'Pink' Waxapple Response to Salinity: Growth and Nutrient Uptake

Authors: Shang-Han Tsai, Yong-Hong Lin, Chung-Ruey Yen

Abstract:

Waxapple (Syzygium samarngense Merr.et Perry) is an important tropical fruit in Taiwan. The famous producing area is located on the coast in Pingtung County. Land subsidence and climate change will tend to soil alkalization more seriously. This study was to evaluate the effects of NaCl in waxapple seedlings. NaCl salinity reduced waxapple shoot growth; it may due to reducing relative water content in leaf and new shoot. Leaf Cl and Na concentration were increased but K, Ca, and Mg content had no significant difference after irrigated with NaCl for six weeks. In roots, Na and Cl content increase significantly with 90 mM NaCl treatment, but K, Ca, and Mg content was reduced. 30-90mM Nacl treatment do not effect K/Na, Ca/Na and Mg/Na ratio, but decrease significantly in 90mM treatment in roots. The leaf and root electrolyte leakage were significantly affected by 90 mM NaCl treatment. Suggesting 90mM was optimum concentration for sieve out other tolerance waxapples verities.

Keywords: Growth, NaCl stress, Nutrient, Waxapple.

Digital Object Identifier (DOI): doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1099680

References:

[1] M. A. Aazami, M. Torabi, and F. Shekari, “Response of some tomato cultivars to sodium chloride stress under in vitro culture condition,” Afr. J. Agr. Res, 5, pp 2589-2592. 2010.
[2] A. Al-Yassin, “Influence of salinity on citrus: a review paper, ” J. Cent. Eur. Agric, 5, pp 263-272. 2004.
[3] M. Ashraf and P. J. S. Haris, “Potential biochemical indicators of salinity tolerance in plants,” Plant Sci. 166, pp 3-16. 2004.
[4] K. Alkilan, R.C.C. Forrell, D.T. Bell and J.K. Marshal, “Response of clonal river and gum (Eucalyptus camldulensis) to water logging by fresh and salt water,” Australian. J. Ext. Agri, 37, pp 243–248. 1997.
[5] L. Bernstein, L. E. Francois, and R. A. Clark, “Interactive effects of salinity and fertility on yields of grains and vegetables,” Agron. J, 66, pp 412-421. 1974.
[6] S. Cha-um, T. Takabe., and C. Kirdmanee, “Ion content, relative electrolyte leakage, proline accumulation, photosynthetic abilities and growth characters of oil palm seedlings in response to salt stress,” Pak. J. Boti, 42, pp 2191-2020. 2010.
[7] A. Chelli-Chaabounia, A. B. Mosbahb, M. Maalejb, K. Gargouric, R. Gargouri-Bouzidd, and N. Drirab, “In vitro salinity tolerance of two pistachio rootstocks: Pistacia vera L. and P. atlantica Desf,” Environ Exp Bot, 69, pp 302-312. 2010.
[8] G. R. Cramer and D. C. Bowman, “Kinetics of maize leaf elongation: I. Increased yield threshold limits short-term, steady-state elongation rates after exposure to salinity,” J. Exp. Bot,42, pp 1417-1426. 1991.
[9] G. R. Cramer, A. Läuchli, and V. S. Polito, “Displacement of Ca2+ by Na+ from the Plasmalemma of Root Cells A Primary Response to Salt Stress,” Plant Phy, 79, pp 207-211. 1985.
[10] G. Ebert, “Growth, ion uptake and gas exchange of two Annona species under salt stress,” J. Appl. Bot, 72, pp 61–65. 1998.
[11] R. Farhoudi, “Effect of salt stress on physiological and morphological parameters of Rapeseed cultivars,” Adv. Environ. Biol, 5, pp 2501-2508. 2011.
[12] I. Fisarakis, K. Chartzoulakis, and D. Stavrakas, “Response of sultana vines (V. vinifera L.) on six rootstocks to NaCl salinity exposure and recovery,” Agri. Water Man, 51, pp 13-27. 2001.
[13] M. A. Forner-Giner, F. Legaz, E. Primo-Millo, J. Forner, “Nutritional responses of citrus rootstocks to salinity: performance of new hybrids Forner-Alcaide 5 and Forner-Alcaide 13,” J. Plant Nutr, 34. pp 1437-1452. 2011.
[14] F. Garcia-Sanchez, J. L. Jifon, M. Carvajal, and J. P. Syvertsen, “Gas exchange, chlorophyll and nutrient contents in relation to Na+ and Claccumulation in ‘Sunburst’ mandarin grafted on different rootstocks,” Plant Sci, 162, pp 705–712. 2002.
[15] R. Gucci and M. Tattini, “Salinity tolerance in olive,” Hort. Rev, 21, pp 177–213. 1997.
[16] M. M. Hassan and P. B. Catlin, “Screening of Egyptian apricot (Prunus armeniaca L.) seedlings for response to salinity,” HortSci, 19, pp 243-245. 1984.
[17] IPCC, 2007, Summary for Policymakers, In: Climate Change 2007: The Physical Science Basis, Contribution of Working Group I to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
[Solomon, S., D. Qin, M. Manning, Z. Chen, M. Marquis, K.B. Averyt, M.Tignor and H.L. Miller (eds.)], Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA.
[18] W. D. Jeschke and J. S. Pate, “Cation and chloride partitioning through xylem and phloem within the whole plant of Ricinus communis L. under condition of salt stress,” J. Exp. Bot, 42, pp 1105–1116. 1991.
[19] C. T. Li, “Trend characteristic of hundred climate in Taiwan,” Global Change Communications Magazine, 59, pp 23-26. 2008. (in Chinese).
[20] O. Pérez-Tornero, C. I. Tallón, I. Porras, and J. M. Navarro, “Physiological and growth changes in micropropagated Citrus macrophylla explants due to salinity.” Plant Physiol, 166, pp 1923-1933. 2009.
[21] Z. Rengel, “The role of calcium in salt toxicity, Plant Cell Environ,” 15, pp 625–632. 1992.
[22] D. Ruiz, V. Martínez, and A. Cerdá, “Citrus response to salinity: growth and nutrient uptake,” Tree Physiol, 17, pp 141-150. 1997.
[23] N. Sreenivasasulu, B. Grinm, U. Wobus, and W, Weschke, “Differential response of antioxidant compounds to salinity stress in salt-tolerant and salt-sensitive seedlings of foxtailmillet (Setaria italica),” Plant Physiol, 109, pp 435-442. 2000.
[24] S. H. Tsai, C. R. Yen, P. S. Su, and Y. H. Lin, “Status of soil salinity in waxapple orchard of coastal areas of Pingtung County,” 57, pp 312-313. 2011. (abstract in chinese)
[25] D. W. West, “Stress physiology in trees-salinity,” Acta hort, 175, pp 321-332. 1986.
[26] A. R. Yeo, K. S. Lee, P. Izard, P. J. Boursier, and T.J. Flowers, “Shortand long-term effects of salinity on leaf growth in rice (Oryza sativa L.),” J. Exp. Bot, 42, pp 881-889. 1991.
[27] A. Yeo, “Predicting the interaction between the effects of salinity and climate change on crop plants,” Sci. Hort, 78, pp 159-174. 1999.
[28] F. Zadsalehimasouleh, V. Mozafari, A. Tajabadipour, and H. Hokmabadi, “Pistachio responses to salt stress at varied levels of magnesium,” J. Plant Nutr, 37, pp 889-906. 2014.
[29] Z. Zhu, G. Wei, J. Li, Q. Qian, and J. Yu, “Silicon alleviates salt stress and increases antioxidant enzymes activity in leaves of salt-stressed cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.),” Plant Sci, 167, pp 527-533. 2004.
[30] I. Zidan, H. Azaizeh, and P. M. Neumann, “Does salinity reduce growth in maize root epidermal cells by inhibiting their capacity for cell wall acidification,” Plant Physiol, 93, pp 7-11. 1990.