Authors: Gianni Jacucci

Abstract:

We present a retrospective recount on the development of a research group over the past 30+ years. We reflect on a change in observing the experience (1990-2024) of a university sociotechnical research group dedicated to instill change for innovation in client organizations and enterprises. The group’s cognitive and action trajectory is influenced by subjective factors: intention and interpretation. Continuity and change are both present: the trajectory of the group exhibits the dynamic interplay of two components of subjectivity, a change of focus in persistence of scheme, and a tension between stability and change. The paper illustrates the meanings the group gave to their practice while laying down mission-critical theoretical considerations – autopoiesis. The aim of the work is to experience a fragment of phenomenological understanding (PU) of the cognitive dynamics of a Socio Technical System (STS)-aware ICT uptake laboratory during the digital revolution. PU is an intuitive going along the meaning, while staying close and present to the total situation of the phenomenon, by reading the codes that we observers invent in order to codify what nature is about. Thus, it allows the unveiling of subconscious, autopoietic, reflexive feedback mechanisms of second order governance. We perform this analysis on the work published over three decades by the ICT Lab, as if it were the narration of its cognitive autobiography. The paper brings points of discussion and insights of relevance for the STS community. It could be helpful in understanding the history of the community and in providing a platform for discussions on future developments. It can also serve as an inspiration and a historical capture for those entering the field.

Keywords: Phenomenology, subjectivity, autopoiesis, interpretation schemes, change for Innovation, socio technical research, social study of information systems.

Authors: O. I. Oginni

Abstract:

This study evaluated the implementation of public examination Chief Examiners’ Reports (CER) in mathematics curriculum content in senior secondary schools in Ekiti State, Nigeria. The study adopted descriptive survey research design. The sample consisted of 60 mathematics teachers and 120 students, selected using a multi-stage sampling procedure. Two self-constructed instruments used were employed: the questionnaire on teachers’ implementation of chief examiners’ report and mathematics curriculum contents’ (QTICERMCC) and questionnaire on students’ knowledge of chief examiners’ report and mathematics curriculum contents implementation (QSKCERMCCI). The instruments were validated by experts, and their reliability coefficients determined using Cronbach’s alpha, were 0.85 and 0.87, respectively. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The findings revealed that there was a significant relationship between awareness, availability, and accessibility of CER and the mathematics curriculum contents. Additionally, a significant relationship was observed in the implementation of CER in mathematics between teachers and students. Based on these findings, it was recommended that examination bodies should organize annual enlightenment programs to raise awareness among stakeholders on the utilization of CER.

Keywords: Availability, awareness, utilization, chief examiners’ reports, curriculum contents.

Authors: Srinivas Vangari

Abstract:

With the technological advancements around the globe, artificial intelligence (AI) has boosted supply chain management (SCM) by improving efficiency, sensitivity, and promptness. AI-based SCM provides comprehensive perceptions of consumer behavior in dynamic market situations and trends, foreseeing the accurate demand. It reduces overproduction and stockouts while optimizing production planning and streamlining operations. Consequently, the AI-driven SCM produces a customer-centric supply with resilient and robust operations. Intending to delve into the transformative significance of AI in SCM, this study focuses on improving efficiency in SCM with the integration of AI, understanding the production demand, accurate forecasting, and particular production planning. The study employs a mixed-method approach and expert survey insights to explore the challenges and benefits of AI applications in SCM. Further, a case analysis is incorporated to identify the best practices and potential challenges with the critical success features in AI-driven SCM. Key findings of the study indicate the significant advantages of the AI-integrated SCM, including optimized inventory management, improved transportation and logistics management, cost optimization, and advanced decision-making, positioning AI as a pivotal force in the future of SCM.

Keywords: Artificial intelligence, supply chain management, accurate forecast, accurate planning of production, understanding demand.

Authors: Yelena Agranovich, Larissa Ageyeva, Violetta Tyan, Aigul Syzdykbayeva

Abstract:

The modernization of the education system in the Republic of Kazakhstan aims to enhance the quality of teacher training and improve the key competencies of educators. The current professional standard for "Teacher" defines the general characteristics of teacher activities, their key competencies, and criteria corresponding to qualification categories structured incrementally to implement continuous professional development (CPD). CPD represents a process of constant improvement of a teacher's professional competencies and personal qualities throughout their career. This process encompasses various forms of training, self-education, and enhancement aimed at improving the quality of the educational process and adapting to the ever-changing conditions and requirements of the educational environment. CPD does not conclude upon completing formal education but continues to support teachers at all stages of their professional activity. The essence of CPD lies in the continuous integration of new knowledge and skills that enable teachers to adapt to changes in the education system, technologies, and teaching methods. This developmental process helps teachers stay abreast of the latest scientific advancements, innovations, and modern pedagogical practices. Continuous learning enables teachers to remain flexible and prepared for innovations, thereby creating prerequisites for improving the quality of education and fostering student development. This study aims to address the following objectives: analyzing international CPD practices, defining conceptual foundations, and identifying mechanisms for implementing CPD in Kazakhstan. The main principles of CPD are defined as longitudinality, systematicity, and fragmentation. The implementation of CPD is based on various theoretical approaches, including axiological, systemic, competence-based, activity-oriented, and learner-centered approaches. The study analyzes leading CPD models for educators. The target sample includes countries such as Australia, Japan, South Korea, England, Singapore, Sweden, Finland, and Kazakhstan.

Keywords: Advanced training, continuous professional development for teachers, CPD models, professional development, teacher, teacher training.

Authors: Mawa AbdelBagi Mohamed

Abstract:

This study examines the complex social fabric woven within the Abu-Shouk internally displaced persons camp, shaped by the chaotic waves of armed conflict and displacement in the early 2000s. The impact of war, economic constraints, and altered living conditions have fundamentally reshaped families and traditions, presenting both challenges and opportunities. In this exploration, the paper navigates the resilience of a community thrust into adversity, spotlighting how it emerged as essential in rebuilding social bonds. Exchanges of culture, intertribal marriages, and communal gathering spots have become essential tools in fostering cohesion and understanding amidst diversity. However, this resilience has been tested by the intrusion of politics, leading to shifts in governance structures and community dynamics. As the paper concludes, it is evident that while the scars of displacement and political disruptions are present, the community's enduring spirit and adaptability shine through. Empowering the community to rebuild their social tapestry, bridging the gaps, and restoring unity amid evolving political realities remain the beacon guiding their journey toward a shared, purposeful future.   

Keywords: Dārfūr, internally displaced person, social fabric, conflict.

Authors: Potjana Chunthanom

Abstract:

The Thai labor market experiences increasing challenges due to disruptive technologies and demographic shifts, including the COVID-19 pandemic. Consequently, there is a widening gap between the skills that firms seek and the skills that employees possess. This study aims to examine the incidence of vertical and horizontal mismatches and their impact on wages in Thailand before and during the COVID-19 pandemic using data from the third quarter of 2018 to 2021 from Thailand's National Labor Force Survey. This paper applies three methods: ordinary least squares (OLS), pooled ordinary least squares (Pooled OLS), and counterfactual decomposition. The findings suggest that the incidence of overeducation and field-of-study mismatch continues to increase during the COVID-19 pandemic in comparison to the two previous years. In contrast, there is a notable decline in the percentage of undereducated workers during the same period. Additionally, overeducated workers earn wage premiums, whereas undereducated and horizontally mismatched workers face wage penalties. The result also indicates that the COVID-19 pandemic has significant negative (positive) effects on overeducated (undereducated) workers.

Keywords: COVID-19, horizontal mismatch, overeducation, undereducation.

Authors: Arushi S. Goyal, Jo Aggarwal, Ravi Jasuja

Abstract:

Vapes have always been marketed as safer alternatives to traditional cigarettes; however, their perceived safety still remains a topic of debate. While the addictive properties of nicotine have garnered significant interest, the adverse effects of “inert” ingredients in vapes only now coming under scrutiny. With ease of concealment and varied aromas, vape usage amongst high school students continues unabated in countries like India, which have instituted comprehensive bans on e-cigarettes. With an overt government ban, there is paucity of public data on determinants of teenage vaping patterns and parental engagement in curbing this debilitating dependency. Additionally, the large body of peer reviewed studies on vaping have been primarily conducted in Western countries. Accordingly, the purpose of this study was to examine the factors affecting the causes and attitudes towards vaping among adolescents in urban India, as well as the gaps in parental awareness. We posit that this study would lay out a reusable framework for extending the studies across conservative societies where adolescents support vaping behavior even with strong governmental policies. Two surveys were used to collect data. Participants from eight private schools in Bangalore completed an online survey. The first survey sampled adolescents aged 14-18 years, while the second surveyed the parents of children in the same age group from the same schools. Informed consent was obtained from all participants, and all data collected were anonymous. We find substantial discordance in self-reported vape use by the adolescents and the parents’ knowledge of their child’s exposure to vaping. Over one fifth of respondents (22.4%) reported using e-cigarettes, while only 5% of parents reported that their children used e-cigarettes. Contrary to previous findings, girls are more likely to initiate and continue vaping than boys. Even though over 70% of adolescents believe that vaping is addictive, only 22.8% of respondents were aware of the components, or the extent of its impact. While peer pressure is often perceived to be the enabling factor, curiosity was reported as the primary reason for the initiation. Adolescents who vape saw regulations on sales and marketing as the most effective deterrent. In contrast, parents and other students leaned on school infrastructure to intervene. There has been a significant increase in vaping and a substantial discordance between parental perceptions and adolescent vaping.

Keywords: Adolescents, e-cigarettes, health consequences, India, parental awareness, vapes.

Authors: Amandine Legrand, Stefan Bornhofen

Abstract:

Lenia is a family of cellular automata with continuous states, space and time, that surprises not only with the emergence of life-like structures and behavior, but also its beauty. This paper reports on a comparative study conducted between the most prominent implementations currently used in the scientific community and a new GPU implementation written in CUDA C++. Our study primarily considers measurements of speed and memory usage, as these factors are critical for large-scale simulations, but we also assess ease of use, configurability, and extensibility. Experimental runs show that the CUDA implementation distinctly outperforms existing implementations while conserving a reasonable memory footprint. The results demonstrate how low-level GPU programming combined with different optimization ideas allows pushing the performance boundaries of the Lenia algorithm, and they provide valuable lessons for the general practice of parallel programming for continuous cellular automata.

Keywords: Lenia, cellular automaton, CUDA, parallel computing.

Authors: George Eduful, Yuanyuan Fan, Ahmed Abu-Siada

Abstract:

This paper investigates the dynamic behaviour of a 200 kVA, 11/0.433 kV cable-fed transformer under ferroresonance conditions using an analytical approach. The objective is to gain insight into the characteristics of ferroresonance and identify potential solutions for mitigating its effects in power distribution networks. To achieve this, a simplified mathematical model was developed, incorporating the transformer's inductive reactance and the capacitance of the cable. The nonlinear magnetic characteristics of the transformer were represented using a typical magnetising curve for a transformer of this capacity. MATLAB simulations were employed to validate the accuracy of the mathematical model. Frequency analysis of both the model and the simulation confirmed the occurrence of fundamental-mode ferroresonance. It was found that ferroresonance in cable-fed transformers can lead to severe voltage oscillations with increased amplitudes. While the mathematical model provides a valuable framework for understanding the circuit's behaviour, the simulation results emphasise the importance of considering nonlinearities and real-world component variations for accurate predictions.

Keywords: Ferroresonance, cable-fed transformer, Poincaré maps, MATLAB Simulation.

Authors: A. Elagez, R. Monib

Abstract:

This empirical study investigates the observed risks associated with adopting Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies in the construction industry and proposes potential mitigation strategies. While AI has transformed several industries, the construction industry is slowly adopting advanced technologies like AI, introducing new risks that lack critical analysis in the current literature. A comprehensive literature review identified a research gap, highlighting the lack of critical analysis of risks and the need for a framework to measure and mitigate the risks of AI implementation in the construction industry. Consequently, with two distinct surveys (n = 15 and n = 45), and semi-structured interviews with four industry professionals, this research reveals significant disparities in AI adoption readiness between research and industry sectors. Survey results showed 87% familiarity with AI among research professionals compared to only 18% among industry practitioners, with corresponding adoption rates of 67% and 11% respectively. The study identified key barriers to AI adoption, with lack of awareness, insufficient knowledge and skills, and high implementation costs ranking as the most significant challenges. The most critical risks associated with AI use were identified as data security/privacy, lack of human control, algorithmic bias, and accountability. Additionally, the research revealed that 67% of research-oriented respondents believed Trustworthy AI could help manage risks, while 75% supported Explainable AI as a risk mitigation tool. These findings emphasize the necessity for tailored risk assessment frameworks, guidelines, and governance principles to address the identified risks and promote the responsible adoption of AI technologies in the construction sector.

Keywords: Applications of artificial intelligence in construction, artificial intelligence ethics and bias, artificial intelligence risks in construction, risk management.

Authors: Qiaohui Zhong, Yiqi Kuang, Wanxun Cai, Libin Huang

Abstract:

As a community public facility, the popularity and perfection of old clothes recycling products directly affect people's impression of the whole city, which is related to the happiness index of residents' lives and is of great significance to the construction of eco-civilized cities and the realization of sustainable urban development. At present, China's waste clothing is characterized by large production and a high utilization rate, but the current rate of old clothes recycling is low, and the ‘one-size-fits-all’ recycling model makes people's motivation for old clothes recycling low, and old clothes recycling is in a dilemma. Based on the two online and offline recycling modes of old clothes recycling in Chinese communities, this paper conducts an in-depth survey on the public, operators, and regulators from the aspects of activity scene analysis, crowd attributes analysis, and community space analysis summarizes the difficulties of old clothes recycling for the public - nowhere to recycle, inconvenient to recycle and unwilling to recycle, and analyzes the factors that lead to these difficulties, and gives a solution with foreign experience to solve these problems. It also analyzes the factors that lead to these difficulties and gives targeted suggestions in combination with foreign experience, exploring and proposing a set of appropriate modern old-clothes recycling modes.

Keywords: Community, old clothes recycling, recycling mode, sustainable urban development.

Authors: Zou Yihui

Abstract:

The integration of the traditional landscape of the ancient city and the poet's emotions and symbolization into ancient poetry is the unique cultural gene and spiritual core of the historical city, and re-understanding the historical landscape pattern from the poetry is conducive to continuing the historical city context and improving the current situation of the gradual decline of the poetry of the modern historical urban landscape. Given the abundant urban landscape information embedded in poetic texts, this study employs semantic analysis and text mining techniques to investigate Tang Dynasty Chang’an City through term extraction, frequency analysis, and cluster analysis of classical poetry. A methodological framework is established for analyzing urban landscape morphology through poetic textual analysis. By examining nearly 160 landscape-related poems about Tang Chang’an, this research conducts a geographically contextualized investigation of its poetic landscape characteristics, aiming to integrate them with modern urban spatial development to perpetuate the cultural continuity of urban spaces.

Keywords: Tang Chang'an City, poetic texts, semantic analysis, historical landscape.

Authors: Sonali Mohite, Ankur Kumar Agrawal

Abstract:

Severe changes to Organizational Sustainability (OS) have been brought about by the COVID-19 pandemic. This situation forces organizations to tackle the competencies required to augment Employee Resilience (ER) and make profitable growth. This study explores how ER contributes to both individual and organizational success in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic. We suggest that employees who possess strong coping mechanisms and adaptability are better equipped to handle ongoing disruptions, resulting in improved individual performance metrics like productivity, engagement, and innovative thinking. Hence, exploring the efficiency of ER in improving EP and OS in post-pandemic (PP) is the aim of this research. By utilizing convenience sampling techniques, a total of 422 employees have been collected from numerous organizations. After that, the study’s hypothesis is analyzed by using Structural Equation Modelling (SEM). As per the study’s findings, the ER factors of “Job Satisfaction (JS)”, “Self-Efficacy (SE)”, “Supervisors’ Support (SS)”, and “Facilitating Conditions (FC)” have positive and significant associations with organizational efficiency. Furthermore, the study’s findings also exhibited that there is the most important relation between SE and EOP.

Keywords: Employee resilience, employee performance, organizational performance, sustainability, and post-pandemic.

Authors: Shaoxiang Wang, Xiangjin Zhang

Abstract:

This study focuses on the overload environment and dynamic response of the core components (i.e., sensors) within the fuze of a warhead-fuze system during penetration of typical targets. Considering the connection structure between the warhead and the fuze, as well as the internal structure of the fuze, a finite element model of the warhead-fuze system penetrating a semi-infinite thick concrete target was constructed using the finite element analysis software LS-DYNA for numerical simulation. The results reveal that the response signal of the sensors inside the warhead-fuze system is larger in magnitude and exhibits greater vibration disturbances compared to the acceleration signal of the warhead. Moreover, the study uncovers the dynamic response characteristics of the sensors within the warhead-fuze system under multi-condition scenarios involving different target strengths and penetration angles. The research findings provide a sound basis for the rapid and effective prediction of the dynamic response and overload characteristics of critical modules within the fuze under different working conditions, offering technical references for the integrated design of warhead-fuze systems.

Keywords: Penetration, warhead-fuze system, multi-condition, acceleration overload signal, numerical simulation.

Authors: Yuning Guan

Abstract:

Under the background of rapid urbanization, mountainous counties need to break through mountain barriers for urban expansion due to undulating topography, resulting in ecological problems such as landscape fragmentation and reduced biodiversity. Green infrastructure networks are constructed to alleviate the contradiction between urban expansion and ecological protection, promoting the healthy and sustainable development of urban ecosystems. This study applies the Morphological Spatial Pattern Analysis (MSPA) model, the Minimum Cumulative Resistance (MCR) model and Linkage Mapper Tools to identify ecological source sites and eco-corridors in Shapingba District of Chongqing, and combined with landscape connectivity assessment, gravity model and circuit theory to delineate the importance levels to extract ecological pinch point areas on the corridors. The results show that: (1) 20 ecological source sites are identified, with a total area of 126.47 km2, accounting for 31.88% of the study area, and showing a pattern of "one core, three corridors, multi-point distribution". (2) 37 ecological corridors are formed in the area, with a total length of 62.52 km, with a "more in the west, less in the east" pattern. (3) 42 ecological pinch points are extracted, accounting for 25.85% of the length of the corridors, which are mainly distributed in the eastern new area. Accordingly, this study proposes the optimization strategies of sub-area protection of ecological sources, grade-level construction of ecological corridors, and precise restoration of ecological pinch points.

Keywords: Green infrastructure network, morphological spatial pattern, minimal cumulative resistance, mountainous counties, circuit theory, Shapingba district.

Authors: Raffaella Sesana, Nazanin Sheibanian, Luca Corsaro, Sedat Özbilen, Rocco Lupoi, Francesco Artusio

Abstract:

High Entropy Alloy (HEA) coatings of Al0.1-0.5CoCrCuFeNi and MnCoCrCuFeNi on Mg substrates were prepared from mechanically alloyed HEA powder feedstocks and at three different Cold Spray (CS) process gas (N2) temperatures (650, 750 and 850 °C). Mechanically alloyed and cold-sprayed HEA coatings were characterized by macro photography, optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM/EDS) analysis, micro-hardness testing, roughness, and porosity measurements. As a result of mechanical alloying (MA), harder particles are deformed and fractured. The particles in the Cu-rich region were coarser and more globular than those in the A1 phase, which is relatively soft and ductile. In addition to the A1 particles, there were some separate Cu-rich regions. Due to the brittle nature of the powder and the acicular shape, Mn-HEA powder exhibited a different trend with smaller particle sizes. It is observed that MA results in a loose structure characterized by many gaps, cracks, signs of plastic deformation, and small particles attached to the surface of the particle. Considering the experimental results obtained, it is not possible to conclude that the chemical composition of the HEA influences the roughness of the coating. It has been observed that the deposited volume increases with temperature only in the case of Al0.1 and Mg-based HEA, while for the rest of the Al-based HEA, there are no noticeable changes. There is a direct correlation between micro-hardness and the chemical composition of a coating: the micro-hardness of a coating increases as the percentage of aluminum increases in the sample. Compared to the substrate, the coating has a much higher hardness, and the hardness measured at the interface is intermediate.

Keywords: Characterization, cold spraying, High Entropy Alloy, coatings, SEM+EDS.

Authors: Chibuzo Emeruwa, Raymond C. Abenga

Abstract:

A thorough cost-benefit analysis (CBA) of solar energy adoption in urban and rural areas is presented in this study, with an emphasis on the social, environmental, and economic ramifications of switching to solar power in these disparate settings. Reducing greenhouse gas emissions and reliance on fossil fuels are two major benefits of solar energy, which is becoming more widely acknowledged as a sustainable and affordable substitute for traditional energy sources. However, because infrastructure, energy requirements, and economic factors vary between urban and rural areas, there are differences in the viability and advantages of implementing solar technology. With an emphasis on initial investment, maintenance expenses, energy savings, and environmental advantages, the study examines the costs and advantages of installing solar energy systems in both contexts. Additionally, it looks at socioeconomic aspects like energy accessibility, rural development, and job creation. The results show that rural areas stand to gain a great deal from decentralized solar solutions, particularly in terms of energy access, local economic development, and environmental sustainability, while urban areas enjoy the advantages of economies of scale and access to cutting-edge infrastructure. Policymakers and other energy sector stakeholders can gain important insights from the study's comparison of the economic and social feasibility of solar energy adoption in urban and rural areas. This research work highlights the necessity of customized strategies for implementing solar energy that take into consideration regional differences in infrastructure, income, and energy requirements. In the end, the analysis emphasizes how solar energy may help ensure that both urban and rural areas have a resilient, egalitarian, and sustainable energy future.

Keywords: Cost-benefit analysis, energy policy, renewable energy adoption, socio-economic impact, solar energy.

Authors: Bolormaa Dalanbayar, Batsaikhan Ulaankhuu, Bayarmaa Tsogtbaatar

Abstract:

In this study, we surveyed employers and students to identify alignment between employer needs and student self-assessment of skills. The employers' survey consisted of 15 questions to determine the employers' assessment of the knowledge and skills of graduates in the heavy equipment repairer's programs from four Technical and Vocational Education and Training schools. We also compared the survey questionnaire with Liebherr brand’s job duty requirements to determine the training needs and qualification level of their new workers. The study shows that more than 76% of employers assessed professional knowledge as sufficient, more than 47% of employers assessed vocational skills as sufficient and more than 43% of employers rated attitudes as sufficient. Therefore, we can state that there is a skill mismatch between employer's assessment and students’ self-assessment.

Keywords: Skill mismatch, employer’s needs, competence-based curriculum, employer’s assessment.

Authors: Troy M. Houser

Abstract:

The successor representation balances flexible and efficient reinforcement learning by learning to predict the future, given the present. As such, the successor representation models stimuli as what future states they lead to. Therefore, two stimuli that are perceptually dissimilar but lead to the same future state will come to be represented more similarly. This is very similar to an older behavioral paradigm -the acquired equivalence paradigm, which measures the generalization of learned associations. Here, we test, via computational modeling, the plausibility that the successor representation is the mechanism by which people generalize knowledge learned in the acquired equivalence paradigm. Computational evidence suggests that this is a plausible mechanism for acquired equivalence and thus can guide future empirical work on individual differences in associative-based generalization.

Keywords: Acquired equivalence, successor representation, generalization, decision-making.

Authors: Mohamed Sami Albordini, Faris Tarlochan

Abstract:

Bruises in apples affect their quality, and consumer acceptance, and willingness to purchase after harvest, transport, and storage. This study aims to analyze the impact of various drop heights on bruising when apples are dropped onto structural steel—a material frequently used in fruit pallets. In this study, 27 simulations were conducted using SolidWorks at three drop heights: 500 mm, 1000 mm, and 1500 mm, and nine tray designs to evaluate the resulting stress. The results showed that the level of bruising increased with higher drop heights. The impact velocity, surface hardness, and stress level were identified as key factors contributing to bruising. Among the nine tray designs, tray design 1 demonstrated the least stress measured across all drop heights, making it the most effective at minimizing bruising. These findings highlight the importance of reducing drop height and improving packaging to minimize mechanical damage, preserve apple quality, and extend shelf life.

Keywords: Bruising, apple, drop height, shelf life, SolidWorks.

Authors: Basem A. El Werfalli, Osama R. Shaltamia, Ragab M. Al Alwany

Abstract:

The present work aims to characterize the geochemistry of the beach sands along the Mediterranean Coast from Al Kuwifia to Tolmeita, Northeast Libya. The major oxides CaO and MgO are the main constituents of the carbonate minerals; calcite and aragonite. SiO2 is mainly in the form of quartz. Sometimes a high quotient of SiO2 together with the oxides; Al2O3, K2O and partly of Na2O, TiO2 and Fe2O3 are essentially allocated within the structure of the feldspars. Part of Na2O and the content of Cl belong mainly to halite. Part of Fe2O3 and TiO2 may be accommodated as iron oxyhydroxides. Part of CaO and the content of SO3 are allotted within the gypsum structure. Ba, Sr, Th, U and Rare Earth Elements (REE) are basically controlled by the carbonate fraction, while Cu, Zn, V and Cr are strongly correlated with Al2O3.

Keywords: Geochemistry, major oxides, Al Kuwifia, Tolmeita.

Authors: Adam Beaunoyer, Cory Beaunoyer, Mohammed Elmorsy, Hanan Saleh

Abstract:

This research aims to create a reinforcement learning agent capable of racing in challenging simulated environments with a low collision count. We present a reinforcement learning agent that can navigate challenging tracks using both a Deep Q-Network (DQN) and a Soft Actor-Critic (SAC) method. A challenging track includes curves, jumps, and varying road widths throughout. Using open-source code on Github, the environment used in this research is based on the 1995 racing game WipeOut. The proposed reinforcement learning agent can navigate challenging tracks rapidly while maintaining low racing completion time and collision count. The results show that the SAC model outperforms the DQN model by a large margin. We also propose an alternative multiple-car model that can navigate the track without colliding with other vehicles on the track. The SAC model is the basis for the multiple-car model where it can complete the laps quicker than the single-car model but has a higher collision rate with the track wall.

Keywords: Reinforcement learning, soft actor-critic, Deep Q-Network, Self-driving cars, artificial intelligence, Gaming.

Authors: Zisu Feng

Abstract:

Community is the basic unit of the city, community pedestrian space is also an important part of the urban public space, and its quality improvement is also closely related to the residents' happiness and sense of belonging. Domestic and international research perspectives on community pedestrian space have gradually changed to inclusive design for the whole population, paying more attention to the equitable accessibility of urban space and the multiple composite enhancement of spatial connotation. In order to realize the inclusive and sustainable development of pedestrian space in old communities, this article selects Cao Yang New Village in Shanghai as a practice case, and based on the connotation of inclusiveness, the four dimensions of space, traffic, function, and emotion are selected as the layers of inclusive connotation of pedestrian space in old communities. This article identifies the objective social needs, dynamic activity characteristics and subjective feelings of multiple subjects, and reconstructs the structural hierarchy of “spatial perception - behavioral characteristics - subjective feelings” of walking. It also proposes a governance strategy of “reconfiguring the pedestrian network, optimizing street quality, integrating ecological space and reshaping the community scene” from the aspects of quality of physical environment and quality of behavioral perception, aiming to provide new ideas for promoting the inclusive and sustainable development of pedestrian space in old communities.

Keywords: Inclusivity, old community, pedestrian space, spatial quality, sustainable renovation.

Authors: Linghui “Jeff” Meng, James Atlas, Deborah Munro

Abstract:

There is an increasing demand for prosthetics capable of mimicking natural limb movements and hand gestures, but precise movement control of prosthetics using only electrode signals continues to be challenging. This study considers the implementation of machine learning as a means of improving accuracy and presents an initial investigation into hand gesture recognition using models based on electromyographic (EMG) signals. EMG signals, which capture muscle activity, are used as inputs to machine learning algorithms to improve prosthetic control accuracy, functionality, and adaptivity. Using logistic regression, a machine learning classifier, this study evaluates the accuracy of classifying two hand gestures from the publicly available Ninapro dataset using two-time series feature extraction algorithms: Time Series Feature Extraction (TSFE) and Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs). Trials were conducted using varying numbers of EMG channels from one to eight to determine the impact of channel quantity on classification accuracy. The results suggest that although both algorithms can successfully distinguish between hand gesture EMG signals, CNNs outperform TSFE in extracting useful information for both accuracy and computational efficiency. In addition, although more channels of EMG signals provide more useful information, they also require more complex and computationally intensive feature extractors and consequently do not perform as well as lower numbers of channels. The findings also underscore the potential of machine learning techniques in developing more effective and adaptive prosthetic control systems.

Keywords: EMG, machine learning, prosthetic control, electromyographic prosthetics, hand gesture classification, CNN, computational neural networks, TSFE, time series feature extraction, channel count, logistic regression, ninapro, classifiers.

Authors: T. Bhanu Teja, N. Hari Kumar, G. Nagaraju, B. Manohar

Abstract:

In today’s age of technology and space exploration, the emergence of nano-satellites has transformed how we observe and collect data, on our planet. One notable advancement is the creation of a nano-satellite dedicated to monitoring weather offering efficient real time weather updates. This paper explores the details, mission objectives, integration procedures and testing phases involved in developing a prototype weather monitoring nano-satellite. It highlights the satellites’ capabilities and importance in improving our comprehension of weather patterns. The technical specifications of satellites play a role in determining their functionality and efficiency in gathering weather data through the Internet of Things. These compact satellites, typically weighing between 1 to 3 kilograms, possess impressive payload capacities. They come equipped with sensors tailored for weather monitoring purposes. These are powered by automatic solar trackers using servo motors. These sensors include temperature, altitude, pressure, light intensity and air quality detectors that enable detection and analysis of conditions. Additionally, nano-satellites designed for weather monitoring are equipped with state-of-the-art communication systems that facilitate data transfer, to Earth instantly with IOT based Blynk Server and Blynk App. This guarantees dependable weather information, for purposes through the use of IoT. Moreover, this system includes an ESP32 based camera that wirelessly captures images as well.

Keywords: Internet of Things, satellite, sensors, camera, servo motors.

Authors: Sandeep Kumar Gupta

Abstract:

Blue Economy is related to Sustainable Development Goal 14 “Life Below Water”. India's strategic maritime position in the Indian Ocean, coupled with its extensive coastline, significant Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ), and robust maritime trade, underscores its immense potential for Blue Economy growth. As the world's second-largest fish producer, India’s fisheries and aquaculture sectors are critical for providing food, nutrition, employment, and livelihoods. However, the accessibility of seafood remains predominantly confined to coastal regions, limiting its potential to bolster economic and nutritional benefits in inland areas. The Bihar State’s large part remains under flood water, rain water and water released by Nepal through rivers flowing towards India. Consequently, the rural population cannot cultivate land and is only dependent on food that grows with water. The hypothesis is that if the seafood market is brought in this region, then there is a lot of potential for the development of the blue economy in Bihar. It will not only help in economic development but will also help in generating employment and getting nutritious food. It can neutralize food scarcity due to water logged situations. Expanding the seafood market to interior regions, such as Bihar, which has unique geographical and demographic challenges, presents a significant opportunity for Blue Economy advancement. The state’s reliance on freshwater fish and its vulnerability to waterlogged conditions highlight the untapped potential for introducing seafood markets. Such an initiative can address food security concerns, generate employment, enhance nutrition, and foster economic growth in waterlogged and flood-prone areas. Thus, the domestic market can provide big access to fisheries, aquaculture and other ocean products in India and can be a source of sustainable development.

Keywords: Blue economy, sustainable development, seafood market, Exclusive Economic Zone, food security.

Authors: Matthew Kostawich, Mohammed Elmorsy, Mohamed Sayed Sifat, Shoukry Shams, Mahmoud Elsaadany

Abstract:

6G communication systems represent the nominal future extension of current wireless technology, where its impact is extended to touch on all human activities including medical, security, and entertainment applications. As a result, human needs are assigned among the highest priority aspects of system design and requirements. 6G communications are expected to replace all current video conferencing with interactive virtual reality meetings involving high data-rate transmission merged with massive distributed computing resources. In addition, the current expansion of IoT applications must be mitigated by significant network changes to provide a reasonable Quality of Service (QoS). This directly implies a high demand for Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) through mobile computing modules in future wireless communication systems. This article proposes the utilization of Printed Ridge Gap Waveguide (PRGW) to host the wearable nodes. To the best of our knowledge, we propose for the first time a physical layer analysis within the context of a complete architecture. A detailed study on the impact of the distortion of the guiding structure on overall system performance is provided. The proposed structure shows small latency and small losses, highlighting it compatibility with future applications.

Keywords: Ridge Gap Waveguide, Edge Computing Module, 6G, Multimedia IoT Applications.

Authors: Sibongiseni Peacock, Denver Naidoo, Sikhalazo Dube

Abstract:

The study investigates the impact of the National Red Meat Development Program on household food security in rural areas of uMzimkhulu. Self-administered questionnaires were employed to gather data from 77 smallholder beef farmers participating in the St. Paul feedlot project. Data analysis utilized the Household Food Insecurity Access Scale (HFIAS) developed by USAID to assess the household food security status of St. Paul feedlot beneficiaries, with descriptive statistics employed for result analysis. Findings indicate that the majority (80.50%) of beneficiaries experienced food insecurity, while 9.50% were classified as food secure, with most participants falling within the category of moderate food insecurity. Food insecurity predominantly stemmed from challenges faced by farmers unable to sell their cattle or whose cattle were not market-ready due to bureaucratic obstacles hindering the program. Farmers identified feed shortages as the primary constraint, resulting in missed income opportunities. These findings underscore the critical need to address feed challenges and bureaucratic barriers to enhance the efficacy of the National Red Meat Development Program in promoting household food security in rural areas.

Keywords: National red meat development, household food security, St. Paul feedlot, livestock, HFIAS, Household Food Insecurity Access Scale.

Authors: Michael Nthabiseng Moeti, Makhulu Relebogile Langa, Joey Jansen van Vuuren

Abstract:

This paper examines the utilization of personal electronic devices like laptops, tablets, and smartphones for professional duties within a financial organization. This phenomenon is known as bring your own device (BYOD). BYOD accords employees the freedom to use their personal devices to access corporate resources from anywhere in the world with Internet access. BYOD arrangements introduce significant security risks for both organizations and users. These setups change the threat landscape for enterprises and demand unique security strategies, as conventional tools tailored for safeguarding managed devices fall short in adequately protecting enterprise assets without active user cooperation. This paper applies protection motivation theory (PMT) to highlight behavioral risks from BYOD users that may impact the security of financial institutions. Thematic analysis was applied to gain a comprehensive understanding of how users perceive this phenomenon. These findings demonstrates that the existence of a security policy does not ensure that all employees will take measures to protect their personal devices. Active promotion of BYOD security policies is crucial for financial institution employees and management. This paper developed a BYOD security model which is useful for understanding compliant behaviors. Given that BYOD security is becoming a major concern across financial sector. The paper recommends that future research could expand the number of universities from which data are collected.

Keywords: Bring your own device, information security, protection motivation theory, security risks, thematic analysis.

Authors: R. Prinsloo

Abstract:

In South Africa, married retirement fund members can manipulate the legal framework to prevent their spouses from accessing shared retirement benefits during divorce proceedings. The current legal structure allows retirement fund members to accelerate the accrual of their benefits, often by resigning or purchasing living annuities before the finalization of a divorce. This action effectively places these benefits beyond the reach of their spouses, leading to substantial financial prejudice, particularly for financially weaker spouses, typically women. The research highlights that South African courts, including the Supreme Court of Appeal (SCA), have not adequately scrutinized the implications of these actions. Specifically, the SCA has ruled that the capital and proceeds from living annuities are not subject to division during divorce, which undermines the financial rights of non-member spouses. The court's failure to consider the source of the money used to purchase these annuities and its potential inclusion in the joint estate or accrual system is a significant concern. The South African Law Reform Commission has recognized this issue, noting the negative impact on financially weaker spouses. The article critiques the lack of legislative response to this problem despite its significant implications for the equitable distribution of marital assets. The current legal framework, particularly the definition of "pension interest" and the provisions under Section 7(7) and Section 7(8) of the Divorce Act, is inadequate in addressing the complexities surrounding the sharing of retirement benefits in divorce cases. The article argues for a comprehensive review and reform of the law to ensure that retirement benefits are treated as patrimonial assets, subject to division upon the occurrence of any trigger event, such as resignation, retirement, or retrenchment. The need for such reform is urgent to prevent economically disadvantaged spouses from being unjustly deprived of their fair share of retirement benefits. In conclusion, the article advocates for legislative amendments to the Divorce Act, specifically Section 7(7), to clarify that pension interests automatically form part of the joint estate, regardless of whether divorce proceedings are underway. This change would safeguard the financial rights of non-member spouses and ensure a more equitable distribution of retirement benefits during divorce. Failure to address this issue perpetuates economic inequality and leaves financially weaker spouses vulnerable during divorce proceedings.

Keywords: Constitution of South Africa, non-member spouse, retirement benefits, spouse.

Authors: H. Brodeur, B. Ferdousi

Abstract:

As children gain access to the Internet at a younger age, it is essential for those working with children to know the dangers of the Internet and how to protect the children. This article explores the dangers of the Internet for children in addition to effective methods to combat child exploitation. There is also a call for specific institutions working with children to act to protect them, including schools, parental and guardian figures, and the government. This paper analyses the current dangers children face online, examines previously implemented practices from various institutions, and provides suggestions on how these practices can be improved for the modern era.

Keywords: Cybercrime, cybersecurity, cyberbullying, cyberstalking, security awareness.

Authors: Benil Mathew Baby, Leonid Shpanin, Misko Abramiuk

Abstract:

In this paper, a mechanical structure is proposed for generating 100,000 volts on board the drone heavy-lift octocopter UAV (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle) and for exploring the possibility of using this structure to transfer the harvested energy wirelessly to nearby UAVs. The feasibility of generating of a large electric field around the UAV structure is investigated theoretically using ANSYS and MATLAB simulation tools. The high-voltage generation mechanism is based on the boost DC-to-DC conversion technique, utilizing a traditional voltage step-up converter and voltage multiplier circuits. The analysis of the modeled octocopter geometry and the corresponding electric field distribution around the vehicle is presented through graphical representation of the simulated parameters. Additionally, the use of traditional carbon fiber material in the proposed octocopter structure and its impact on the generated electric field is carefully considered.

Keywords: High voltage production, energy harvesting, object modeling and control, unmanned aerial vehicle.

Authors: Parsa Naji

Abstract:

Following the Iran Islamic Revolution in 1979 and the subsequent formation of a theocratic regime, the new regime implemented stringent regulations and a complicated censorship system in the film industry. Thereupon, the screening of films showing the relationships between males and females encountered numerous limitations. Not only did these limits encompass the physical portrayal of the relationship between males and females, but also the dialogues containing explicit sexual or even passionate romantic themes, resulting in a film being permanently consigned to archival storage. However, despite these limitations, Iranian filmmakers persevered in creating their interesting cinematic works. Throughout the years after the revolution, Iranian directors have navigated a series of challenges and obstacles, employing innovative and unconventional methods to bypass the rigorous censorship system imposed by the government, ensuring the screening of their films. This study aims to analyze the creative approaches employed by Iranian filmmakers to circumvent governmental censorship regulations.

Keywords: Censorship, Iranian cinema, Islamic Revolution, male-female relationship.

Authors: A. Breda, C. Cruz

Abstract:

Daily, we face unpredictable events, often attributed to chance, as there is no justification for such an occurrence. Chance, understood as a source of uncertainty, is present in several aspects of human life, such as weather forecasts, dice rolling, and lottery. Surprisingly, humans and some animals can quickly adjust their behavior to handle efficiently doubly stochastic processes (random events with two layers of randomness, like unpredictable weather affecting dice rolling). This adjustment ability suggests that the human brain has built-in mechanisms for perceiving, understanding, and responding to simple probabilities. It also explains why current trends in mathematics education include probability concepts in official curriculum programs, starting from the third year of primary education. In the first years of schooling, children learn to use a certain type of (specific) vocabulary such as: never, always, rarely, perhaps, likely, and unlikely, to help them to perceive and understand the probability of some events. These are keywords of crucial importance for their perception and understanding of probabilities. The development of the probabilistic concepts comes from facts and cause-effect sequences resulting from the subject's actions, as well as the notion of chance and intuitive estimates based on everyday experiences. As part of a junior summer school program, which took place at a Portuguese university, a non-formal learning experiment was carried out with 18 children in the 5th and 6th grades. This experience was designed to be implemented in a dynamic of a serious ice-breaking game, to assess their levels of probabilistic, critical, and creative thinking in understanding impossible, certain, equally probable, likely, and unlikely events, and, also, to gain insight into how the non-formal learning context influenced their achievements. The criteria used to evaluate probabilistic thinking included: the creative ability to conceive events classified in the specified categories, the ability to properly justify the categorization, the ability to critically assess the events classified by other children, and the ability to make predictions based on a given probability.

Keywords: Critical and creative thinking, non-formal mathematics learning, probabilistic thinking, serious game.

Authors: Srinivas Vangari

Abstract:

In the era of big data, ensuring the accuracy, consistency, and reliability of critical data assets is crucial for data-driven enterprises. Master Data Management (MDM) plays a crucial role in this endeavor. This paper investigates the role of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in enhancing MDM, focusing on how AI-driven solutions can automate and optimize various stages of the master data lifecycle. By integrating AI (Quantitative and Qualitative Analysis) into processes such as data creation, maintenance, enrichment, and usage, organizations can achieve significant improvements in data quality and operational efficiency. Quantitative analysis is employed to measure the impact of AI on key metrics, including data accuracy, processing speed, and error reduction. For instance, our study demonstrates an 18% improvement in data accuracy and a 75% reduction in duplicate records across multiple systems post-AI implementation. Furthermore, AI’s predictive maintenance capabilities reduced data obsolescence by 22%, as indicated by statistical analyses of data usage patterns over a 12-month period. Complementing this, a qualitative analysis delves into the specific AI-driven strategies that enhance MDM practices, such as automating data entry and validation, which resulted in a 28% decrease in manual errors. Insights from case studies highlight how AI-driven data cleansing processes reduced inconsistencies by 25% and how AI-powered enrichment strategies improved data relevance by 24%, thus boosting decision-making accuracy. The findings demonstrate that AI significantly enhances data quality and integrity, leading to improved enterprise performance through cost reduction, increased compliance, and more accurate, real-time decision-making. These insights underscore the value of AI as a critical tool in modern data management strategies, offering a competitive edge to organizations that leverage its capabilities.

Keywords: Artificial intelligence, master data management, data governance, data quality.

Authors: Nasrud Din, Rai Muhammad Dawood Sultan, Fawad Saeed, Sajid Hussain, Premkumar Sellan, Qasim Khan, Wei Lei

Abstract:

The continuously increasing external quantum efficiencies of Perovskite light-emitting diodes (LEDs) have received significant interest in the scientific community. The need for monitoring and medical diagnostics has experienced a steady growth in recent years, primarily caused by older people and an increasing number of heart attacks, tumors, and cancer disorders among patients. The application of Perovskite near-infrared light-emitting diode (PeNIRLEDs) has exhibited considerable efficacy in bioimaging, particularly in the visualization and examination of blood arteries, blood clots, and tumors. PeNIRLEDs exhibit exciting potential in the field of blood vessel imaging because of their advantageous attributes, including improved depth penetration and less scattering in comparison to visible light. In this study, we synthesized FAPbI₃ Perovskite doped with different concentrations of 5-Aminovaleric acid (5-AVA) 1-6 mg. The incorporation of 5-AVA as a dopant during the FAPbI₃ Perovskite formation influences the FAPbI3 Perovskite’s structural and optical properties, improving its stability, photoluminescence efficiency, and charge transport characteristics. We found a resulting PL emission peak wavelength of 850 nm and bandwidth of 44 nm, along with a calculated quantum yield of 75%. The incorporation of 5-AVA-modified FAPbI₃ Perovskite into LEDs will show promising results, enhancing device efficiency, color purity, and stability. Making it suitable for various medical applications, including subcutaneous deep vein imaging, blood flow visualization, and tumor illumination.

Keywords: Perovskite light-emitting diodes, deep vein imaging, blood flow visualization, tumor illumination.

Authors: R. A. Saleh, A. Gimba, A. Adeleke, A. Usman

Abstract:

One fossil fuel used to generate electricity is coal, a nonrenewable energy source. Despite its utility, many individuals steer avoid coal, often overlooking its significance. Notably, coal is considered to contain notable amounts of rare metals, which serve as basic materials in the production of renewable energy. The occurrence of rare metals in Garin Maiganga Coal Deposit was analyzed using ICP-OES (Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometry), 16 rare metals were determined in the coal: cesium (Cs), gold, platinum, osmium, iridium, palladium, ruthenium, rhodium, tellurium, rhenium, indium, tantalum, tungsten, gallium, lithium, and cobalt. The results indicated the occurrence of Cs in all three decarbonized coal ash samples. The objective of this study is to expand the data necessary for initiating metal recovery experiments. The focus is on using ICP-OES to measure the concentration of these metals in Garin Maiganga coal resource in Gombe, Nigeria. In order to do this, the contents of rare metals were detected, and the economic values of the elements were explored.

Keywords: Coal, Maiganga, rare metals, ICP-OES.

Authors: Gianni Jacucci

Abstract:

Some sociology concepts have become common sense: Successful communication of meanings requires the sharing of “sedimentations” of previous meanings. A common professional basis is required for a correct sharing of meanings, e. g., “standardised accounting data among accountants”. The accounting of social events must be carried out in the same language used by the actors of those events in managing their practice. These concepts let emergence ante litteram the concept of Community of practice: We advocate professional descriptions of the community of practice members to scientifically determine the level of child psycho social emotional development. Our approach consists of an application to Human Sciences of Husserl’s Phenomenological Philosophy using a method reminder of Giorgi’s Descriptive Phenomenological Method (DPM) in Psychology. Husserl’s requirement of “Epoché,” which involves eliminating prejudices from the minds of observers, is met through “concept cleaning,” achieved by consistently sharing disciplinary concepts within their community of practice. Meanwhile, the absence of subjective bias is ensured by the meticulous attention to detail in their professional expertise. Our approach shows promise in accurately assessing many other properties through detailed professional descriptions of the community of practice members.

Keywords: Scientific rigour, descriptive phenomenological method, sedimentation of meanings, community of practice.