Effect of Rubber Tyre and Plastic Wastes Use in Asphalt Concrete Pavement

Authors: F. Onyango, Salim R. Wanjala, M. Ndege, L. Masu

Abstract:

Asphalt concrete pavements have a short life cycle, failing mainly due to temperature changes, traffic loading and ageing. Modified asphalt mixtures provide the technology to produce a bituminous binder with improved viscoelastic properties, which remain in balance over a wider temperature range and loading conditions. In this research, 60/70 penetration grade asphalt binder was modified by adding 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 percent by weight of asphalt binder following the wet process and the mineral aggregate was modified by adding 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 percent crumb rubber by volume of the mineral aggregate following the dry process. The LDPE modified asphalt binder rheological properties were evaluated. The laboratory results showed an increase in viscosity, softening point and stiffness of the binder. The modified asphalt was then used in preparing asphalt mixtures by Marshall Mix design procedure. The Marshall Stability values for mixes containing 2% crumb rubber and 4% LDPE were found to be 30% higher than the conventional asphalt concrete mix.

Keywords: Crumb rubber, dry process, low-density polyethylene, hot mix asphalt, wet process.

Digital Object Identifier (DOI): doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1109291

References:

[1] W. Cao, “Study on properties of recycled tire rubber modified asphalt mixtures using dry process,” Construction and Building Materials, vol. 21(5), 2007, pp. 1011–1015
[2] G. A. Mturi, and J. O'Connell, “Rheological analysis of crumb rubber modified binder,” Pretoria, University of Pretoria, 2011.
[3] A. I. Al-Hadidy, Yi-Qiu and Tan, 2009 “Effect of polyethylene on life of flexible pavements,” Construction and Building Materials, vol. 23(3), pp. 1456-1464.
[4] A. Gawande, G. Zamare, V. C. Renge, S. Tayde, and G. Bharsakale, “An overview on waste plastic utilization in asphalting of roads,” Journal of Engineering Research and Studies, 2012, vol. III(2), pp. 1-5.
[5] L. Flynn, 1993, “Recycled plastic finds home in asphalt binder. Transportation Research Board, 1993, vol. 31(3), pp. 41-47.
[6] Y. Huang, R. N. Bird, and O. Heidrich, “A review of the use of recycled solid waste materials in asphalt pavements,” Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 2007, vol. 52(1), pp. 58-73.
[7] S. Liu, W. Cao, J. Fang, and S. Shang, “Variance analysis and performance evaluation of different crumb rubber modified (CRM) asphalt,” Construction and Building Materials, 2009, pp. 2701-2708.
[8] Department for International Development, “Overseas Road Note 19: A guide to the design of hot mix asphalt in tropical and sub-tropical countries,” Berkshire, UK: TRL Limited, 2002.
[9] SANRAL, “South African Pavement Engineering Manual,” 1 ed. South Africa: South African National Roads Agency Ltd, 2013.
[10] CSIR & SABITA, 2001, “Interim Guidelines for the design of Hot-mix Asphalt in South Africa, 2001. Available at: http://www.asphaltacademy.co.za/pubart.php (Accessed September 2012).
[11] Z. N. Kalantar, M. R. Karim, and A. Mahrez, “A review of using waste and virgin polymer in pavement,” Construction and Building Materials, 2012, vol. 33, pp. 55-62.
[12] S. Hinislioglu, and E. Agar, “Use of waste high density polyethylene as bitumen modifier in asphalt concrete mix,” Materials Letters, 2004, vol. 58, pp. 267-271.
[13] L.P. Fontes, G. Triches, J.C. Pais and P.A. Pereira, “Evaluating permanent deformation in asphalt rubber mixtures,” Construction and Building Materials, 2010, vol. 24, pp. 1193-1200.
[14] R. Siddique, and T. R. Naik, “Properties of concrete containing scraptire rubber-an overview,” Waste Management, 2004, vol. 24(6), pp. 563- 569.
[15] E. Ahmadinia, M. Zargar, M.R. Karim, M Abdelaziz and P Shafigh, “Using waste plastic bottles as additive for stone mastic asphalt,” Materials and Design, 2011, vol. 32(10), pp. 4844-4849.
[16] N. Rahman, M. Ahmeduzzaman, M. A Sobhan, and T. U. Ahmed,” Performance Evaluation of Waste Polyethylene and PVC on Hot Asphalt Mixtures,” American Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture, 2013, vol. 1(5), pp. 97-102.
[17] S. Rokade, “Use of waste plastic and waste rubber tyres in flexible highway pavements,” International Conference on Future Environment and Energy (IPCBEE), Singapore: IACSIT press, 2012, vol. 28, pp. 105- 108.
[18] U. Isacsson, and X. Lu, “Laboratory investigations of polymer modified bitumens,” Journal of the Association of Asphalt Paving Technologists, 1999, vol. 68, pp. 35-63.
[19] X. Lu, and U. Isacsson, “Modification of road bitumens with thermoplastic polymers,” Polymer Testing, 2001, vol. 20(1), pp. 77-86.