Comparative Study in Evaluating the Antioxidation Efficiency for Native Types Antioxidants Extracted from Crude Oil with the Synthesized Class

Authors: Mohammad Jamil Abd AlGhani

Abstract:

The natural native antioxidants N,N-P-methyl phenyl acetone and N,N-phenyl acetone were isolated from the Iraqi crude oil region of Kirkuk by ion exchange and their structure was characterized by spectral and chemical analysis methods. Tetraline was used as a liquid hydrocarbon to detect the efficiency of isolated molecules at elevated temperature (393 K) that it has physicochemical specifications and structure closed to hydrocarbons fractionated from crude oil. The synthesized universal antioxidant 2,6-ditertiaryisobutyl-p-methyl phenol (Unol) with known stochiometric coefficient of inhibition equal to (2) was used as a model for comparative evaluation at the same conditions. Modified chemiluminescence method was used to find the amount of absorbed oxygen and the induction periods in and without the existence of isolated antioxidants molecules. The results of induction periods and quantity of absorbed oxygen during the oxidation process were measured by manometric installation. It was seen that at specific equal concentrations of N,N-phenyl acetone and N, N-P-methyl phenyl acetone in comparison with Unol at 393 K were with (2) and (2.5) times efficient than do Unol. It means that they had the ability to inhibit the formation of new free radicals and prevent the chain reaction to pass from the propagation to the termination step rather than decomposition of formed hydroperoxides.

Keywords: Antioxidants, chemiluminescence, inhibition, unol.

Digital Object Identifier (DOI): doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1127212

References:

[1] Stachowiak, G., and Batchelor, A.W., "Engineering Tribology," Elsevier Butterworth Heinemann, p.832, (2005).
[2] Bhushan, B., "Modern Tribology Handbook, Volume 1," C R C Press LLC, United States of America, p. 1760, (2000).
[3] Vrana, G., "Analytic Technology: Diagnose what Ails Your Auto, Electronics Design, Strategy, News, p. 37-42, (2001).
[4] Khorramian, B. A., Iyer, G. R., Kodali, S., "Review of Antiwear Additives for Crankcase Oils," Wear, Vol. (16), No.1, p. 87-95, (1993).
[5] Spikes, H. A. "The History and Mechanisms of antioxidants," Tribology Letters, Vol. (17), No.3, p. 469-489, (2004).
[6] Mohammad Jamil Abd Alghani, Evaluation Study of Inhibition and Regeneration Characters for Substituted Anilines extracted from Crude oil. International Journal of Scientific & Technology Research, Vol. (4), No.12, December (2015).
[7] Denisov, E.T, Liquid Phase Reaction Rate Constants, P. 12. (1974).
[8] Philippe Dagaut, Michel Cathonnet, "The ignition, oxidation and combustion of Kerosene" Journal of Energy and Combustion Science, Vol. (32), No. 1, p.48-92, (2006).
[9] J. R. Lindsay Smith, E. Nagatomi, D. J. Waddington, “The Antioxidation of petroleum products. Journal of the Chemical Society Perkin Transactions Vol. (2), No. 11, p. 2248, (2000).
[10] Gillian M. Greenway, Alan R. Whealty, Ultrasound – Enhanced flow injection Chemiluminescence for determination of hydrogen peroxide; Analyst, p.501-508, (2006)
[11] Mohammad Jamil Abd Al-Ghani. The Ability of Anilines Extracted from Iraqi Petrol on Preventing Deposits Formation in Crude Kerosene. International Journal of Oil, Gas and Coal Engineering. Vol. (3), No.1, p. 13-17, (2015).
[12] Randy L. Shearer, Elizabeth B. Poole "Application of Gas Chromatography and Flameless Sulfur Chemiluminescence Detection to the Analysis of Petroleum Products". Journal of Chromatographic Science Volume 31, Issue 3, P. 82-87 (1993).
[13] ASTM-D7545-Standard Test Method for Oxidation Stability of Middle Distillate – Rapid Small Scale Oxidation Test (RSSOT).
[14] E. T Denisov, G. I. Kovalev, Effect of Inhibitor molecule type on Oxidation and stabilization of jet fuels. P. 155, (1993).