Impact Modified Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch Fiber/Poly(Lactic) Acid Composite
Commenced in January 2007
Frequency: Monthly
Edition: International
Paper Count: 33041
Impact Modified Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch Fiber/Poly(Lactic) Acid Composite

Authors: Mohammad D. H. Beg, John O. Akindoyo, Suriati Ghazali, Abdullah A. Mamun

Abstract:

In this study, composites were fabricated from oil palm empty fruit bunch fiber and poly(lactic) acid by extrusion followed by injection moulding. Surface of the fiber was pre-treated by ultrasound in an alkali medium and treatment efficiency was investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis and Fourier transforms infrared spectrometer (FTIR). Effect of fiber treatment on composite was characterized by tensile strength (TS), tensile modulus (TM) and impact strength (IS). Furthermore, biostrong impact modifier was incorporated into the treated fiber composite to improve its impact properties. Mechanical testing showed an improvement of up to 23.5% and 33.6% respectively for TS and TM of treated fiber composite above untreated fiber composite. On the other hand incorporation of impact modifier led to enhancement of about 20% above the initial IS of the treated fiber composite.

Keywords: Fiber treatment, impact modifier, natural fibers, ultrasound.

Digital Object Identifier (DOI): doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1099244

Procedia APA BibTeX Chicago EndNote Harvard JSON MLA RIS XML ISO 690 PDF Downloads 3268

References:


[1] K. Oksman, M. Skrifvars, and J.-F. Selin, "Natural fibres as reinforcement in polylactic acid (PLA) composites," Composites science and technology, vol. 63, pp. 1317-1324, 2003.
[2] S. Mohanty, S. K. Verma, S. K. Nayak, and S. S. Tripathy, "Influence of fiber treatment on the performance of sisal–polypropylene composites," Journal of Applied Polymer Science, vol. 94, pp. 1336-1345, 2004.
[3] B. Bax and J. Müssig, "Impact and tensile properties of PLA/Cordenka and PLA/flax composites," Composites Science and Technology, vol. 68, pp. 1601-1607, 2008.
[4] N. Graupner, A. S. Herrmann, and J. Müssig, "Natural and man-made cellulose fibre-reinforced poly (lactic acid)(PLA) composites: An overview about mechanical characteristics and application areas," Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing, vol. 40, pp. 810-821, 2009.
[5] M. S. Huda, L. T. Drzal, A. K. Mohanty, and M. Misra, "Effect of fiber surface-treatments on the properties of laminated biocomposites from poly (lactic acid)(PLA) and kenaf fibers," Composites Science and Technology, vol. 68, pp. 424-432, 2008.
[6] L. Petersson, I. Kvien, and K. Oksman, "Structure and thermal properties of poly (lactic acid)/cellulose whiskers nanocomposite materials," Composites Science and Technology, vol. 67, pp. 2535-2544, 2007.
[7] M. Islam, M. Beg, A. Gupta, and M. Mina, "Optimal performances of ultrasound treated kenaf fiber reinforced recycled polypropylene composites as demonstrated by response surface method," Journal of Applied Polymer Science, vol. 128, pp. 2847-2856, 2013.
[8] A. Moshiul Alam, M. Beg, D. Reddy Prasad, M. Khan, and M. Mina, "Structures and performances of simultaneous ultrasound and alkali treated oil palm empty fruit bunch fiber reinforced poly (lactic acid) composites," Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing, vol. 43, pp. 1921-1929, 2012.
[9] M. Islam, K. Pickering, and N. Foreman, "Influence of alkali treatment on the interfacial and physico-mechanical properties of industrial hemp fibre reinforced polylactic acid composites," Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing, vol. 41, pp. 596-603, 2010.
[10] X. Li, L. G. Tabil, and S. Panigrahi, "Chemical treatments of natural fiber for use in natural fiber-reinforced composites: a review," Journal of Polymers and the Environment, vol. 15, pp. 25-33, 2007.
[11] K. Sever, M. Sarikanat, Y. Seki, G. Erkan, Ü. H. Erdoğan, and S. Erden, "Surface treatments of jute fabric: the influence of surface characteristics on jute fabrics and mechanical properties of jute/polyester composites," Industrial Crops and Products, vol. 35, pp. 22-30, 2012.
[12] M. Chowdhury, M. Beg, M. R. Khan, and M. Mina, "Modification of oil palm empty fruit bunch fibers by nanoparticle impregnation and alkali treatment," Cellulose, vol. 20, pp. 1477-1490, 2013.
[13] B. K. Goriparthi, K. Suman, and N. Mohan Rao, "Effect of fiber surface treatments on mechanical and abrasive wear performance of polylactide/jute composites," Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing, vol. 43, pp. 1800-1808, 2012.
[14] S. K. Saw, G. Sarkhel, and A. Choudhury, "Surface modification of coir fibre involving oxidation of lignins followed by reaction with furfuryl alcohol: Characterization and stability," Applied Surface Science, vol. 257, pp. 3763-3769, 2011.
[15] N. Sgriccia, M. Hawley, and M. Misra, "Characterization of natural fiber surfaces and natural fiber composites," Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing, vol. 39, pp. 1632-1637, 2008.
[16] M. Jacob, S. Thomas, and K. Varughese, "Natural rubber composites reinforced with sisal/oil palm hybrid fibers: Tensile and cure characteristics," Journal of applied polymer science, vol. 93, pp. 2305- 2312, 2004.
[17] S. Joseph, K. Joseph, and S. Thomas, "Green composites from natural rubber and oil palm fiber: physical and mechanical properties," International Journal of Polymeric Materials, vol. 55, pp. 925-945, 2006.
[18] A. A. Mamun, H.-P. Heim, D. H. Beg, T. S. Kim, and S. H. Ahmad, "PLA and PP composites with enzyme modified oil palm fibre: A comparative study," Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing, vol. 53, pp. 160-167, 2013.
[19] A. K. Bledzki, A. A. Mamun, and M. Feldmann, "Polyoxymethylene composites with natural and cellulose fibres: Toughness and heat deflection temperature," Composites Science and Technology, vol. 72, pp. 1870-1874, 2012.
[20] B. Wirjosentono, P. Guritno, and H. Ismail, "Oil palm empty fruit bunch filled polypropylene composites," International Journal of Polymeric Materials, vol. 53, pp. 295-306, 2004.
[21] S. Ochi, "Mechanical properties of kenaf fibers and kenaf/PLA composites," Mechanics of materials, vol. 40, pp. 446-452, 2008.
[22] A. Rana, A. Mandal, and S. Bandyopadhyay, "Short jute fiber reinforced polypropylene composites: effect of compatibiliser, impact modifier and fiber loading," Composites Science and Technology, vol. 63, pp. 801- 806, 2003.