Commenced in January 2007
Frequency: Monthly
Edition: International
Paper Count: 33122
Theoretical Literature Review on Lack of Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Its Effects on Children
Authors: E. Abdi
Abstract:
The purpose of this theoretical literature review is to study the relevant academic literature on lack of cardiorespiratory fitness and its effects on children. The total of thirty eight relevant documents were identified and considered for this review which nineteen of those were original research articles published in peer reviewed journals. The other nineteen articles were statistical documents. This literature review is structured to examine 5 effects in deficiency of cardiorespiratory fitness in school aged children (A) Relative Age Effect (RAE), (B) Obesity, (C) Inadequate fitness level (D) Unhealthy life style, and (E) Academics. The categories provide a theoretical framework for future studies where results are driven from the literature review. The study discusses that regular physical fitness assists children and adolescents to develop healthy physical activity behaviors which can be sustained throughout adult life. Conclusion suggests that advocacy for increasing physical activity and decreasing sedentary behaviors at school and home are necessary.Keywords: Cardiorespiratory, endurance, physical activity, physical fitness.
Digital Object Identifier (DOI): doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1109401
Procedia APA BibTeX Chicago EndNote Harvard JSON MLA RIS XML ISO 690 PDF Downloads 2240References:
[1] R. J. Donatello, “Health, the Basics”. 2005. San Francisco: Pearson Education, Inc.
[2] G. S. Zavorsky, “Evidence and possible mechanisms of altered maximum heart rate with endurance training and tapering”. Sports medicine, 2000. 29(1), 13-26.
[3] Define terms. (nd). “Cardiorespiratory endurance”. Retrieved from http://community.plu.edu/~chasega/terms.html
[4] D. Lee, E. G. Artero, X. Sui, & S. N. Blair. Mortality trends in the general population: the importance of cardiorespiratory fitness. 2010 Journal of Psychopharmacology (Oxford, England), 24(4_supplement), 27–35. doi:10.1177/1359786810382057
[5] C. Y. Wang, W.L. Haskell, S.W. Farrell, M. J. LaMonte, S. N. Blair, L. R. Curtin. Cardiorespiratory fitness levels among US adults 20–49 years of age: findings from the 1999–2004 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. 2010 Am J Epidemiol 171: 426–435
[6] M. Gulati, H.R. Black, L.J. Shaw, M. F. Arnsdorf, C.N. Merz, Lauer M. S. Lauer (2005) The prognostic value of a nomogram for exercise capacity in women. N Engl J Med 353: 468–475
[7] D. Mozaffarian, A. Afshin, N.L. Benowitz, V. Bittner, S.R. Daniels, H. A. Franch, & N. A. Zakai, Population Approaches to Improve Diet, Physical Activity, and Smoking Habits A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association. 2012 Circulation, 126(12), 1514-1563.
[8] S. Veldhuizen, T.J. Wade, J. Cairney, J.A. Hay & B.E. Faught, “When and for whom are relative age effects important? evidence from a simple test of cardiorespiratory fitness”. American Journal of Human Biology, 2014. 26(4), 476-480.
[9] I. Fjørtoft, A. V. Pedersen, H. Sigmundsson & B. Vereijken, "Measuring physical fitness in children who are 5 to 12 years old with a test battery that is functional and easy to administer." Physical therapy 91.7 (2011): 1087-1095.
[10] J. Gahche, T. Fakhouri, D.D, Carroll, V.L. Burt, C. Wang, J. E. Fulton, “Cardiorespiratory Fitness Levels among U.S. Youth Aged 12–15 Years: United States, 1999–2004 and 2012,” Center for disease control and prevention. 2014, Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/databriefs/db153.htm
[11] C. L. Ogden, M.D. Carroll, B.K. Kit, K.M. Flegal, “Prevalence of childhood and adult obesity in the United States”, 2011–2012. JAMA 311(8):806–14. 2014.
[12] Center for Disease Control and Prevention. Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance—United States, 2011.MMWR 2012;61(SS-4)
[13] Center for disease control and prevention. The Association between school-based physical activity, including physical education, and academic performance. Atlanta, GA: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; 2010
[14] Z. Yin, J. B. Moore, M. H. Johnson, M. M. Vernon, and B. Gutin. "The impact of a 3-year after-school obesity prevention program in elementary school children." Childhood obesity 8, no. 1 (2012): 60-70.
[15] M. D. Tsiros, A. M. Coates, P. RC Howe, J. Walkley, A. P. Hills, R. E. Wood, and J. D. Buckley. "Are obese children really less fit? Influences of body composition and physical activity on cardiorespiratory fitness in obese and healthy-weight children. "Obesity Research & Clinical Practice 8 (2014): 106.
[16] M. T. Kantomaa, Marko T., E. Stamatakis, A. Kankaanpää, M. Kaakinen, A. Rodriguez, A. Taanila, T. Ahonen, M-R. Järvelin, and T. Tammelin. "Physical activity and obesity mediate the association between childhood motor function and adolescents’ academic achievement." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 110, no. 5 (2013): 1917-1922.
[17] T. Reinehr, M. Dobe, K. Winkel, A. Schaefer, & D. Hoffmann. Obesity and disabled children. 2010. Deutsches Arzteblatt International. 107(15): 268–275. Retrieved from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2864441/
[18] U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Physical activity guidelines for Americans. 2008. Retrieved from http://www.health.gov/paguidelines/
[19] M. Diament. Obesity more common among kids with special needs. 2011. Disability scoop. Retrieved from http://www.disabilityscoop.com/2011/12/07/obesity-specialneeds/ 14599/
[20] Children with special healthcare needs in context: a portrait of the states and the nation. 2007. Retrieved from http://mchb.hrsa.gov/nsch/07cshcn/
[21] A. Oswalt, M. Dombeck, Physical development: average growth. Children’s bodies change a lot during middle childhood. 2014. Retrieve from http://www.sevencounties.org/poc/view_doc.php?type=doc&id=37674 &cn=1272
[22] S.A. Carlson, J. E., Fulton, S. M. Lee, J. T., Foley, C. Heitzler, and M. Huhman. "Influence of limit-setting and participation in physical activity on youth screen time." Pediatrics 126, no. 1 (2010): e89-e96.
[23] M. S. Tremblay, A. G. LeBlanc, M. E. Kho, T. J. Saunders, R. Larouche, R. C. Colley & S. C. Gorber. Systematic review of sedentary behaviour and health indicators in school-aged children and youth. 2011 Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act, 8(1), 98.
[24] S. A. Kelly, B. M. Melnyk, D. L. Jacobson, & J. A. O’Haver. Correlates among healthy lifestyle cognitive beliefs, healthy lifestyle choices, social support, and healthy behaviors in adolescents: Implications for behavioral change strategies and future research. 2011. Journal of pediatric health care, 25(4), 216-223.
[25] L. J. Dodd, Y. Al-Nakeeb, A. Neville, & M. J. Forshaw. Lifestyle risk factors of students: a cluster analytical approach. 2010. Preventive medicine, 51(1), 73-77.
[26] D. Mozaffarian, A. Afshin, N. L., Benowitz, V. Bittner, S.R., Daniels, H. A., Franch & N.A. Zakai. Population Approaches to Improve Diet, Physical Activity, and Smoking Habits A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association. 2012. Circulation, 126(12), 1514-1563.
[27] W. B. Strean. (2009). Remembering instructors: pain, play, and pedagogy. 2009. Qualitative Research in Sport and Exercise, 1(3), 210- 220.doi 10.1080/19398440903192290
[28] Center for Disease Control and Prevention. Morbidity and mortality weekly report. Youth Risk. Behavior Surveillance—United States, 2011.MMWR 2012; 61(SS-4)
[29] Center for disease control and prevention. The Association between School-Based Physical Activity, Including Physical Education, and Academic Performance. Atlanta, GA: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; 2010
[30] R.C. Colley, D. Garriguet, I. Janssen, C. Craig, J. Clarke, Tremblay MS: Physical activity of Canadian children and youth: Accelerometer results from the 2007-2009 Canadian Health Measures Survey. In Health Rep. Volume 22. Statistics Canada, Catalogue no. 82-003-XPE; 2011(1).
[31] M. S. Tremblay, D. E. R. Warburton, I. Janssen, D.H. Patterson, A. E. Latimer, R. E. Rhodes, M. E. Kho, A. Hicks, A.G. LeBlanc, L. Zehr, K. Murumets, M. Duggan, New Canadian physical activity guidelines. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2011,36:36-46
[32] Physical Activity Guidelines Advisory Committee: Physical Activity Guidelines Advisory Committee Report. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; 2008
[33] Bull FC, Expert Working Groups: Physical activity guidelines in the U.K.: Review and recommendations. Leicestershire, UK: School of Sport, Exercise, and Health Sciences. Loughborough University; 2010.
[34] A. D. Okely, J. Salmon, S.G. Trost, T. Hinkley : Discussion paper for the development of physical activity recommendations for children under 5 years. Australian Government Department of Health and Ageing; 2008.
[35] World Health Organization: Global recommendations on physical activity for health. Geneva, Switzerland; World Health Organization; 2010.
[36] R. Moore, E. Davis, S. Drollette, M. R. Scudder, A. Bharij, and C. H. Hillman. "The influence of cardiorespiratory fitness on strategic, behavioral, and electrophysiological indices of arithmetic cognition in preadolescent children." Frontiers in human neuroscience 8 (2014).
[37] Haapala, Eero A. "Cardiorespiratory fitness and motor skills in relation to cognition and academic performance in children–a review." Journal of human kinetics 36, no. 1 (2013): 55-68. ]
[38] I. Esteban‐Cornejo, C. Mª. Tejero‐González, D. Martinez‐Gomez, V. Cabanas‐Sánchez, J. R. Fernández‐Santos, J. Conde‐Caveda, J. F. Sallis, and O. L. Veiga. "Objectively measured physical activity has a negative but weak association with academic performance in children and adolescents." Acta Paediatrica 103, no. 11 (2014): e501-e506.