The Oxidative Damage Marker for Sodium Formate Exposure on Lymphocytes

Authors: Malinee Pongsavee

Abstract:

Sodium formate is the chemical substance used for food additive. Catalase is the important antioxidative enzyme in protecting the cell from oxidative damage by reactive oxygen species (ROS). The resultant level of oxidative stress in sodium formatetreated lymphocytes was investigated. The sodium formate concentrations of 0.05, 0.1, 0.2, 0.4 and 0.6 mg/mL were treated in human lymphocytes for 12 hours. After 12 treated hours, catalase activity change was measured in sodium formate-treated lymphocytes. The results showed that the sodium formate concentrations of 0.4 and 0.6 mg/mL significantly decreased catalase activities in lymphocytes (P < 0.05). The change of catalase activity in sodium formate-treated lymphocytes may be the oxidative damage marker for detect sodium formate exposure in human.

Keywords: Sodium formate, catalase activity, oxidative damage marker, toxicity.

Digital Object Identifier (DOI): doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1338374

References:

[1] B. Halliwell, “Antioxidant and Human Disease: A General Introduction” Nutr.Rev., vol.55, pp. S44-S52, 1997.
[2] M. Valko, D. Leibfritz, J. Moncol, M. Cronin, M.Mazur and J.TelseR, “Free Radicals and Antioxidants in Normal Physiological Functions and Human Disease” Int. J. Biochem. Cell. Biol., Vol. 39, no. 1, pp. 44–84, 2007.
[3] M.D. Kadiisaka and R.P. Mason, “Acute Methanol Intoxication Generates Free Radicals in Rats: An ESR Spin Trapping Investigation” Free Radic.Biol.Med., vol.28, pp. 1106-1114, 2000.
[4] J. Liesivuori and H. Savolainen, “Methanol and Formic Acid Toxicity: Biochemical Mechanisms” Pharmacol Toxicol., vol. 69, no.3, pp.157- 163, 1991.
[5] JL.Treichel, MM. Henry, CM. Skumatz, JT. Eells and JM. Burke, “Antioxidants and Ocular Cell Type Differences in Cytoprotection from Formic Acid Toxicity in vitro.” , Toxicological Sciences, vol. 82, no.1, pp.183-192, 2004
[6] DC. Dorman, B. Bolon, and KT. Morgan, “The Toxic Effects of Formate in Dissociated Primary Mouse Neural Cell Cultures.” Toxicol Appl Pharmacol, vol.122, no.2, pp.265-272, 1993.
[7] MT. Seme, P. Summerfelt, MM. Henry, J. Neitzand JT. Eells, “Formate- Induced Inhibition of Photoreceptor Function in Methanol Intoxication.” J Pharmacol Exp Ther, vol. 289, no.1, pp.361-370, 1999.
[8] JR. Hutson, A. Lubetsky , J. Eichhorst , R. Hackmon, G. Koren and BM. Kapur, “Adverse Placental Effect of Formic Acid on hCG Secretion is Mitigated by Folic Acid.”, Alcohol and Alcoholism, vol.48, no.3, pp.283-287, 2013.
[9] M. Banihashemi, AK. Rad, SA. Yazdi, H. Rakhshande, VM. Ghoyonlo, Z. Zabihi and H. Yousefzadeh, “Evaluation of the Effect of Formic Acid and Sodium Formate on Hair Reduction in Rat.” Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol, vol. 4, pp. 69-72, 2011.
[10] C. Harris, M. Dixon and JM. Hansen, “Glutathione Depletion Modulates Methanol, Formaldehyde and Formate Toxicity in Cultured Rat Conceptuses”, Cell Biol Toxicol, vol. 20, no.3, pp.133-145, 2004.
[11] E. Lastauskienė, A. Zinkevičienė, I. Girkontaitė, A. Kaunietis and V. Kvedariene,” Formic Acid and Acetic Acid Induce a Programmed Cell Death in Pathogenic Candida Species.”Current Microbiology, vol. 69, no.3, pp.303-310, 2014.