Comparison of Chemical Coagulation and Electrocoagulation for Boron Removal from Synthetic Wastewater Using Aluminium

Authors: Kartikaningsih Danis, Yao-Hui Huang

Abstract:

Various techniques including conventional and advanced have been employed for the boron treatment from water and wastewater. The electrocoagulation involves an electrolytic reactor for coagulation/flotation with aluminium as anode and cathode. There is aluminium as coagulant to be used for removal which may induce secondary pollution in chemical coagulation. The purpose of this study is to investigate and compare the performance between electrocoagulation and chemical coagulation on boron removal from synthetic wastewater. The effect of different parameters, such as pH reaction, coagulant dosage, and initial boron concentration were examined. The results show that the boron removal using chemical coagulation was lower. At the optimum condition (e.g. pH 8 and 0.8 mol coagulant dosage), boron removal efficiencies for chemical coagulation and electrocoagulation were 61% and 91%, respectively. In addition, the electrocoagulation needs no chemical reagents and makes the boron treatment easy for application.

Keywords: Electrocoagulation, chemical coagulation, aluminum electrode, boron removal.

Digital Object Identifier (DOI): doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1127904

References:

[1] A. E. Yilmaz, R. Boncukcuoğlu, M. M. Kocakerim, M. T. Yilmaz, C. Paluluoğlu. Boron removal from geothermal waters by electrocoagulation, Journal of Hazardous Materials, vol. 153, 2008, pp. 146-151.
[2] Ezechi, E. H., M. H. Isa, and S. R. M. Kutty. Removal of boron from produced water by electrocoagulation. in 10th WSEAS International Conference on Environment, Ecosystems and Development (EED’12), Switzerland. 2010.
[3] Halim, A.A., et al., Boron removal from aqueous solutions using curcumin-aided electrocoagulation. Middle-East Journal of Scientific Research, 2012. 11(5): p. 583-588.
[4] Demetriou, A. and I. Pashalidis, Adsorption of boron on iron-oxide in aqueous solutions. Desalination and Water Treatment, 2012. 37(1-3): p. 315-320.
[5] Nielsen, F.H., The nutritional importance and pharmacological potential of boron for higher animals and human, in Boron in Plant and Animal Nutrition. 2002, Springer. p. 37-49.
[6] WHO, Guidelines for Drinking-Water Quality, 4th ed., 2011, pp. 323-324.
[7] Xu, Y. and J.-Q. Jiang, Technologies for boron removal. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, 2008. 47(1): p. 16-24.
[8] Öztürk, N. and D. Kavak, Boron removal from aqueous solutions by adsorption on waste sepiolite and activated waste sepiolite using full factorial design. Adsorption, 2004. 10(3): p. 245-257.
[9] Fujita, Y., et al., A study of boron adsorption onto activated sludge. Bioresource technology, 2005. 96(12): p. 1350-1356.
[10] Ayyildiz, H. and H. Kara, Boron removal by ion exchange membranes. Desalination, 2005. 180(1): p. 99-108.
[11] Badruk, M., et al., Removal of boron from wastewater of geothermal power plant by selective ion-exchange resins. I. Batch sorption–elution studies. Separation science and technology, 1999. 34(13): p. 2553-2569.
[12] Yilmaz, A.E., et al., The Effects of Initial Boron Concentration on Energy Consumption in Boron Removal by Electrocoagulation. 2010.
[13] Yilmaz, A.E., et al., The investigation of parameters affecting boron removal by electrocoagulation method. Journal of hazardous materials, 2005. 125(1): p. 160-165.
[14] Isa, M.H., et al., Boron removal by electrocoagulation and recovery. Water Res, 2014. 51: p. 113-23.
[15] 15. Remy, P., et al., Removal of boron from wastewater by precipitation of a sparingly soluble salt. Environmental Progress, 2005. 24(1): p. 105-110.
[16] Yilmaz, A.E., et al., Boron removal by means of chemical precipitation with calcium hydroxide and calcium borate formation. Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering, 2012. 29(10): p. 1382-1387.
[17] Huertas, E., et al., Influence of biofouling on boron removal by nanofiltration and reverse osmosis membranes. Journal of Membrane Science, 2008. 318(1): p. 264-270.
[18] Dydo, P., et al., Boron removal from landfill leachate by means of nanofiltration and reverse osmosis. Desalination, 2005. 185(1): p. 131-137.
[19] Holt, P.K., et al., A quantitative comparison between chemical dosing and electrocoagulation. Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects, 2002. 211(2): p. 233-248.
[20] Yilmaz, A.E., R. Boncukcuoğlu, and M.M. Kocakerim, A quantitative comparison between electrocoagulation and chemical coagulation for boron removal from boron-containing solution. Journal of hazardous materials, 2007. 149(2): p. 475-481.
[21] Duan, J. and J. Gregory, Coagulation by hydrolysing metal salts. Advances in Colloid and Interface Science, 2003. 100–102(0): p. 475-502.
[22] V.A. Mhaisalkar, R. Paramasivam, A.G. Bhole, Optimizing physical parameters of rapid mix design for coagulation-flocculation of turbid waters, Water Res. 25. 1991. p. 43–52.
[23] Al-Malack, M.H., N.S. Abuzaid, and A.H. El-Mubarak, Coagulation of polymeric wastewater discharged by a chemical factory. Water Research, 1999. 33(2): p. 521-529.
[24] Chen, X., G. Chen, and P.L. Yue, Separation of pollutants from restaurant wastewater by electrocoagulation. Separation and purification Technology, 2000. 19(1): p. 65-76.
[25] Chen, G., Electrochemical technologies in wastewater treatment. Separation and Purification Technology, 2004. 38(1): p. 11-41.
[26] A.S. Koparal, The removal of salinity from produced formation by conventional and electrochemical methods, Fresenius Environ. Bull. 12a (11) (2002) 1071–1077.
[27] Yildiz, Y.Ş., et al., Electrocoagulation of synthetically prepared waters containing high concentration of NOM using iron cast electrodes. Journal of hazardous materials, 2007. 139(2): p. 373-380.
[28] Sekman, E., et al., Treatment of oily wastewater from port waste reception facilities by electrocoagulation. International Journal of Environmental Research, 2011. 5(4): p. 1079-1086.
[29] Kobya, M., O.T. Can, and M. Bayramoglu, Treatment of textile wastewaters by electrocoagulation using iron and aluminium electrodes. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2003. 100(1–3): p. 163-178.
[30] Sayiner, G., F. Kandemirli, and A. Dimoglo, Evaluation of boron removal by electrocoagulation using iron and aluminium electrodes. Desalination, 2008. 230(1): p. 205-212.
[31] Vasudevan, S., et al., Optimization of the process parameters for the removal of boron from drinking water by electrocoagulation—a clean technology. Journal of chemical technology and biotechnology, 2010. 85(7): p. 926-933.
[32] A.J. Bard, R. Parsons, J. Jordan, Standard Potentials in Aqueous Solution, Marcel Dekker, New York, 1985.
[33] Bukhari, A.A., Investigation of the electro-coagulation treatment process for the removal of total suspended solids and turbidity from municipal wastewater. Bioresource technology, 2008. 99(5): p. 914-921.