Effect of Hemicellulase on Extraction of Essential Oil from Algerian Artemisia campestris

Authors: Khalida Boutemak, Nasssima Benali, Nadji Moulai-Mostefa

Abstract:

Effect of enzyme on the yield and chemical composition of Artemisia campestris essential oil is reported in the present study. It was demonstrated that enzyme facilitated the extraction of essential oil with increase in oil yield and did not affect any noticeable change in flavour profile of the  volatile oil. Essential oil was tested for antibacterial activity using Escherichia coli; which was extremely sensitive against control with the largest inhibition (29mm), whereas Staphylococcus aureus was the most sensitive against essential oil obtained from enzymatic pre-treatment with the largest inhibition zone (25mm). The antioxidant activity of the essential oil with hemicellulase pre-treatment (EO2) and control sample (EO1) was determined through reducing power. It was significantly lower than the standard drug (vitamin C) in this order: vitamin C˃EO2˃EO1.

Keywords: Artemisia campestris, enzyme pre-treatment, hemicellulase, antibacterial activity, antioxidant activity.

Digital Object Identifier (DOI): doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1111705

References:

[1] P. Quezel, S. Santa. Nouvelle flore de l’Algérie et des régions désertiques méridionales (Tome II), Ed. CNRS, Paris (1963).
[2] S. Salido, L. R. Valenzuela, J. Altarejos, M. Nogueras, A. Sanchez, E. Cano. Composition and infraspecific variability of Artemisia herba alba from southern Spain. Biochemical Systematics and Ecology, 32, 265-277 (2004).
[3] Ş. Baykan Erel, G. Reznicek, S. G. Şenol, N. U. Karabayyavasogulu, S. Konyalioglioglu, A. U. Zeybek. Antimicrobial and antioxidant properties of Artemisia L. species from western Anatolia. Turkish Journal of Biology, 36, 75-84 (2012).
[4] Z. H.Shang, Y. Hou, R. J. Long. Chemical composition of essential oil of Artemisia nanschanica Krasch. From Tibetan plateau. Industrial Crops and Products, 40, 35-38 (2012).
[5] R. Belhattab, M. Boudjouref, J. G. Barroso, L. P. Pedro, A. C. Figueirido. Essential oil composition from Artemisia campestris grown in Algeria. Advances in Environmental Biology, 5(2), 429-432 (2011).
[6] S. Burt. Essential oils: their antibacterial properties and potential applications in foods- a review. International Journal of Food, 94, 223-253 (2004).
[7] F. Bakkali, S. Averbeck, D. Averbeck, M. Idaomar. Biological effects of essential oils- A review. Food and Chemical Toxicology, 46, 446-475 (2008).
[8] F. Chemat, M. Abert Vian, O. Dangles. Essential oils as antioxidants. International Journal of Essential Oil Therapeutics, 1, 4-15 (2007).
[9] M. Puri, D. Sharma, C. J. Barrow. Enzyme-assisted extraction of bioactives from plants. Trends in Biotechnology, Vol. 30, No.1(2012).
[10] H. B. Sowbhagya, K. T. Purnima, P. Florence Suma, A. G.Appu Rao, P. Srinivas. Evaluation of enzyme-assisted extraction on quality of garlic volatile oil. Food Chemistry, 113, 1234-1238 (2009).
[11] H. B. Sowbhagya, P. Srinivas, N. Krishnamurthy. Effect of enzymes on extraction of volatiles from celery seeds. Food Chemistry, 120, 230-234 (2010).
[12] H. B. Sowbhagya, P. Srinivas, K. T. Purnima, N. Krishnamurthy. Enzyme assisted extraction of volatiles from cumin (Cuminum cyminum L.) seeds. Food Chemistry, 127, 1856-1861 (2011).
[13] J. Jiao, Y. J. Fu, Y. G. Zu, M. Luo, W. Wang, L. Zhang, J. Li. Enzyme-assisted microwave hydro-distillation essential oil from Fructus forsythia, chemical constituents, and its antimicrobial and antioxidant activities. Food Chemistry, 134, 235–243 (2012).
[14] K. Hosni, I. Hassen, H. Chaabane, M. Jemlic, S. Dallali, H. Sebei, H. Casabiancae. Enzyme-assisted extraction of essential oils from thyme (Thymus capitatus L.) and rosemary: Impact on yield, chemical composition and antimicrobial activity. Industrial Crops and Products, 47, 291- 299 (2013).
[15] R. P. Adams, Identification of essential oil components by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry, Allured Publishing Co. Carol Stream, Illinois (2001).
[16] NCCLS (National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards). Performance standards for Antimicrobial Disk Susceptibility Test.; 6th ed. Approved Standard, Wayne Pa. M2-A6 (1997).
[17] I. F. F.Benzie, J. J. Strain. The ferric reducing ability of plasma as a measure of ‘antioxidant power’: the FRAP assay. Analytical Biochemistry, 239, 70-76 (1996).
[18] M. Oyaizu. Studies on product of browning reaction prepared from glucose amine. Japanese Journal of Nutrition, 44, 307-315(1986).
[19] I. Gulҫin, M. Elmastas, Y. H. Aboul-Enein. Antioxidant activity of clove oil-A powerful antioxidant source. Arabian Journal of Chemistry, 5, 489-499 (2010).
[20] Y. Wang, Y. Zu, J. Long, Y. Fu, S. Li, D. Zhang, J. Li, M. Wink, T. Efferth. Enzymatic water extraction of taxifolin from wood sawdust of Larix gmelini (Rupr.). And evaluation of its antioxidant activity. Journal of Food Chemistry, 126, 1178-1185 (2011).
[21] H. Ghorab, S. Laggoune, A. Kabouche, Z. Semra, Z. Kabouche. Essential oil composition and antibacterial activity of Artemisia campestris L.from Khenchela (Algeria). Der Pharmacia Lettre, 5 (2):189-192 (2013).
[22] T.Dob,D.Dahamane, T.Beramdane, C.Chelghoum. Chemical composition of the essential oil of Artemisia campestris L. from Algeria. Pharmaceutical Biology, 43 (6), 512–514 (2005).
[23] C. Duraffourd, J. C. Lapraz. Cuadernos de Fitoterapia Clinica (Ed.). Masson, Mexico, p.86 (1986).
[24] A. Elaissi, K. Hadj Salah, S. Mabrouk, K. Mohamed Larbi, R. Chemli, F. Harzallah-Skhiri. Antibacterial activity and chemical composition of 20 Eucalyptus species’essential oils. Journal of Food Chemistry, 129, 1427-1434 (2011).
[25] A. Akrout, H. El Jani, S. Amouri, M. Neffati. Screening of antiradical and antibacterial activities of essential oils of Artemisia campestris L., Artemisia helba Alba Asso, and Thymus capitatus Hoff. Et Link. Growing wild in the Southern of Tunisia. Recent Research in Science and Technology, 2, 29-39 (2010).
[26] T. Ṣerbetҫi, N. Ozsoy, B. Demirci, A. Can, Ṣ. D Kultur, K. H.Can Baṣer. Chemical composition of the essential oil and antioxidant activity of methanolic extracts from fruits and flowers of Hypericum lydium Boiss. Industrial Crops and Products, 36, 599-606 (2012).