Ku Protein”, Nucleic Acids Research, Vol.27: pp.4679–4686, 1999.
[99] Fengyi Du, Lirong Zhang, Li Zhang, Miaomiao Zhang, Aihua Gong, Youwen Tan, Jiawen Miao, Yuhua Gong, Mingzhong Sun, Huixiang Ju, Chaoyang Wu, and Shenqiang Zou, (2017) “Engineered Gadolinium-Doped Carbon Dots for Magnetic Resonance Imaging-Guided Radiotherapy of Tumors”, Biomaterials, Vol. 121: pp. 109–120, 2017. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biomaterials.2016.07.008
[100] Nestle U, Rischke H C, Eschmann S M, Holl G, Tosch M, Miederer M et al., (2015), “Improved Inter-Observer Agreement of an Expert Review Panel in an Oncology Treatment Trial–Insights from a Structured Interventional Process”, European Journal of Cancer, Vol. 51: pp. 2525–2533, 2015.
[101] Konert T, Vogel W, MacManus M P, Nestle U, Belderbos J, Grégoire, V. et al., (2015), “PET/CT Imaging for Target Volume Delineation in Curative Intent Radiotherapy of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: IAEA Consensus Report 2014”, Radiotherapy Oncology, Vol. 116: pp.27–34, 2015.
[102] Nestle et al. (2018), “ESTRO ACROP Guidelines For Target Volume Definition in the Treatment of Locally Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer”, Radiotherapy and Oncology, Vol. 127 (1): pp. 1-5, April, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.radonc.2018.02.023
[103] Bhat A S, (2014) “Nanorobots: The Future of Medicine”, International Journal of Engineering and Management Sciences, Vol. 5 (1): pp. 449, 2014.
[104] Mutoh K., Tsukahara S, Mitsuhashi J, Katayama K, and Sugimoto Y, (2006) “Estrogen-Mediated Post Transcriptional Down-Regulation of P-Glycoprotein in MDR1-Transduced Human Breast Cancer Cells”, Cancer Science, Vol. 97 (11): pp. 1198204, 2006.
[105] Lagzi, I., (2013), “Chemical Robotics – Chemotactic Drug Carriers”, Open Medicine, Vol. 8 (4): pp. 37782, 2013.
[106] Glatzer M, Elicin O, Ramella S, Nestle U, and Putora P M, (2016) “Radio(chemo)therapy in Locally Advanced Nonsmall Cell Lung Cancer”, Eur Respir Rev., Vol. 25: pp.65–70, 2016.
[107] Borras J M, Barton M, Grau C, Corral J, Verhoeven R, Lemmens V, et al., (2015) “The Impact of Cancer Incidence and Stage on Optimal Utilization of Radiotherapy: Methodology of A Population Based Analysis by the ESTRO-HERO Project”, Radiotherapy Oncology, Vol. 116: pp. 45–50, 2015.
[108] Borras J M, Lievens Y, Barton M, Corral J, Ferlay J, Bray F, et al., (2016) “How Many New Cancer Patients in Europe will Require Radiotherapy by 2025? An ESTRO-HERO Analysis”, Radiotherapy Oncology, Vol. 119: pp. 5–11, 2016.
[109] Atun R, Jaffray D A, Barton M B, Bray F, Baumann M, Vikram B, et al., (2015) “Expanding Global Access to Radiotherapy”, Lancet Oncol, Vol. 16: pp.1153–86, 2015.
[110] Gabriel O Sawakuchi, Uwe Titt, Dragan Mirkovic, George Ciangaru, X Ronald Zhu, Narayan Sahoo, Michael T Gillin and Radhe Mohan, (2010) “Monte Carlo Investigation of The Low-Dose Envelope From Scanned Proton Pencil Beams”, Physics in Medicine & Biology, Volume 55, Number 3, pp. 711 – 722, 2010
[111] Daniel P. Hayes, (2008) “Non-Problematic Risks from Low-Dose Radiation-Induced DNA Damage Clusters”, Dose Response, Vol. 6(1): pp.30–52, Jan 16, 2008. doi: 10.2203/dose-response.07-023.Hayes.
[112] Garty G, Schulte R, Shchemelinin S, Leloup C, Assaf G, Breskin A, Chechik R, Bashkirov V, Milligan J, and Grosswendt B, (2010) “A Nanodosimetric Model of Radiation-Induced Clustered DNA Damage Yields”, Physics in Medicine & Biology, Vol. 55 ( 3): pp. 329 – 562, January 2010.
[113] Nikjoo H1, O'Neill P, Wilson W E, Goodhead D T, (2001) “Computational Approach For Determining The Spectrum of DNA Damage Induced by Ionizing Radiation”, Radiation Research, Vol.156 (5Pt2): pp.577-583, 2001.
[114] Venkhataraman R, Donald C D, Roy R, You H J, Doetsch P W and Kow Y W, (2001) “Enzymatic Processing of DNA Containing Tandem Dihydrouracil by Endonucleases III and VIII”, Nucleic Acids Res. 29: 407–414.
[115] Weinfeld M, Rasouli-Nia A, Chaudhry M A, and Britten R A, (2001) “Response of Base Excision Repair Enzymes to Complex DNA Lesions”, Radiat. Res., Vol.156: pp. 584–589, 2001.
[116] Laura J. Eccles, Martine E. Lomax and Peter O’Neill, (2010) “Hierarchy of Lesion Processing Governs the Repair, Double-Strand Break Formation and Mutability of Three-Lesion Clustered DNA Damage”, Nucleic Acids Research, Vol. 38 (4): pp.1123–1134, 2010. https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkp1070.
[117] Freitas Jr. R A, (2005) “Nanotechnology, Nanomedicine and Nanosurgery”, International Journal of Surgery, Vol. 3(12): pp. 1-4, December, 2005. http://www.nanomedicine.com/Papers/IntlJSurgDec05.pdf.
[118] Montoro Bustos A R, Garcia-Cortes M, González-Iglesias H, Ruiz Encinar J, Costa-Fernández J M, Coca-Prados M et al., (2015), “Sensitive Targeted Multiple Protein Quantification Based on Elemental Detection of Quantum Dots”, Anal Chim Acta, Vol. 879: pp. 77–84, 2015.
[119] Martel S, Mathieu J B, Felfoul O, Macicior H, Beaudoin G, Soulez G, and Yahia L H, (2004) “Adapting MRI Systems to Propel and Guide Microdevices in the Human Blood Circulatory System”, 26th Annual Int’l Conf. of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, p. 1044-1047, September, 2004.
[120] Kumar M N V R, (2000) “Nano and Microparticles as Controlled Drug Delivery Devices”, J Pharm Parmaceut Science, Vol. 3(2): pp. 234-258, 2000.
[121] Bogaerts W, Baets R, Dumon P, Wiaux V, Beckx S, Taillaert D, Luyssaert B., Campenhout J V, Bienstman P, and Thourhout D V, (2005) “Nanophotonic Waveguides in Silicon-on-Insulator Fabricated with CMOS Technology”, J. of Light Wave Technology, Vol. 23 (1): pp. 401-412, Jan. 2005.
[122] Lander et al. (2001) “Initial Sequencing and Analysis of the Human Genome”, Nature, Vol. 409 (6822): pp. 860–921, February, 2001.
[123] Hilborn J W, (1964) “Self-Powered Neutron Detectors for Reactor Flux Monitoring”, Nucleonics, Vol. 22 (2): pp. 69-74, 1964.
[124] Liu W, Wyk J D V, Odendaal W G, (2004) “Design and Evaluation of Integrated Electromagnetic Power Passives with Vertical Surface Interconnections”, 9th IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conf Exposition Vol. (2): pp. 958-963, 2004.
[125] Takeuchi S, Shimoyama I, (2002) “Selective Drive of Electrostatic Actuators using Remote Inductive Powering Sensors and Actuators”, A. Phys., Vol. 95(2-3): pp. 269-273, 2002.
[126] Ghovanloo M, Najafi K, (2004) “A Wide-Band Frequency-Shift Keying Wireless Link for Inductively Powered Biomedical Implants”, IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. Vol. 51(12): pp. 2374-2383, 2004.
[127] Takeuchi S, Futai N, and Shimoyama I, (2001) “Selective Drive of Electrostatic Actuators using Remote Inductive Powering”, Proc. IEEE Micro Electro Mechanical Systems (MEMS), 574-577, 2001.
[128] Sauer C, Stanacevic M, Cauwenberghs G, and Thakor N, (2005) “Power Harvesting and Ttelemetry in CMOS for Implanted Devices”, IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems, Vol. 52 (12): pp. 2605-2613, Dec. 2005.
[129] Sankar Karan, Amrita Datta, and Dwijesh Dutta Majumder (2015) “A Robust Design Criterion for Synthesis, Characterization and Quality Control of Nanoparticles - a Fuzzy Mathematical Approach”, International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer Science and Software Engineering, Vol. 5(2): pp. 1–10, February, 2015.
[130] Eggers T, Marscher C, Marschner U, Clasbrummel B, Laur R, and Binder J, (2000) “Advanced Hybrid Integrated Low-Power Telemetric Pressure Monitoring System for Biomedical Application” Proc Int'l Conf Micro Electro Mech Sys, pp. 23-37, 2000.
[131] Ghovanloo M, Najafi K, (2004) “Fully Integrated Wide-Band High-Current Rectifiers for Inductively Powered Devices”, IEEE J. Solid-State Circuits Vol. 39(9): pp.1976–1984, 2004.
[132] Ricciardi L, Pitz I, Sarawi SFA, Varadan V, and Abbott D, (2003) “Investigation into the Future of RFID in Biomedical Applications”, Proc. of SPIE - Int’l Soc Optical Eng, Vol. 5119: pp. 199-209, 2003.
[133] Katz E, Riklin A, Shabtai VH, Willner I, and Bückmann AF, (1999) “Glucose Oxidase Electrodes via Reconstitution of the Apo-Enzyme: Tailoring of Novel Glucose Biosensors”, Anal Chim Acta, Vol. 385: pp. 45-58, 1999.
[134] Sumino T, Tamura T, Koseki K et al., (1998) “Preliminary Study of Calibration-free Continuous Glucose Monitoring with Microdialysis Technique”, Proceeding International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, Vol. 20 (4): pp. 1775-1778, 1998.
[135] Cavalcanti A, Hogg T, Shirinzadeh B, and Liaw HC, (2006) “Nanorobot Communication Techniques: A Comprehensive Tutorial”, IEEE ICARCV Int’l Conf. on Control, Automation, Robotics and Vision, Grand Hyatt, Singapore, December, 2006.
[136] Peng Y, Fanlu Z, Ziyuan L, Zhiqin Z, Alexander G, Lan F, Hoe T, Chennupati J, and Zhiming W, (2018) “Giant Optical Pathlength Enhancement in Plasmonic Thin Film Solar Cells Using Core-Shell Nanoparticles”, J Phys D Appl Phys, Vol. 51: pp. 295106. https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6463/aacb1089d.
[137] Schifferli K H, Schwartz J J, Santos A T, Zhang S, and Joseph Jacobson M, (2002) “Remote Electronic Control of DNA Hybridization through Inductive Coupling to an Attached Metal Nanocrystal Antenna”, Nature, Vol. 415 (10): pp. 152-156, January, 2002.
[138] Bonnet G, Tyagi S, Libchaber A and Kramer F R, (1999) “Thermodynamic Basis of the Enhanced Specificity of Structured DNA Probes”, Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA, Vol. 96: pp. 6171-6176 (1999).
[139] Froese T, and Stewart J, (2010) “Life After Ashby: Ultrastability and the Autopoietic Foundations of Biological Autonomy”, Cybernetics and Human Knowing, Vol. 17 (4): pp. 7–50, 2010. URL http://tinyurl.com/cw6b57e.
[140] Zhang L, Gu F X, Chan J M, Wang A Z, Langer R S, and Farokhzad O C, (2008) “Nanoparticles in Medicine: Therapeutic Applications and Developments”, Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Vol. 83 (5): pp. 761–769, 2008.
[141] Arvizo R R, Bhattacharyya S, Kudgus R A, Giri K, Bhattacharya R, and Mukherjee P, (2012) “Intrinsic Therapeutic Applications of Noble Metal Nanoparticles: Past, Present and Future”, Chemical Society Reviews, Vol. 41 (7): pp. 2943–2970, 2012.
[142] Mewada A, Pandey S, Thakur M, Jadhav D, and Sharon M, (2014) “Swarming Carbon Dots for Folic Acid Mediated Delivery of Doxorubicin and Biological Imaging”, J Material Chemistry B, Vol. 2: pp. 698–705, February 2014. https://doi.org/10.1039/c3tb21436b
[143] Couvreur P, and Vauthier C, (2006) “Nanotechnology: Intelligent Design to Treat Complex Disease”, Pharmaceutical Research, Springer, Vol. 23 (7): pp.1417-50, July, 2006.
[144] Kong B, Zhu A, Ding C, Zhao X, Li B, and Tian Y, (2012) “Carbon Dot-Based Inorganic-Organic Nanosystem for Two-Photon Imaging and Biosensing of pH Variation in Living Cells and Tissues”, Adv Mater, Vol. 24 (43): pp. 5844–5848, 2014.
[145] Huang J J, Zheng Z F, Rong M Z, Zhou X, Chen X D, and Zhang M Q, (2014) “An Easy Approach of Preparing Strongly Luminescent Carbon Dots and Their Polymer Based Composites for Enhancing Solar Cell Efficiency”, Carbon, Vol. 70: pp.190–198, April, 2014.
[146] Cavalcanti A, Wood W W, Kretly L C, and Shirinzadeh B, (2006) “Computational Nanomechatronics: A Pathway for Control and Manufacturing Nanorobots”, IEEE CIMCA Int’l Conf. on Computational Intelligence for Modeling, Control and Automation, IEEE Computer Society, Sydney, Australia, November, 2006.
[147] Cavalcanti A and Freitas Jr. R A, (2002) “Autonomous Multi-Robot Sensor-Based Cooperation for Nano Medicine,” Int’l J. Nonlinear Science Numerical Simulation, Vol. 3 (4): pp.743-746, August 2002.
[148] Rivera A L, Estanol B, Senties-Madrid H, Fossion R, Toledo-Roy J C, Mendoza-Temis J et al., (2016), “Heart Rate and Systolic Blood Pressure Variability in the Time Domain in Patients with Recent and Long-Standing Diabetes Mellitus”, PloS One, Vol. 11(2): e0148378, 2016.
[149] Maeda H, Matsumura Y, (1989) “Tumoritropic and Lymphotropic Principles of Macromolecular Drugs”, Crit Rev Ther Drug Carrier Syst, Vol. 6 (3): pp.193–210, 1989.
[150] Peng Yu, Yisen Yao, Jiang Wu, Xiaobin Niu, Andrey L Rogach, and Zhiming Wang, (2017) “Effects of Plasmonic Metal Core -Dielectric Shell Nanoparticles on the Broadband Light Absorption Enhancement in Thin Film Solar Cells”, Scientific Reports, Vol.7 (1): pp. 7696, (2017-08-09). Bibcode: 2017NatSR...7.7696Y. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-08077-9. ISSN 2045-2322. PMC 5550503. PMID 28794487.
[151] Jiang Wu, Peng Yu, Andrei S Susha, Kimberly A Sablon, Haiyuan Chen, Zhihua Zhou, Handong Li, Haining Ji, and Xiaobin Niu, (2015) “Broadband Efficiency Enhancement in Quantum Dot Solar Cells Coupled with Multispiked Plasmonic Nanostars”, Nano Energy, Vol. 13: pp. 827–835, (2015-04-01). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nanoen.2015.02.012
[152] Millikan R A, (1916) “A Direct Photoelectric Determination of Planck's h”, Phys. Rev., Vol.7 (3): pp. 355–88, March, 1916. Bibcode:1916PhRv....7..355M, doi:10.1103/PhysRev.7.355
[153] Lev Chuntonov, and Gilad Haran, (2011) “Trimeric Plasmonic Molecules: The Role of Symmetry”, Nano Letters, Vol. 11 (6): pp. 2440–2445, 10 May 2011. Bibcode:2011NanoL...11.2440C. doi:10.1021/nl2008532. PMID 21553898.
[154] Li S H, Wang L Y, Chusuei C C, Suarez V M, Blackwelder P L, Micic M, Orbulescu J, and Leblanc R M, (2015) “Nontoxic Carbon Dots Potently Inhibit Human Insulin Fibrillation”, Chem. Mater, Vol. 27(25): pp. 1764–177, February 9, 2015.
[155] Wang B B, Wang S J, Wang Y F, Lv Y, Wu H, Ma X J, and Tan M Q, (2016) “Highly Fluorescent Carbon Dots for Visible Sensing of Doxorubicin Release Based on Efficient Nano Surface Energy Transfer”, Biotechnology Lett., Vol. 38 (1): pp.191–201, 2016.
[156] Fernandes A R, and Chari D M, (2016), “Part II: Functional Delivery of a Neurothera¬peutic Gene to Neural Stem Cells Using Minicircle DNA and Nanoparticles: Translational Advantages for Regenerative Neurology”, J Control Release, Vol. 238: pp.300–310, 2016.
[157] Christine E. Probst, Pavel Zrazhevskiy, Vaishali Bagalkot, and Xiaohu Gao, (2013) “Quantum Dots as a Platform for Nanoparticle Drug Delivery Vehicle Design”, Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews, Volume 65, Issue 5, Pages 703-718, May 2013. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addr.2012.09.036, PMID: 23000745
[158] Mei-Xia Zhao and Bing-Jie Zhu, (2016) “The Research and Applications of Quantum Dots as Nano-Carriers for Targeted Drug Delivery and Cancer Therapy”, Nanoscale Research Letters, 11:20718 April, 2016. https://doi.org/10.1186/s11671-016-1394-9
[159] Hellman’s A, (2003) “German Team Creates New Type of Transistor-Like Device”, News Analysis, IEEE Spectrum Magazine, pp. 20-21, January 2003.
[160] Ghovanloo M, Najafi K, (2004) “Awide-Band Frequency-Shift Keying Wireless Link for Inductively Powered Biomedical Implants”, IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. Vol. 51(12): pp. 2374-2383, 2004.
[161] Takeuchi S, Futai N, and Shimoyama I, (2001) “Selective Drive of Electrostatic Actuators using Remote Inductive Powering”, Proc. IEEE Micro Electro Mechanical Systems (MEMS), 574-577, 2001.
[162] Taberna P L, Mitra S, Piozot P, Simon P, and Tarascon J M, (2006) “High Rate Capabilities Fe3O4-Based Cu Nano-Architectured Electrodes for Lithium-Ion Battery Applications”, Nat Mater., Vol. 5: pp.567–73, 2006.
[163] Rodriguez I, Ramiro-Manzano F, Atienzar P, Martinez J M, Meseguer F, Garcia H, et al., (2007) “Solar Energy Harvesting in Photo electrochemical Solar Cells” J Mater Chem, Vol. 17: pp. 3205–9, 2007.
[164] Arakawa H, and Sayama K Re, (2000) “Oxide Semiconductor Materials for Solar Light Energy Utilization”, Chem Intermed, Vol. 26: pp.145–52, 2000.
[165] Corma A, Atienzar P, Garcia H, and Chane-Ching J Y, (2004) “Hierarchically Mesostructured Doped CEO2 with Potential for Solar-Cell Use”, Nat Mater., Vol. 3: pp. 394–7, 2004.
[166] Singh R S, Rangari V K, Sanagapalli S, Jayaraman V, Mahendra S, and Singh V P, (2004) “Nano-Structured CdTe, CdS and TiO2 for Thin Film Solar Cell Applications”, Sol Energy Sol Cells, Vol. 82: pp. 315–30, 2004.
[167] Singh VP, Singh RS, Thompson G W, Jayaraman V, Sanagapalli S, and Rangari V K, (2004) “Characteristics of Nanocrystalline CdS Films Fabricated By Sonochemical, Microwave And Solution Growth Methods For Solar Cell Applications”, Sol Energy Mater Sol Cells Vol. 81: pp.293–303, 2004.
[168] Mathew X, Enriquez J P, Sebastian P J, McClure J C, and Singh V P, (2000) “Charge Transport Mechanism in a Typical Au/CdTe Schottky Diode”, Sol Energy Mater Sol Cells, Vol. 63: pp. 355–65, 2000.
[169] Ignatiev A, Chen X, Wu N, Lu Z, Smith L, (2008) “Nanostructured Thin Solid Oxide Fuel Cells With High Power Density”, Dalton Trans, Vol. 40: pp. 5501–6, 2008.
[170] Neale N R, and Frank A J, (2007) “Size and Shape Control of Nanocrystallites in Mesoporous TiO2 Films”, J Mater Chem, Vol. 17: pp. 3216–21, 2007.
[171] Bruce P G, Scrosati B, Tarascon J M, (2008) “Nanomaterials for Rechargeable Lithium Batteries”, Angew Chem Int Ed., Vol. 47: pp.2930–46, 2008.
[172] Agrawal R C, Pandey G P, (2008) “Solid Polymer Electrolytes: Materials Designing and All-Solid-State Battery Applications: an Overview”, J Phys D Appl Phys, Vol. 41: pp. 223001–19, 2008.
[173] Juanjuan Wang, Shengli Jia, Yang Cao, Wenhao Wang, and Peng Yu, (2018) “Design Principles for Nanoparticle Plasmon-Enhanced Organic Solar Cells”, Nanoscale Res Lett., Vol. 13: pp. 211, Published online 2018 Jul 16. doi: 10.1186/s11671-018-2620-4.
[174] Goosseff Kyrill A, (2010) “Autopoeisis and Meaning: A Biological Approach to Bakhtin's Superaddressee”, Journal of Organizational Change Management, Vol. 23 (2): pp.145-151, 2010. https://doi.org/10.1108/09534811011031319
[175] Ramiro-Manzano F, Atienzar P, Rodriguez I, Meseguer F, Garcia H, and Corma A, (2007) “Apollony Photonic Sponge based Photoelectrochemical Solar Cells”, Chem Commun, Vol. 3: pp. 242–4, 2007.
[176] Rodriguez I, Atienzar P, Ramiro-Manzano F, Meseguer F, Corma A, and Garcia H, (2005) “Photonic Crystals for Applications in Photoelectrochemical Processes: Photoelectrochemical Solar Cells with Inverse Opal Topology”, Photonics Nanostruct, Vol. 3: pp.148–54, 2005.