Perforation Analysis of the Aluminum Alloy Sheets Subjected to High Rate of Loading and Heated Using Thermal Chamber: Experimental and Numerical Approach

Authors: A. Bendarma, T. Jankowiak, A. Rusinek, T. Lodygowski, M. Klósak, S. Bouslikhane

Abstract:

The analysis of the mechanical characteristics and dynamic behavior of aluminum alloy sheet due to perforation tests based on the experimental tests coupled with the numerical simulation is presented. The impact problems (penetration and perforation) of the metallic plates have been of interest for a long time. Experimental, analytical as well as numerical studies have been carried out to analyze in details the perforation process. Based on these approaches, the ballistic properties of the material have been studied. The initial and residual velocities laser sensor is used during experiments to obtain the ballistic curve and the ballistic limit. The energy balance is also reported together with the energy absorbed by the aluminum including the ballistic curve and ballistic limit. The high speed camera helps to estimate the failure time and to calculate the impact force. A wide range of initial impact velocities from 40 up to 180 m/s has been covered during the tests. The mass of the conical nose shaped projectile is 28 g, its diameter is 12 mm, and the thickness of the aluminum sheet is equal to 1.0 mm. The ABAQUS/Explicit finite element code has been used to simulate the perforation processes. The comparison of the ballistic curve was obtained numerically and was verified experimentally, and the failure patterns are presented using the optimal mesh densities which provide the stability of the results. A good agreement of the numerical and experimental results is observed.

Keywords: Aluminum alloy, ballistic behavior, failure criterion, numerical simulation.

Digital Object Identifier (DOI): doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1130137

References:

[1] X. G. Qiao, M. J. Starink, N. Gao. “Hardness inhomogeneity and local strengthening mechanisms of an Al1050 aluminium alloy after one pass of equal channel angular pressing”. Materials Science and Engineering: A, 513, 52-58.A.G. 2009.
[2] Atkins, J.H. Liu. Necking and radial cracking around perforations in thin sheets at normal incidence." International journal of impact engineering 21, 7, 521-539, 1998.
[3] A. Alavi, and G. R. Hoseini. "Experimental study of perforation of multi-layered targets by hemispherical-nosed projectiles." Materials & Design 32.2, 1057-1065. 2011.
[4] T. Borvik, M. Langseth, O.S. Hoperstad and K.A. Malo, “Perforation of 12 mm thick steel plates by 20 mm diameter projectiles with flat, hemispherical and conical noses part I: experimental study”. International journal of Impact Engineering, 27, 19–35, 2002.
[5] K. M. Kpenyigba, T. Jankowiak, A. Rusinek, and R. Pesci, Influence of projectile shape on dynamic behavior of steel sheet subjected to impact and perforation, Thin-Walled Structures 65, 93-104, 2013.
[6] A. Rusinek, J.A. Rodríguez-Martínez, R. Zaera, JR. Klepaczko, A. Arias, C. Sauvelet, Experimental and numerical study on the perforation process of mild steel sheets subjected to perpendicular impact by hemispherical projectiles. International Journal of Impact Engineering, 36, 4, 565-87, 2009.
[7] M.E. Backman, W. Goldsmith, “The mechanics of penetration of projectiles into targets”, International Journal of Engineering Science, 16, 1, 1-99, 1987.
[8] G. R .Johnson, W. H Cook, A constitutive model and data for metals subjected to large strains, high strain rates and high temperatures. “In Proceedings of the 7th International Symposium on Ballistics “Vol. 21, pp. 541-547. April 1983.
[9] G. R .Johnson, T. J. Holmquist, “Test data and computational strength and fracture model constants for 23 materials subjected to large strains, high strain rates, and high temperatures”. Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, Report No. LA-11463-MS.1989.
[10] A. Rusinek, J. A. Rodríguez-Martínez, A. Arias., et al. “Influence of conical projectile diameter on perpendicular impact of thin steel plate“. Engineering Fracture Mechanics, vol. 75, no 10, p. 2946-2967.2008.
[11] R. F .Recht, T. W. Ipson “Ballistic perforation dynamics“. Journal of Applied Mechanics, vol. 30, no 3, p. 384-390.1963.
[12] B. Landkof, W. Goldsmith, “Petaling of thin metallic plates during penetration by cylindro-conical projectiles”, International Journal of Solids and Structures, pp. 245–266.1993.