Search results for: Ike Saya

Authors: Aika Umemuro, Mitsuru Sato, Mizuki Narita, Saya Hori, Saya Sakurai, Tomomi Nakayama, Ayano Nakazawa, Toshihiro Ogura

Abstract:

Mammography requires the detection of very small calcifications, and physicians search for microcalcifications by magnifying the images as they read them. The mouse is necessary to zoom in on the images, but this can be tiring and distracting when many images are read in a single day. Therefore, an image magnification system combining an eye-detector and a simple electroencephalograph (EEG) scanner was devised, and its operability was evaluated. Two experiments were conducted in this study: the measurement of eye-detection error using an eye-detector and the measurement of the time required for image magnification using a simple EEG scanner. Eye-detector validation showed that the mean distance of eye-detection error ranged from 0.64 cm to 2.17 cm, with an overall mean of 1.24 ± 0.81 cm for the observers. The results showed that the eye detection error was small enough for the magnified area of the mammographic image. The average time required for point magnification in the verification of the simple EEG scanner ranged from 5.85 to 16.73 seconds, and individual differences were observed. The reason for this may be that the size of the simple EEG scanner used was not adjustable, so it did not fit well for some subjects. The use of a simple EEG scanner with size adjustment would solve this problem. Therefore, the image magnification system using the eye-detector and the simple EEG scanner is useful.

Keywords: EEG scanner, eye-detector, mammography, observers

Procedia PDF Downloads 218

Authors: Rachel Thomas Tharmabalan

Abstract:

The growing unease over the matter of food security in the world is the result of a maturing realization that the genetic base of most human caloric intake from plants is dangerously narrow. Malaysia’s tropical rainforests have the potential to contribute to diet diversification and provide a source of nutrient-rich food as the Orang Asli communities in Malaysia have relied almost entirely on the jungle for food, fodder, medicine and fuel antithetical to what is happening today. This segregation of the Orang Asli from traditional lands and resources leads to severe loss of knowledge of biodiversity. In order to preserve these wild edibles, four different types of vegetables that are frequently consumed by the Orang Asli which consists of Rebu, Meranti, Saya and Pama were selected. These vegetables were then analysed to determine its proximate and mineral content to help ascertain claims and reaffirm the impact it can play in ensuring food and nutrition security, in addition to combating chronic diseases. From the results obtained, the Meranti had the highest crude fiber, iron and calcium content. Other minerals such as potassium, magnesium and copper were also found in varying content. These wild edibles could also contribute to education and bring awareness to younger generations as well as urban populations to start consuming more of these in their daily life as it could prevent various chronic diseases in Malaysia.

Keywords: food and nutrition security, Orang Asli, underutilized plants, wild edible food systems

Procedia PDF Downloads 161

Authors: Midori Tanimura, Ike Saya, Etsuko Yoshida

Abstract:

Since the work of Lakoff and Johnson (1980), metaphor has been recognized not merely as a rhetorical device but as a crucial component of human thought and conceptual formation. However, many studies have concentrated on verbal metaphors, leaving relatively little research on figurative expressions that draw on additional modes, such as visual forms, auditory information, or gesture (Forceville & Urios-Aparisi, 2009, Littlemore, 2009). This paper addresses that gap by examining multimodal metaphors, which emerge through the integration of multiple modes (e.g., language and visual forms). For example, an advertisement conveying “passion is fire” by pairing the phrase “Feel the fire” with a visual depiction of flames illustrates how metaphor can be expressed in both linguistic and visual modes (Forceville, 2006). In this study, we analyze data from task-based conversation among multiple ELF (English as a Lingua Franca) speakers. Our focus is on LEGO block-creation conversations, exploring how physical operations (arranging or assembling blocks) and linguistic expressions interact to construct figurative or abstract concepts. Specifically, we investigate the types of linguistic metaphors (e.g., the expression “Let’s build a scale here” based on the conceptual metaphor ) that emerge when participants discuss the arrangement, color, and shape of blocks, as well as how abstract concepts (e.g., “equality,” “fairness,” “connection”) are represented through block configurations. The ELF multi-participant task-based conversation data consist of groups of three or four students from diverse cultural backgrounds who collaborate in English to freely assemble LEGO blocks while sharing their visions of given tasks. Six tasks were presented—responsibility, collaboration, knowledge, justice, safety, and tolerance—and each was allotted five minutes (Bjørndahl, Fusaroli, Østergaard, and Tylén, 2015). A total of 31 participants, all university students in the Kansai region of Japan, took part in the study. They included Japanese native speakers learning English, and international students (from China, Spain, Poland, and Brazil), forming eight groups of three to four members each. Their proficiency levels ranged from CEFR A2 (approximately TOEIC 750) to CEFR C2. The analysis suggests that the interaction between block handling and speech transforms abstract concepts such as "equality," "fairness," and "connection," and into concrete and visually grounded metaphors. For instance, when representing "equality" or "fairness," one group placed an equal number of blocks on a scale, while another used the theme of a criminal's wrongdoing to represent the "severity" or "weight" of punishment with blocks. Additionally, when expressing "connection," groups created circles with blocks or connected the hands of block figures, symbolizing these concepts in a visual and metaphorical way. These examples show that groups used varied block-handling strategies, reflecting how their understanding of abstract concepts shaped their arrangements. These findings contribute to visualizing abstract concepts, promoting natural English usage, and enhancing intercultural understanding in English education. Furthermore, in business settings, visualizing tasks through block handling can facilitate team building, improve communication efficiency, and even foster creative problem solving. Thus, using such multimodal metaphors has potential not only for language learning and cross-cultural communication but also for corporate training and organizational collaboration.

Keywords: co-construction, interaction, multimodal metaphor, physical action

Procedia PDF Downloads 0