A Formal Approach for Instructional Design Integrated with Data Visualization for Learning Analytics

Authors: Douglas A. Menezes, Isabel D. Nunes, Ulrich Schiel

Abstract:

Most Virtual Learning Environments do not provide support mechanisms for the integrated planning, construction and follow-up of Instructional Design supported by Learning Analytic results. The present work aims to present an authoring tool that will be responsible for constructing the structure of an Instructional Design (ID), without the data being altered during the execution of the course. The visual interface aims to present the critical situations present in this ID, serving as a support tool for the course follow-up and possible improvements, which can be made during its execution or in the planning of a new edition of this course. The model for the ID is based on High-Level Petri Nets and the visualization forms are determined by the specific kind of the data generated by an e-course, a population of students generating sequentially dependent data.

Keywords: Educational data visualization, high-level petri nets, instructional design, learning analytics.

Digital Object Identifier (DOI): doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1132321

References:

[1] B. Fetaji and M. Fetaji “E-Learning Indicators: A Multidimensional Model for Planning Developing and Evaluating E-Learning Software Solutions” In: E-Learning, experiences and future. Edited by Safeeullah Soomro and published by In-Teh. Pag 1- 34. 2010.
[2] A. Vahldick, R. Santiago and A. L. A. Raabe “Aplicação das Técnicas de Projeto Instrucional 4C/ID na Produção de Objetos de Aprendizagem em Conformidade com o SCORM usando um Software Livre como Ferramenta de Autoria”. Revista RENOTE – Novas Tecnologias na Educação. V. 5, nº 2. 2007.
[3] A. Filatro, R. Boaretto and C. Nunes. “Learning Activities Editor Tool.” TDIA – III Workshop. Pág. 152-154. 2006.
[4] T. Vantroys and Y. Peter “COW, a Flexible Plataform for the Enactment of Learning Scenarios.” Lecture Notes in Computer Science. 2003.
[5] S. I. D. de Pádua, A. R. Y. da Silva, R. Y. Inamasu and A. J. V. Porto. “Redes de Petri aplicadas aos Sistemas de Gerenciamento de Workflow.” XXII Encontro Nacional de Engenharia de Produção. Curitiba – PR. 2002.
[6] K. Jensen. “Coloured Petri Nets – Basic Concepts, Analysis Methods and Practical Use.” Volume 1. Second Edition. Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg New York. 1997.
[7] I. D. Nunes and U. Schiel. “Design Instrucional e seu acompanhamento em tempo real utilizando Rede de Atividades”. In: Simpósio Brasileiro de Informática na Educação, 2011, Aracajú. Simpósio Brasileiro de Informática na Educação, 2011.
[8] T. Elias. “Learning Analytics: Definitions, Processes and Potential.” Available in: http://learninganalytics.net/LearningAnalyticsDefinitionsProcessesPotential.pdf. 2011. Accessed 15 January 2017.
[9] R. Ferguson, “The State of Learning Analytics: A Review and Future Challenges.” Technical Report KMI-12-01, Knowledge Media Institute, The Open University, UK, 2012, http://kmi.open.ac.uk/publications/techreport/kmi-12-01. Accessed 16 January 2017.
[10] M. Scaife and Y. Rogers. “External Cognition: how do graphical representations work?” International Journal of Human-Computer Studies, 45(2): 185-213, 1996.
[11] C. Medeiros, W. Balbino, D. Menezes, A. Barbosa, I. D. Nunes and U. Schiel, “ATID - Authoring Tool for Instructional Design” In Anais dos Workshops do Congresso Brasileiro de informática na Educação (Vol. 4, No. 1, p. 383), 2015.
[12] A. G. G. Cavalcanti, N. N. dos Santos, J. L. Cavalcanti and A. S. Gomes, “Mineração e Visualização de Dados Educacionais: identificação de fatores que afetam a motivação de alunos na educação a distância” XIV Escola Regional de Computação Bahia, Alagoas e Sergipe (ERBASE), 2014.
[13] I. D. Nunes and U. Schiel, “Using High Level Activities Net for Learning Analytics of Instructional Design” Proc. IEEE International Conference on Advanced Learning Technologies (ICALT 2014), July 2014, doi: 10.1109/ICALT.2014.114.
[14] I. D. Nunes and U. Schiel. “Adaptive Instructional Design using High Level Activities Net” E-Learn - World Conference on E-Learning in Corporate, Government, Healthcare & Higher Education, 2013, Las Vegas. World Conference on E-Learning in Corporate, Government, Healthcare, and Higher Education (ELEARN) 2013, 2013.
[15] A. Filatro, “Design Instrucional na Prática”. Pearson Education do Brasil, 2008, 173 páginas.
[16] C. Ware. “Information Visualization: perception of design.” Elsevier, 2012.
[17] S. K. Card, J. D. Mackinlay and B. Shneiderman. “Readings in Information visualization: using vision to think.” Morgan Kaufmann, 1999.
[18] C. Chen. “Information visualization: Beyond the horizon. 2nd Edition” Springer, 2010.
[19] R. M. Felder. and L. K. Silverman. “Learning and Teaching Styles”. In: Engineering Education. Engr. Education, 78(7), 674-681. 1988.