Design and Analysis of a Piezoelectric Linear Motor Based on Rigid Clamping

Authors: Chao Yi, Cunyue Lu, Lingwei Quan

Abstract:

Piezoelectric linear motors have the characteristics of great electromagnetic compatibility, high positioning accuracy, compact structure and no deceleration mechanism, which make it promising to applicate in micro-miniature precision drive systems. However, most piezoelectric motors are employed by flexible clamping, which has insufficient rigidity and is difficult to use in rapid positioning. Another problem is that this clamping method seriously affects the vibration efficiency of the vibrating unit. In order to solve these problems, this paper proposes a piezoelectric stack linear motor based on double-end rigid clamping. First, a piezoelectric linear motor with a length of only 35.5 mm is designed. This motor is mainly composed of a motor stator, a driving foot, a ceramic friction strip, a linear guide, a pre-tightening mechanism and a base. This structure is much simpler and smaller than most similar motors, and it is easy to assemble as well as to realize precise control. In addition, the properties of piezoelectric stack are reviewed and in order to obtain the elliptic motion trajectory of the driving head, a driving scheme of the longitudinal-shear composite stack is innovatively proposed. Finally, impedance analysis and speed performance testing were performed on the piezoelectric linear motor prototype. The motor can measure speed up to 25.5 mm/s under the excitation of signal voltage of 120 V and frequency of 390 Hz. The result shows that the proposed piezoelectric stacked linear motor obtains great performance. It can run smoothly in a large speed range, which is suitable for various precision control in medical images, aerospace, precision machinery and many other fields.

Keywords: Elliptical trajectory, linear motor, piezoelectric stack, rigid clamping.

Digital Object Identifier (DOI): doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3593194

References:

[1] C. Zhao. Recent Progress in Ultrasonic Motor Techniques (J). Journal of Vibration, Measurement & Diagnosis, 2008, 24(3):1-5. (in Chinese)
[2] X. Zhong, W. Huang, X. Zhang Xuan, M. Sun, Q. Lu. Double-foot piezoelectric linear motor with secondary lever and flexure hinge composite structure (J). Optics and Precision Engineering, 2018, 26(1):86-94. (in Chinese)
[3] S. P. Salisbury, D. F. Waechter, R. B. Mrad, S. E. Prasad, R. G. Blacow, B. Yan. Closed-Loop Control of a Complementary Clamp Piezoworm Actuator (J). IEEE/ASME Transactions on Mechatronics, 2007, 12(6):590－598.
[4] P. I. Ro, P. I. Hubbel. Nonlinear micro-dynamic behavior of a ball-screw driven precision slide system (J). Prec Eng, 1992, 14(4):229－236.
[5] A. Iino, K. Suzuki, M. Kasuga, M. Suzuki, T. Yamanaka. Development of a self-oscillating ultrasonic micro-motor and its application to a watch (J). Ultrasonics, 2000, 38(1-8):54－59.
[6] S. Karl, K. Burhanettin. Piezoelectric Motors, an Overview (J). Actuators, 2016, 5(1):6-24.
[7] C. Lu, Y. Wei, J. Guo, J. Hu, J. Li. Self-driving linear ultrasonic motor with double vibrators (J). Journal of Zhejiang University (Engineering Science), 2009, 43(8):1469-1472. (in Chinese)
[8] H. Sanikhani, J. Akbari. Design and analysis of an elliptical-shaped linear ultrasonic motor (J). Sensors & Actuators A Physical, 2018, 278:67－77.
[9] X. Hou, H. P. Lee, C. Ong, S. P. Lim. Design and finite element analysis of a new stack ultrasonic motor based on in-plane mode (J). Smart Materials & Structures, 2012, 21(11): 115002.
[10] Y. Liu, W. Chen, X. Yang, J. Liu. A T-shape linear piezoelectric motor with single foot (J). Ultrasonics, 2015, 56:551－556.
[11] C. Zhao. Ultrasonic Motor Techniques for 21st Century (J). Engineering Science, 2002, 4(2):86-91. (in Chinese)
[12] X. Xu, Y. Liang, X. Shi. Analysis of Frequency-temperature Characteristics of Ultrasonic Motors (J). Journal of Jilin University (Science Edition), 2002, 40(2):109-113. (in Chinese)
[13] W. Huang, Y. Meng. Design of a New Type of Piezoelectric Linear Motor Based on Non-Resonant Vibration (J). China Mechanical Engineering, 2009, 0(14):1717-1721. (in Chinese)
[14] X. Chen, Y. Wang, W. Huang, S. Pan. Mechanism and Design of a Linear Motor with Piezoelectric Stacks Basing on Non-Resonant Vibration (J). Proceedings of The Chinese Society for Electrical Engineering, 2011, 31(15):82-87. (in Chinese)
[15] C. Lu, T. Zhou, Y. Chen, D. Fu. Application Research of Piezoelectric Ceramic Components with Shear Modes in Ultrasonic Motors (J). Small & Special Electrical Machines, 2007, 35(10):14-17. (in Chinese)