Design and Testing of Nanotechnology Based Sequential Circuits Using MX-CQCA Logic in VHDL

Authors: K. Maria Agnes, J. Joshua Bapu

Abstract:

This paper impart the design and testing of Nanotechnology based sequential circuits using multiplexer conservative QCA (MX-CQCA) logic gates, which is easily testable using only two vectors. This method has great prospective in the design of sequential circuits based on reversible conservative logic gates and also smashes the sequential circuits implemented in traditional gates in terms of testability. Reversible circuits are similar to usual logic circuits except that they are built from reversible gates. Designs of multiplexer conservative QCA logic based two vectors testable double edge triggered (DET) sequential circuits in VHDL language are also accessible here; it will also diminish intricacy in testing side. Also other types of sequential circuits such as D, SR, JK latches are designed using this MX-CQCA logic gate. The objective behind the proposed design methodologies is to amalgamate arithmetic and logic functional units optimizing key metrics such as garbage outputs, delay, area and power. The projected MX-CQCA gate outshines other reversible gates in terms of the intricacy, delay.

Keywords: Conservative logic, Double edge triggered (DET) flip flop, majority voters, MX-CQCA gate, reversible logic, Quantum dot Cellular automata.

Digital Object Identifier (DOI): doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1098122

References:

[1] P.Tougaw and C. Lent (1994), “Logical devices implemented using quantum cellular automata,” J. Appl. Phys., vol. 75, no.3, pp.1818–1825.
[2] P.Tougaw and C. Lent (1996), “Dynamic behavior of quantum cellular automata,” J. Appl. Phys., vol. 80, no. 8, pp. 4722–4736.
[3] M.Wilson et al. (2002), Nanotechnology: Basic Science and Emerging Technologies. London, U.K.: Chapman & Hall.
[4] C.Lent, P.Tougaw, W.Porod, and G.Bernstein(1993),,“Quantum cellular automata,” Nanotechnology, vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 49–57.
[5] C.S.Lent et al. (1993), “Quantum cellular automata,” Nanotechnology, vol. 4, pp. 49–57.
[6] C.S.Lent and P.D.Tougaw (1997),“A device architecture for computing with quantum dots,” Proc. IEEE, vol. 85, pp. 541–557.
[7] G.Toth and C.S.Lent (1999),“Quasi adiabatic switching for metal-island quantum-dot cellular automata,” J. Appl. Phys., vol. 85, no. 5, pp. 2977– 2984.
[8] W.Porod (1997),“Quantum-dot devices and quantum-dot cellular automata,” Int.J.Bifurcation and Chaos, vol. 7, no. 10, pp. 2199–2218.
[9] I.Amlani et al. (2000),“Experimental demonstration of a leadless quantum-dot cellular automata cell,” Appl.Phys. Lett, vol. 77, no. 5, pp. 738–740.
[10] R.Zhang, K.Walus, W.Wang, and G.A.Jullien (2004),“A method of majority logic reduction for quantum cellular automata,” IEEE Trans. Nanotechnol., vol. 3, no. 4, pp. 443–450.
[11] Marco Ottavi, P.DeBenedictis et al. (Nov.2011),“Partially reversible pipelined QCA circuits: Combining low power with high throughput,” IEEE Trans. Nanotechnol., vol.10, no. 6, pp. 1383-1393.
[12] E.Fredkin and T.Toffoli (1982), “Conservative logic,”Int.J.Theor.Phys, vol. 21, nos. 3–4, pp. 219–253.
[13] H.Thapliyal and N.Ranganathan (2010),“Reversible logic-based concurrently testable latches for molecular QCA,”IEEE Trans. Nanotechnol., vol.9, no. 1, pp. 62–69.
[14] S.Mahammad and K.Veezhinathan (2010),“Constructing online testable circuits using reversible logic,” IEEE Trans. Instrum. Meas., vol. 59, no. 1, pp. 101–109.
[15] R.Landauer (1961), “Irreversibility and heat generation in the computational process, IBMJ.Res.Dev” vol. 5, pp. 183–191.