Heavy Metal Reduction in Plant Using Soil Amendment

Authors: C. Chaiyaraksa, T. Khamko

Abstract:

This study investigated the influence of limestone and sepiolite on heavy metals accumulation in the soil and soybean. The soil was synthesized to contaminate with zinc 150 mg/kg, copper 100 mg/kg, and cadmium 1 mg/kg. The contaminated soil was mixed with limestone and sepiolite at the ratio of 1:0, 0:1, 1:1, and 2:1. The amount of soil modifier added to soil was 0.2%, 0.4%, and 0.8%. The metals determination was performed on soil both before and after soybean planting and in the root, shoot, and seed of soybean after harvesting. The study was also on metal translocate from root to seed and on bioaccumulation factor. Using of limestone and sepiolite resulted in a reduction of metals accumulated in soybean. For soil containing a high concentration of copper, cadmium, and zinc, a mixture of limestone and sepiolite (1:1) was recommended to mix with soil with the amount of 0.2%. Zinc could translocate from root to seed more than copper, and cadmium. From studying the movement of metals from soil to accumulate in soybean, the result was that soybean could absorb the highest amount of cadmium, followed by zinc, and copper, respectively.

Keywords: Heavy metals, limestone, sepiolite, soil, soybean.

Digital Object Identifier (DOI): doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2643970

References:

[1] Z. Hang, Z. Xin, Z. Min, H. L. Bo, L. Li, Y. Wen-Tao, W. Yan-Ming, Q. Qiong-Yao, and W. Ying-Jie, “Effects of combined amendments on heavy metal accumulation in rice (Oryza sativa L.) planted on contaminated paddy soil,” Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf., vol. 101, pp. 226–232, 2014.
[2] W. Yu-Jun, Z. Hang, Z. Zi-Jin, Z. Wei Zhu, Y. Wen-Tao, P. Pei-Qin, Z. Min, and L. Bo-Han, “A three-year insitu study on the persistence of acombined amendment (limestone and sepiolite) for remedying paddy soil polluted with heavy metals,” Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf., vol. 130, pp. 163–170, 2016.
[3] F. Madrid, A.S. Romero, L. Madrid, and C. Maqueda, “Reduction of availability of trace metal sinurban soils using inorganic amendments,” Environ. Geochem. Health., vol. 28, pp. 365–373, 2006.
[4] N. Karthika, K. Jananee, and V. Murugaiyan, “Remediation of contaminated soil using soil washing-a review,” Int. J. Eng. Research and Applications, vol. 6, no. 1, pp.13-18, 2016.
[5] V. Suthar, M. Mahmood-ul-Hassan, K.S. Memon, and E. Rafique, “Heavy-metal phytoextraction potential of spinach and mustard grown in contaminated calcareous soils,” Commun. Soil Sci. Plant Anal., vol. 44, no. 18, pp. 2757–2770, 2013.
[6] G. Huang, X. Su, M. S. Rizwan, Y. Zhu, and H Hu, “Chemical immobilization of Pb, Cu, and Cd by phosphate materials and calcium carbonate in contaminated soils,” Environ Sci Pollut Res, vol. 23, no. 16, pp. 16845-16856, 2016.
[7] Y. T. Chang, H. C. Hsi, Z. Y. Hseu, and S. L. Jheng, “Chemical stabilization of cadmium in acidic soil using alkaline agronomic and industrial by-products,” J. Environ. Sci. Health Part A Environ. Sci. Eng. Tox.Hazard. Subs. Control, vol. 48, no. 13, pp. 1748–1756, 2013.
[8] W. S. Shi, C. G. Liu, D. H. Ding, Z. F. Lei, Y. N. Yang, C. P. Feng, and Z. Y. Zhang, “Immobilization of heavy metals in sewage sludge by using subcritical water technology,” Bioresour. Technol., vol. 137, pp. 18-24, 2013.
[9] R. D. Li, W. W Zhao, Y. L. Li, W. Y. Wang, and X. Zhu, “Heavy metal removal and speciation transformation through the calcination treatment of phosphorus enriched sewage sludge ash,” J. Hazard Mater, vol. 283, pp. 423-431, 2015.
[10] X. Querol, A. Alastuey, N. Moreno, E. Alvarez-Ayuso, A. García-Sánchez, J. Cama, C. Ayora, and M. Simon, “Immobilization of heavy metals in polluted soils by the addition of zeolitic material synthesized from coal fly ash,” Chemosphere, vol. 62, pp. 171–180, 2006.
[11] J. H. Park, D. Lamb, P. Paneerselvam, G. Choppala, N. Bolan, and J. W. Chung, “Role of organic amendments on enhanced bio remediation of heavy metal (loid) contaminated soils.” J. Hazard Mater, vol. 185, pp. 549–574, 2011.
[12] N. T. Basta, and S. L. McGowen, “Evaluation of chemical immobilization treatments for reducing heavy metal transport in a smelter-contaminated soil,” Environ. Pollut., vol. 127, pp. 73–82, 2004.
[13] R. V. Herwijnen, T. R. Hutchings, A. AlTabbaa, A. J. Moffat, M. L. Johns, and K Suki, “Remediation of metal contaminated soil with mineral-amended composts,” Environ. Pollut., vol. 150, pp. 347–354, 2007.
[14] S. Yuebing, S. Guohong, X. Yingming, L. Weitao, L. Xuefeng, and W. Lin, “Evaluation of the effectiveness of sepiolite, bentonite, and phosphate amendments on the stabilization remediation of cadmium contaminated soils.” J. Environ.Manage., vol. 166, pp. 204-210, 2016.
[15] X. Liang, J. Han, Y. Xu, Y. Sun, L. Wang, X. Tan, “In situ field-scale remediation of Cd polluted paddy soil using sepiolite and palygorskite.” Geoderma., vol. 235-236, pp. 9–18, 2014.
[16] Y. Sun, G. Sun, Y. Xu, L. Wang, X. Liang, and D. Lin, “Assessment of sepiolite for immobilization of cadmium contaminated soils.” Geoderma., vol. 193, pp. 149–155, 2013.
[17] A. Walkley, and I. A. Black, “An examination of the Degtjareff method for determining soil organic matter and a proposed modification of the chromic acid titration method,” Soil Science, vol. 37, pp. 29–38, 1934.
[18] Land development department, Manual analysis of soil, water, plants, fertilizers, soil amendments and analysis for product certification, volume 2, Science for land development publishing, Bangkok, Thailand, 2004.
[19] The Notification of the Ministry of Public Health (No. 273), 2003, Re: Food Standards Containing Contaminants (Online). Available: https://gain.fas.usda.gov/recent%20gain%20publications/food%20and%20agricultural%20import%20regulations%20and%20standards%20-%20narrative_bangkok_thailand_8-14-2009.pdf.