Evaluation of Methodologies for Measuring Harmonics and Inter-Harmonics in Photovoltaic Facilities

Authors: Anésio de Leles F. Filho, Wesley R. de Oliveira, Jéssica S. G. Pena, Jorge A. C. Angarita

Abstract:

The increase in electric power demand in face of environmental issues has intensified the participation of renewable energy sources such as photovoltaics, in the energy matrix of various countries. Due to their operational characteristics, they can generate time-varying harmonic and inter-harmonic distortions. For this reason, the application of methods of measurement based on traditional Fourier analysis, as proposed by IEC 61000-4-7, can provide inaccurate results. Considering the aspects mentioned herein, came the idea of the development of this work which aims to present the results of a comparative evaluation between a methodology arising from the combination of the Prony method with the Kalman filter and another method based on the IEC 61000-4-30 and IEC 61000-4-7 standards. Employed in this study were synthetic signals and data acquired through measurements in a 50kWp photovoltaic installation.

Keywords: Harmonics, inter-harmonics, IEC61000-4-7, parametric estimators, photovoltaic generation.

Digital Object Identifier (DOI): doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1110590

References:

[1] Reis, A. (2014) Uma Contribuiçãopara o ControleOperativo de UnidadesEólicas: Modelagem, Regulação de Tensão e Minimização das DistorçõesHarmônicas. (Tese) Doutorado - Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, 2014.
[2] Ribeiro, P.F.; Paulillo, G. Aspectos da Qualidade da EnergiaElétrica no Contexto das RedesInteligentes. RevistaQualidade de Energia, Cap. X, p.40-50, Ed. 93, 2012.
[3] Baghzouz, Y. et al. “Time-varying harmonics: Part I - Characterizing measured data”, IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, v. 13, n. 3, p. 938-944, July 1998.
[4] Costa, F. F. (2005) Estimação de Harmônicos e Inter- HarmônicosemSistemasElétricos. (Tese) Doutorado – Centro de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, 2005.
[5] Leonowicz, Z.; Lobos, T.; Rezmer J. “Advanced Spectrum Estimation Methods for Signal Analysis in Power Electronics”, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, v. 50, n. 3, p. 514-519, June 2003.
[6] Sachin K. J.; Singh S.N. “Review Harmonics estimation in emerging power system: Key issues and challenges,” Electric Power Systems Research 81. p. 1754–1766, June 2011.
[7] IEC 61000-4-7, 2002, Testing and measurement techniques – General guide on harmonics and inter-harmonics measurements and instrumentation, for power supply systems and equipment connected thereto.
[8] IEC 61000-4-30, 2011, Testing and measurement techniques – Power quality measurement methods.
[9] Hanzelka, Z.; Bién, A. Harmonics: 3.1.1 Inter-harmonics. Produced in: AGH University of Science and Technology, July, 2004. In: Leonardo Power Quality Initiative (Org. & Ed.) “Power Quality Application Guide”, Available online in (30/03/2014): http://admin.staging.copperalliance.eu/docs /librariesprovider5/powerquality- and-utilisation-guide/311-interharmonics.pdf?sfvrsn=4.
[10] Marple Jr., S. L. Digital Spectral Analysis with Applications. Englewood Cliffs: Prentice- Hall, 1987. ISBN 0-13-214149-3.
[11] Gelb, A. et al. Applied Optimal Estimation. London: M.I.T. Press, 1974.
[12] Kalman, R. “A new approach to linear Filtering and prediction problems,” Trans. of the ASMEJ. Basic Eng., v. 82, p. 35-45, March 1960.
[13] Block, P. A. B. et al. “Power Quality Analyses of a Large Scale Photovoltaic System,” The fifth International Renewable Energy Congress - IREC, Tunisia, March 2014.